cells in the central zone and cell

cells in the central zone and cell displacement to the
periphery. But how are permanent stem cells maintained
in the meristem?
The CLAVATA Genes Restrict Stem Cell Number
The first insights into the underlying regulatory mechanisms came fromstudies of mutations that disrupt meristem organization. Loss-of-function mutations in the CLAVATA1, 2 or 3 genes (CLV1, 2 and 3) of Arabidopsis cause an accumulation of undifferentiated cells in the center of shoot and floral meristems, resulting in a some times massive size increase of the shoot meristem 1A and 1B). Since cell division rates were not altered in (references can be found in Fletcher et al., 1999) (Figures clv mutants (Laufs et al., 1998), these genes must act to restrict stem cell number in the meristem. The buildup of stem cells in the central zone causes a concomitant increase in size of the surrounding peripheral zone where organs are initiated, resulting in the formation of supernumerary, but otherwise normal, organs. In wild type plants, only the shoot apical meristem is indeterminate and maintains stem cel ls throughout the life of the plant; floral meristems cease their activity after the formation of a discrete number of organs. The stem cells are then consumed during the formation of carpels in the center of the flower. However, floral meristems of clv mutants maintain more stem cells, and additional carpels are made that fuse to form a club-shaped pod or silique (latin clava 5 club). Genetic analysis using double mutants indicated that the CLV gene products act in the same pathway to restrict stem cell fate or division in the meristem. Clonal studies using an unstable clv3 allele caused by a transposon insertion revealed that CLV3 can act non–cell autonomously (Fletcher et al., 1999). CLV3 mRNA is abundant in the stem cell domain of shoot and floral meristems, whereas the RNA of CLV1 is found mostly in an underlying domain of the L3 layer (Fletcher et al., 1999; Clark et al., 1997). Detailed studies on the expression pattern of CLV2 have still to be performed, but the RNA can be detected in all shoot tissues of Arabidopsis (Jeong et al., 1999)

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

sel-sel di pusat zona dan sel perpindahan kepinggiran. Tapi bagaimana sel-sel induk yang tetap dipertahankandi meristem?Gen CLAVATA membatasi jumlah sel indukThe first insights into the underlying regulatory mechanisms came fromstudies of mutations that disrupt meristem organization. Loss-of-function mutations in the CLAVATA1, 2 or 3 genes (CLV1, 2 and 3) of Arabidopsis cause an accumulation of undifferentiated cells in the center of shoot and floral meristems, resulting in a some times massive size increase of the shoot meristem 1A and 1B). Since cell division rates were not altered in (references can be found in Fletcher et al., 1999) (Figures clv mutants (Laufs et al., 1998), these genes must act to restrict stem cell number in the meristem. The buildup of stem cells in the central zone causes a concomitant increase in size of the surrounding peripheral zone where organs are initiated, resulting in the formation of supernumerary, but otherwise normal, organs. In wild type plants, only the shoot apical meristem is indeterminate and maintains stem cel ls throughout the life of the plant; floral meristems cease their activity after the formation of a discrete number of organs. The stem cells are then consumed during the formation of carpels in the center of the flower. However, floral meristems of clv mutants maintain more stem cells, and additional carpels are made that fuse to form a club-shaped pod or silique (latin clava 5 club). Genetic analysis using double mutants indicated that the CLV gene products act in the same pathway to restrict stem cell fate or division in the meristem. Clonal studies using an unstable clv3 allele caused by a transposon insertion revealed that CLV3 can act non–cell autonomously (Fletcher et al., 1999). CLV3 mRNA is abundant in the stem cell domain of shoot and floral meristems, whereas the RNA of CLV1 is found mostly in an underlying domain of the L3 layer (Fletcher et al., 1999; Clark et al., 1997). Detailed studies on the expression pattern of CLV2 have still to be performed, but the RNA can be detected in all shoot tissues of Arabidopsis (Jeong et al., 1999)