Ki Hajar Dewantara(Raden Mas Suward

Ki Hajar Dewantara
(Raden Mas Suwardi Suryaningrat)
Picture 9.2 (Source: Kemendikbud)
The development of good character
should be the heart and soul of education, and
should dominate the spirit of teaching. This was
the philosophy of the “Father of Education” in
Indonesia, Ki Hajar Dewantara. The reason, he said,
was that teaching and character building are like
two sides of a coin and cannot, and should not be
separated.
Education, by definition, means guiding
student lives in a strong foundation of good
character, so that they would be civilized humans
of highest moral fibre, thus laying the foundation of
a great nation without distinction of religion, ethnicity, customs, economic and
social status.
nd Ki Hajar Dewantara was born in the royal family of Yogyakarta on 2 May
1889. His given name was Raden Mas Suwardi Suryaningrat which he later
changed to renounce his connections with the royal family. He transformed
himself into an activist, columnist, politician and pioneer of education for
Indonesians. He fought for rights of Indonesians during Dutch and Japanese
colonial eras (www.tokoindonesia.com).
He was born into an aristocratic family that granted him the privilege of
free access to education of his choice. He got his primary education from ELS
(Europeesche Lagere School), then he continued his education at Stovia (Java
Medical School) but due to health reasons he couldn't finish it. He started writing
for newspapers and eventually all his writings were focused on Indonesian
patriotism, thus anti Dutch. He was involved in the early activities of Budi Utomo
and the Indiesche Party, which were both important in the early development of
the pergerakan, the “movement” that grew up with a nascent Indonesian national
political consciousness (www.indonotes.wordpress.com).
He was exiled between 1913 and 1919 following the publication of two of
Bahasa Inggris 65
his articles: “Als ik eens Nederlander” (If I was a Dutchman) and “Eén voor allen en
allen voor één” (One for all and all for one). He used his time in exile to learn more
a b o u t e d u c a t i o n a n d o b t a i n e d a E u r o p e e s c h e c e r t i f i c a t e
(www.tokoindonesia.com).
Following his return, he focused more on cultural and educational efforts
paving way to develop educational concepts in Indonesia. He believed that
education is very important and the most important means of freeing Indonesians
from clutches of colonization. He played a leading role in establishing “National
Onderwijs Institut Taman Siswa” in 1922. This institution was established to
educate native Indonesians during colonial times. This institution was based on
these principles:
1. Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha (the one in front sets example).
2. Ing Madya Mangun Karsa (the one in the middle builds the spirit and
encouragement).
3. Tut Wuri Handayani (the one at the back gives support)
(indonotes.wordpress.com).
As Ki Hajar believed that character was not merely a theoretical concept,
but a practical and living concept, he embodied his vision in his school, Taman
Siswa. The central goals of Taman Siswa emphasized character building, including
traits such as patriotism and love for the nation, and a sense of national identity.
His vision was that Indonesians would be free from colonial powers, to fight for
independence and have good character. He continued writing but his writings
took a turn from politics to education. These writings later laid foundation of
Indonesian education. Froebel, Montessori and Tagore influenced his educational
principles and in Taman Siswa he drew some inspiration from Tagore's
Shantiniketan (asrirahayudamai.wordpress.com).
After independence, he was given the office of Minister of Education and
Culture. For his efforts in pioneering education for the masses, he was officially
declared Father of Indonesian Education and his birthday is celebrated as National
Education Day. His portrait was on 20,000 rupiah note till 2002. He was officially
nd th confirmed as a National Hero of Indonesia by the 2 President of Indonesia on 28
November 1959 (Tokohindonesia.com).
Ki Hajar Dewantara passed away on 26th April 1952 at the age of 69 years.
