Literature reviewThe concept of relational marketing has emerged withi terjemahan - Literature reviewThe concept of relational marketing has emerged withi Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Literature reviewThe concept of rel

Literature review

The concept of relational marketing has emerged within the field of service marketing and industrial marketing ([8] Berry, 1983; [27] Jackson, 1985; [21] Gummesson, 1987; [13] Christopher et al. , 1991; [22] Gummesson, 1991). The phenomenon described by this concept is strongly supported by on-going trends in modern business ([50] Webster, 1992). [8] Berry (1983) viewed relationship marketing as a strategy to attract, maintain and enhance customer relationships. [46] Rapp and Collins (1990) argued that the goals of relationship marketing are to create and maintain lasting relationships between the firm and its customers that are rewarding for both sides, while [11] Blomqvist et al. (1993) offered the following key characteristics of relationship marketing: every customer is considered an individual person or unit, activities of the firm are predominantly directed towards existing customers, it is based on interactions and dialogues, and the firm is trying to achieve profitability through the decrease of customer turnover and the strengthening of customer relationships. [23] Gummesson (1993) concluded that relationship marketing is a strategy where the management of interactions, relationships and networks are fundamental issues.

Relationship marketing is to establish, maintain, and enhance relationships with customers and other partners, at a profit, so that the objectives of the parties involved are met ([20] Gronroos, 1994). This is achieved by a mutual symbiosis and fulfillment of promises ([38] Ndubisi, 2003). The interaction and network approach of industrial marketing and modern service marketing approaches, clearly views marketing as an interactive process in a social context where relationship building and management are a vital underpinning ([4] Bagozzi, 1975; [50] Webster, 1992).

Marketing studies have theorized a number of key underpinnings of relationship marketing namely, trust ([36] Morgan and Hunt, 1994; [40] Ndubisi et al. , 2004), equity ([24] Gundlach and Murphy, 1993; [39] Ndubisi, 2004), benevolence ([12] Buttle, 1996), empathy ([39] Ndubisi, 2004), commitment ([36] Morgan and Hunt, 1994; [39] Ndubisi, 2004), conflict handling ([40] Ndubisi et al. , 2004), communication or sharing of secrets ([16] Crosby et al. , 1990; [36] Morgan and Hunt, 1994; [40] Ndubisi et al. , 2004) and competence ([40] Ndubisi et al. , 2004). In this study, we empirically examine the relationship among these constructs namely, commitment, competence, communication conflict handling, trust, overall relationship quality, and customer loyalty.
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Literature reviewThe concept of relational marketing has emerged within the field of service marketing and industrial marketing ([8] Berry, 1983; [27] Jackson, 1985; [21] Gummesson, 1987; [13] Christopher et al. , 1991; [22] Gummesson, 1991). The phenomenon described by this concept is strongly supported by on-going trends in modern business ([50] Webster, 1992). [8] Berry (1983) viewed relationship marketing as a strategy to attract, maintain and enhance customer relationships. [46] Rapp and Collins (1990) argued that the goals of relationship marketing are to create and maintain lasting relationships between the firm and its customers that are rewarding for both sides, while [11] Blomqvist et al. (1993) offered the following key characteristics of relationship marketing: every customer is considered an individual person or unit, activities of the firm are predominantly directed towards existing customers, it is based on interactions and dialogues, and the firm is trying to achieve profitability through the decrease of customer turnover and the strengthening of customer relationships. [23] Gummesson (1993) concluded that relationship marketing is a strategy where the management of interactions, relationships and networks are fundamental issues.Relationship marketing is to establish, maintain, and enhance relationships with customers and other partners, at a profit, so that the objectives of the parties involved are met ([20] Gronroos, 1994). This is achieved by a mutual symbiosis and fulfillment of promises ([38] Ndubisi, 2003). The interaction and network approach of industrial marketing and modern service marketing approaches, clearly views marketing as an interactive process in a social context where relationship building and management are a vital underpinning ([4] Bagozzi, 1975; [50] Webster, 1992).
Marketing studies have theorized a number of key underpinnings of relationship marketing namely, trust ([36] Morgan and Hunt, 1994; [40] Ndubisi et al. , 2004), equity ([24] Gundlach and Murphy, 1993; [39] Ndubisi, 2004), benevolence ([12] Buttle, 1996), empathy ([39] Ndubisi, 2004), commitment ([36] Morgan and Hunt, 1994; [39] Ndubisi, 2004), conflict handling ([40] Ndubisi et al. , 2004), communication or sharing of secrets ([16] Crosby et al. , 1990; [36] Morgan and Hunt, 1994; [40] Ndubisi et al. , 2004) and competence ([40] Ndubisi et al. , 2004). In this study, we empirically examine the relationship among these constructs namely, commitment, competence, communication conflict handling, trust, overall relationship quality, and customer loyalty.
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Tinjauan pustaka

