SDT proposes that extrinsic motivation varies regarding the extent tow terjemahan - SDT proposes that extrinsic motivation varies regarding the extent tow Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

SDT proposes that extrinsic motivat

SDT proposes that extrinsic motivation varies regarding the extent to
which behavior is autonomous or self-determined (Ryan & Deci, 2000a).
First, two types of controlled extrinsic motivation are distinguished: external
and introjected regulation.Externally regulated behavioris motivated by
external contingencies involving threats of punishments, and material or
social rewards. For example, an employee whose work behavior is externally
regulated may perform his work to avoid being criticised by his supervisor or
to obtain a salary increase. This type of behavior is experienced as most
controlled, since it is regulated by the social environment and, thus, non-self-determined.Introjected regulationis a product of an internalisation process in
which individuals rigidly adopt external standards of self-worth and social
approval without fully identifying with them. Meeting these introjected stan-dards results in feelings of self-worth and self-esteem, whereas failing to meet
these standards leads to self-criticism and negative feelings (Deci & Ryan,
2002; Koestner & Losier, 2002). Thus, introjected regulation represents regu-lation by contingent self-esteem (Ryan & Deci, 2000b). For example, an
employee who is motivated by introjected regulation does her work in order
to obtain positive feelings such as pride or to avoid negative feelings like
unworthiness.
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SDT proposes that extrinsic motivation varies regarding the extent towhich behavior is autonomous or self-determined (Ryan & Deci, 2000a).First, two types of controlled extrinsic motivation are distinguished: externaland introjected regulation.Externally regulated behavioris motivated byexternal contingencies involving threats of punishments, and material orsocial rewards. For example, an employee whose work behavior is externallyregulated may perform his work to avoid being criticised by his supervisor orto obtain a salary increase. This type of behavior is experienced as mostcontrolled, since it is regulated by the social environment and, thus, non-self-determined.Introjected regulationis a product of an internalisation process inwhich individuals rigidly adopt external standards of self-worth and socialapproval without fully identifying with them. Meeting these introjected stan-dards results in feelings of self-worth and self-esteem, whereas failing to meetthese standards leads to self-criticism and negative feelings (Deci & Ryan,2002; Koestner & Losier, 2002). Thus, introjected regulation represents regu-lation by contingent self-esteem (Ryan & Deci, 2000b). For example, anemployee who is motivated by introjected regulation does her work in orderto obtain positive feelings such as pride or to avoid negative feelings likeunworthiness.
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SDT mengusulkan bahwa motivasi ekstrinsik bervariasi mengenai sejauh
mana perilaku otonom atau ditentukan sendiri (Ryan & Deci, 2000a).
Pertama, dua jenis dikendalikan motivasi ekstrinsik dibedakan: eksternal
dan introjected behavioris regulation.Externally diatur termotivasi oleh
kontinjensi eksternal yang melibatkan ancaman hukuman, dan materi atau
imbalan sosial. Sebagai contoh, seorang karyawan yang perilakunya kerja eksternal
diatur dapat melakukan pekerjaannya untuk menghindari dikritik oleh atasannya atau
untuk mendapatkan kenaikan gaji. Jenis perilaku yang dialami sebagai yang paling
dikendalikan, karena diatur oleh lingkungan sosial dan, dengan demikian, non-self-determined.Introjected regulationis produk dari proses internalisasi di
mana individu kaku mengadopsi standar eksternal diri dan sosial
persetujuan tanpa sepenuhnya mengidentifikasi dengan mereka. Pertemuan ini introjected hasil stan-dards perasaan harga diri dan harga diri, sedangkan gagal memenuhi
standar ini mengarah pada kritik diri dan negatif perasaan (Deci & Ryan,
2002; Koestner & Losier, 2002). Dengan demikian, peraturan introjected merupakan regu-lation oleh kontingen diri (Ryan & Deci, 2000b). Sebagai contoh, seorang
karyawan yang termotivasi oleh peraturan introjected melakukan pekerjaannya dalam rangka
untuk mendapatkan perasaan positif seperti kebanggaan atau untuk menghindari perasaan-perasaan negatif seperti
tidak layak.
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