His wife donated all Ki Hajar's belongings to Dewantara Kirti Griya Museum,
Yogyakarta. He was a great man who spent his whole life serving his people and
country.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Ki Hadjar Dewantara(Raden Mas Suwardi Suryaningrat)Gambar 9.2 (sumber: Kemendikbud)Pengembangan karakter yang baikharus hati dan jiwa dari pendidikan, danharus mendominasi Roh pengajaran. Ini adalahfilosofi "Bapa of Education" diIndonesia, Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Alasan, ia berkata,adalah bahwa ajaran dan membangun karakter sepertidua sisi dari koin dan tidak bisa, dan tidak bolehdipisahkan.Pendidikan, menurut definisi, berarti membimbingsiswa tinggal di fondasi yang kuat yang baikkarakter, sehingga mereka akan menjadi beradab manusiaserat moral tertinggi, dengan demikian meletakkan dasarmenjadi bangsa yang besar tanpa perbedaan agama, etnis, Bea Cukai, ekonomi danstatus sosial.Nd Ki Hadjar Dewantara dilahirkan dalam keluarga kerajaan Yogyakarta pada 2 Mei1889. namanya diberikan adalah Raden Mas Suwardi Suryaningrat yang ia kemudianberubah menjadi melepaskan hubungan dengan keluarga kerajaan. Ia mengubahdirinya menjadi aktivis, kolumnis, politikus dan pelopor pendidikanIndonesia. Dia berjuang untuk hak-hak rakyat Indonesia selama Belanda dan Jepangera kolonial (www.tokoindonesia.com).Ia dilahirkan dalam keluarga bangsawan yang diberikan kepadanya hak istimewagratis akses ke pendidikan yang Anda pilih. Ia mendapat pendidikan Els(Europeeche Lagere School), kemudian ia melanjutkan pendidikannya di Stovia (JawaSekolah Kedokteran) tapi karena kesehatan alasan dia tidak bisa menyelesaikannya. Ia mulai menulisuntuk Surat Kabar dan akhirnya semua tulisannya terfokus pada Indonesiapatriotisme, sehingga anti Belanda. Ia dituduh terlibat dalam kegiatan awal Budi Utomodan Partai Indiesche, yang sama-sama penting dalam perkembangan awal daripergerakan, "gerakan" yang tumbuh dengan Indonesia yang baru lahir Nasionalkesadaran politik (www.indonotes.wordpress.com).Ia kemudian dibuang daerah antara 1913 dan 1919 setelah publikasi duaBahasa Inggris 65Artikel: "Als ik eens Nederlander" (jika aku seorang Belanda) dan "Eén voor allen enAllen voor een"(satu untuk semua dan semua untuk satu). Dia menghabiskan waktu di pengasingan untuk mempelajari lebih lanjutb o u t e c d u t saya o n b n d o t i n e d E Anda di o p e e s c h e c e r t saya f saya c t e(www.tokoindonesia.com).Sekembalinya, ia berfokus upaya lain di budaya dan pendidikanPaving jalan untuk mengembangkan konsep-konsep pendidikan di Indonesia. Dia percaya bahwapendidikan sangat penting dan cara terpenting untuk membebaskan Indonesiadari cengkeraman penjajahan. Ia memainkan peran utama dalam membangun "NasionalOnderwijs Institut Taman Siswa"pada tahun 1922. Lembaga ini didirikan untukmendidik pribumi selama masa kolonial. Lembaga ini didasarkan padaprinsip-prinsip ini:1. Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha (satu di depan contoh).2. Ing Madya Mangun Karsa (satu di tengah-tengah membangun semangat dandorongan).3. tut Wuri Handayani (satu di belakang memberikan dukungan)(indonotes.wordpress.com).Seperti Ki Hajar percaya bahwa karakter itu tidak hanya sebuah konsep teoritis,tapi praktis dan konsep hidup, ia diwujudkan visi di sekolahnya, TamanSiswa. Tujuan Pusat Taman Siswa menekankan karakter, termasukCiri-ciri seperti patriotisme dan cinta untuk bangsa, dan rasa identitas nasional.Visinya adalah bahwa Indonesia akan menjadi bebas dari kekuasaan kolonial, berjuang untukkemerdekaan dan memiliki karakter yang baik. Ia melanjutkan menulis tapi tulisannyamengambil giliran dari politik untuk pendidikan. Tulisan-tulisan kemudian meletakkan dasarPendidikan di Indonesia. Froebel, Montessori dan Tagore dipengaruhi nya pendidikanprinsip-prinsip dan di Taman Siswa ia menarik inspirasi dari TagoreShantiniketan (asrirahayudamai.wordpress.com).Setelah kemerdekaan, ia diberi jabatan Menteri Pendidikan danBudaya. Untuk usahanya perintis pendidikan untuk massa, ia secara resmiBapa menyatakan pendidikan Indonesia dan ulang tahunnya dirayakan sebagai NasionalHari pendidikan. Ia potret adalah pada catatan 20.000 rupiah sampai 2002. Ia secara resmiNd th dikonfirmasi sebagai pahlawan nasional Indonesia oleh Presiden 2 Indonesia pada 28November 1959 (Tokohindonesia.com).Ki Hadjar Dewantara meninggal dunia pada tanggal 26 April 1952 pada umur 69 tahun.Istrinya disumbangkan barang-barang semua Ki Hajar Dewantara Kirti Griya MuseumYogyakarta. Dia adalah orang besar yang menghabiskan seluruh hidupnya melayani umat-Nya dannegara.