Growth opportunities are proxied by the market price of equity divided terjemahan - Growth opportunities are proxied by the market price of equity divided Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Growth opportunities are proxied by

Growth opportunities are proxied by the market price of equity divided by the book value of
equity (i.e., the price to book ratio). The mean (median) value is 1.11 (0.78) which means that
the average stock price of our sample is slightly overvalued (undervalued) compared to the
reference value of unity. However, it is not desirable to compare directly firms with large
R&D intensity with firms with long-term fixed assets. This is because firms with large longterm
fixed assets tend to exhibit big differences between book and market values. Again, this
is another reason why we include industry and year-industry effects in our model. Leverage is defined as total debts divided by total assets. Payment to the board is defined as the average
payment to registered board member divided by total assets.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1: [Salinan]
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Growth opportunities are proxied by the market price of equity divided by the book value ofequity (i.e., the price to book ratio). The mean (median) value is 1.11 (0.78) which means thatthe average stock price of our sample is slightly overvalued (undervalued) compared to thereference value of unity. However, it is not desirable to compare directly firms with largeR&D intensity with firms with long-term fixed assets. This is because firms with large longtermfixed assets tend to exhibit big differences between book and market values. Again, thisis another reason why we include industry and year-industry effects in our model. Leverage is defined as total debts divided by total assets. Payment to the board is defined as the averagepayment to registered board member divided by total assets.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
Disalin!
Peluang pertumbuhan yang ditunjukkan oleh harga pasar ekuitas dibagi dengan nilai buku
ekuitas (yaitu, harga untuk buku rasio). Mean (median) nilai 1.11 (0.78) yang berarti bahwa
harga saham rata-rata dari sampel kami sedikit dinilai terlalu tinggi (undervalued) dibandingkan dengan
nilai referensi persatuan. Namun, hal ini tidak diinginkan untuk membandingkan perusahaan langsung dengan besar
R & intensitas D dengan perusahaan dengan aset tetap jangka panjang. Hal ini karena perusahaan dengan jangka panjang besar
aktiva tetap cenderung menunjukkan perbedaan besar antara buku dan nilai pasar. Sekali lagi, ini
adalah alasan lain mengapa kita termasuk industri dan tahun-industri efek dalam model kami. Leverage didefinisikan sebagai jumlah utang dibagi dengan total aset. Pembayaran ke papan didefinisikan sebagai rata-rata
pembayaran kepada anggota dewan yang terdaftar dibagi dengan total aset.
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