Konsep pemasaran relasional telah muncul dalam bidang pemasaran layanan dan pemasaran industri ([8] Berry, 1983; [27] Jackson, 1985; [21] Gummesson, 1987; [13] Christopher et al., 1991; [22] Gummesson, 1991). Fenomena yang dijelaskan oleh konsep ini sangat didukung oleh tren yang sedang berlangsung dalam bisnis modern ([50] Webster, 1992). [8] Berry (1983) melihat hubungan pemasaran sebagai strategi untuk menarik, mempertahankan dan meningkatkan hubungan pelanggan. [46] Rapp dan Collins (1990) berpendapat bahwa tujuan dari hubungan pemasaran yang menciptakan dan memelihara hubungan yang langgeng antara perusahaan dan pelanggan yang menguntungkan bagi kedua belah pihak, sementara [11] Blomqvist et al. (1993) yang ditawarkan berikut karakteristik kunci dari hubungan pemasaran: setiap pelanggan dianggap seorang individu atau unit, kegiatan perusahaan yang didominasi diarahkan pelanggan yang sudah ada, itu didasarkan pada interaksi dan dialog, dan perusahaan sedang mencoba untuk mencapai profitabilitas melalui penurunan omset pelanggan dan penguatan hubungan pelanggan. [23] Gummesson (1993) menyimpulkan bahwa hubungan pemasaran adalah strategi di mana pengelolaan interaksi, hubungan dan jaringan merupakan isu mendasar.

Hubungan pemasaran adalah untuk membangun, memelihara, dan meningkatkan hubungan dengan pelanggan dan mitra lainnya, pada keuntungan, sehingga tujuan dari pihak yang terlibat terpenuhi ([20] Gronroos, 1994). Hal ini dicapai dengan saling simbiosis dan pemenuhan janji-janji ([38] Ndubisi, 2003). Interaksi dan jaringan pendekatan pemasaran industri dan pendekatan layanan pemasaran modern, jelas memandang pemasaran sebagai proses interaktif dalam konteks sosial di mana membangun hubungan dan manajemen adalah fondasi penting ([4] Bagozzi, 1975; [50] Webster, 1992).

studi pemasaran telah berteori sejumlah dasar-dasar kunci dari hubungan pemasaran yaitu, kepercayaan ([36] Morgan dan Hunt, 1994;. [40] Ndubisi et al, 2004), ekuitas ([24] Gundlach dan Murphy, 1993; [39] Ndubisi, 2004), kebajikan ([12] Buttle, 1996), empati ([39] Ndubisi, 2004), komitmen ([36] Morgan dan Hunt, 1994; [39] Ndubisi, 2004), penanganan konflik ([40] Ndubisi et al, 2004), komunikasi atau berbagi rahasia ([16] Crosby et al, 1990;.. [36] Morgan dan Hunt, 1994; [40] Ndubisi et al, 2004) dan kompetensi ([40] Ndubisi. et al., 2004). Dalam studi ini, kami secara empiris menguji hubungan antara konstruksi ini yaitu, komitmen, kompetensi, penanganan konflik komunikasi, kepercayaan, kualitas hubungan secara keseluruhan, dan loyalitas pelanggan.
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