IntroductionThe title of this chapter comes from an article byarchaeol terjemahan - IntroductionThe title of this chapter comes from an article byarchaeol Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

IntroductionThe title of this chapt

Introduction
The title of this chapter comes from an article by
archaeologist Albert Spaulding (1914–1990), who pointed
out that archaeology is all about patterns in artifact and
feature form through time and across space. We divide the
spatial and temporal continuum of reality into parcels of
space and time based on differences in material culture.
For example, the kinds of houses found in much of the
American Southwest at 2200 bp were semi-subterranean
pithouses, usually round, covered with heavy log roofs
and a layer of sod. They were warm in the winter and
cool in the summer. At the same time, but in a different
place—farther north in the Great Basin—houses were
more ephemeral, consisting of simple windbreaks or shade
structures for summer houses and conical log structures for
the winter. Returning to the Southwest, we see a dramatic
change in house form around 1300 bp. At that time, many
people lived in square, aboveground masonry homes—the
familiar pueblos—rather than pithouses. Back in the Great
Basin, however, people continued to live in the same sort of
houses they had occupied in 2200 bp. Archaeologists have
spent the greater part of the last century documenting such
patterns in how material culture changes through time and
across space; these patterns are what archaeologists seek to
explain. How we go about organizing data into meaningful
spatial and temporal patterns is the subject of this chapter.
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Introduction
The title of this chapter comes from an article by
archaeologist Albert Spaulding (1914–1990), who pointed
out that archaeology is all about patterns in artifact and
feature form through time and across space. We divide the
spatial and temporal continuum of reality into parcels of
space and time based on differences in material culture.
For example, the kinds of houses found in much of the
American Southwest at 2200 bp were semi-subterranean
pithouses, usually round, covered with heavy log roofs
and a layer of sod. They were warm in the winter and
cool in the summer. At the same time, but in a different
place—farther north in the Great Basin—houses were
more ephemeral, consisting of simple windbreaks or shade
structures for summer houses and conical log structures for
the winter. Returning to the Southwest, we see a dramatic
change in house form around 1300 bp. At that time, many
people lived in square, aboveground masonry homes—the
familiar pueblos—rather than pithouses. Back in the Great
Basin, however, people continued to live in the same sort of
houses they had occupied in 2200 bp. Archaeologists have
spent the greater part of the last century documenting such
patterns in how material culture changes through time and
across space; these patterns are what archaeologists seek to
explain. How we go about organizing data into meaningful
spatial and temporal patterns is the subject of this chapter.
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Pendahuluan
Judul bab ini berasal dari sebuah artikel oleh
arkeolog Albert Spaulding (1914-1990), yang menunjukkan
bahwa arkeologi adalah semua tentang pola artefak dan
bentuk fitur melalui waktu dan di seluruh ruang. Kami membagi
kontinum spasial dan temporal realitas ke bidang
ruang dan waktu berdasarkan perbedaan budaya material.
Sebagai contoh, jenis rumah yang ditemukan di sebagian besar
Southwest Amerika pada 2200 bp yang semi-bawah tanah
pithouses, biasanya bulat, ditutupi dengan atap log berat
dan lapisan tanah. Mereka adalah hangat di musim dingin dan
sejuk di musim panas. Pada saat yang sama, tetapi dalam berbagai
tempat-jauh ke utara di Great Basin-rumah yang
lebih singkat, terdiri dari penahan angin sederhana atau teduh
struktur untuk rumah musim panas dan struktur log kerucut untuk
musim dingin. Kembali ke Southwest, kita melihat dramatis
perubahan dalam bentuk rumah sekitar 1300 bp. Pada saat itu, banyak
orang tinggal di alun-alun, rumah-the batu di atas tanah
yang akrab pueblos-bukan pithouses. Kembali di Great
Basin, bagaimanapun, orang terus hidup dalam jenis yang sama
rumah mereka duduki pada 2200 bp. Para arkeolog telah
menghabiskan sebagian besar dari abad terakhir mendokumentasikan seperti
pola bagaimana materi budaya perubahan melalui waktu dan
di ruang; Pola ini adalah apa arkeolog berusaha untuk
menjelaskan. Bagaimana kita pergi tentang mengorganisir data ke bermakna
pola spasial dan temporal adalah subyek dari bab ini.
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