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1 IntroductionWhile the available core inflation measures differ in terms of the statisticalor econometric tools employed for estimation, there is substantial agreementin the literature concerning the theoretical framework of reference and theproperties that a core inflation process should show. According to Brianand Cecchetti (1994), a core inflation process should be highly persistent,forward looking and tied to monetary dynamics. Coherent with the quantitytheory of money, this latter property implies that core inflation shouldmeasure the inflation rate determined by the monetary authority. However,although most of the core inflation processes proposed in the literature makereference to the quantity theory framework (Brian and Cecchetti, 1994; Quahand Vahey, 1995; Bagliano and Morana, 1999, 2003a,b; Bagliano et al., 2002,2003c; Cogley, 2002), the linkage between inflation and excess nominal moneygrowth is only indirect, since at most either monetary aggregates have beenconsidered in the information set, and a Cambridge real money demand hasbeen estimated in levels (Bagliano et al., 2002, 2003c, Cassola and Morana,2002), or a long-run relationship linking inflation and nominal money growthhas been estimated (Bagliano and Morana 1999, 2003a,b), the latter leadingto a core inflation process bearing the interpretation of the common permanentcomponent in inflation and nominal money growth. Morana (2002)has recently made some progress on this issue, estimating the core inflationprocess as the scaled common persistent factor in inflation and excess nominalmoney growth, annihilated by the quantity theory long-run relationship.1The core inflation process proposed by Morana (2002), therefore, is derivedfrom the estimation of a structural model for inflation, granting a theoreticaldefinition to the core inflation process in terms of monetary inflationrate.2 Coherent with recent contributions in the literature, which point tothe presence of long memory and structural change in inflation (see for instanceHassler andWolters, 1995; Baillie et al., 1996; Delgado and Robinson,1994; Bos et al., 1999, 2001; Ooms and Doornik, 1999; Morana, 2000, 2002;Hyung and Franses, 2001; Baum et al., 2001), a more accurate modelling ofthe persistence properties of core inflation is also allowed in this framework.
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