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After the optical fiber is scored, the next step is to bend the optical fiber. The optical fiber is bent slightly, as shown in Figure 25.23. Slightly bending the optical fiber places tensile stress on the surface of the optical fiber where it has been scored. This causes the small surface flaw to open and split the fiber.After the optical fiber is cleaved, the endface should be perpendicular to the optical fiber without any surface defects and the cleave angle should not exceed 1.0º. Cleave angles can be evaluated only with a microscope. This is typically only done when a fusion splice is performed. Many fusion splicers will measure the cleave angle of the optical fiber prior to splicing.Figure 25.24 is a photograph of a cleaved optical fiber with defects. In an ideal cleave, the mirror area would cover the entire endface. However, in this example the mirror area represents only a small portion of the endface. The rest of the endface looks like it was hacked with a sharp object many times. These irregular defects are commonly referred to as hackles.
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