Although there is evidence of human

Although there is evidence of human habitation on the site of the Kremlin dating back to 500 BC, Moscow's history really begins around 1147, when Yuri Dolgoruky, Grand Duke of Kiev, built a wooden fort at the point where the Neglina and Moskva Rivers converge. The city grew rapidly and, despite being razed by the Mongols in 1208, was soon powerful enough to attain primacy among the Russian principalities, acknowledged in 1326 when the seat of the Russian Orthodox Church moved there from Vladimir.

At the same time, stone buildings began to appear in the Kremlin and, by the end of the 14th Century, the citadel was fortified with stone walls. Under Ivan the Great (1462 - 1505), the Kremlin became the centre of a unified Russian state, and was extensively remodelled, as befitted its new status. Meanwhile, Moscow spread outside the walls of the citadel, and the Kremlin became a world apart, the base of the twin powers of state and religion. This period saw the construction of the magnificent Cathedrals of the Assumption, the Annunciation and the Archangel, and the uniquely Russian Terem Palace, the royal residence. The addition of the Ivan the Great Bell Tower completed Sobornaya Square, and added to the imposing effect of the Kremlin skyline.

Ivan's descendents further developed and adapted the Kremlin complex and, even when Peter the Great moved the capital to St Petersburg, Russia's rulers continued to leave their mark on the medieval town. Peter himself built the Kremlin Arsenal, originally planned as a military museum and now occupied by a barracks, and the 18th and 19th centuries brought Neoclassical masterpieces such as the Senate Building and the Great Kremlin Palace. After the 1917 Revolution, the Kremlin regained its rightful place as the seat of the Russian government, and the legacy of the Communist era is still visible in the large red stars that top many of the defensive towers, and in the vast, modern State Kremlin Palace, originally the Palace of Congresses.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:

Meskipun ada bukti tempat tinggal manusia di situs Kremlin dating kembali ke 500 SM, sejarah Moskow benar-benar dimulai sekitar 1147, ketika Yuri Dolgoruky, Grand Duke of Kiev, membangun sebuah benteng kayu di titik di mana Neglina dan Moskva Rivers bertemu. Kota tumbuh pesat dan, meskipun dihancurkan oleh bangsa Mongol di 1208, segera cukup kuat untuk mencapai keunggulan di antara pemerintah-pemerintah Rusia, mengakui pada tahun 1326 ketika kursi Gereja Ortodoks Rusia pindah ke sana dari Vladimir. Pada saat yang sama, bangunan batu mulai muncul di Kremlin dan, pada akhir abad ke-14, benteng itu kuat dengan dinding batu. Di bawah Ivan Agung (1462 - 1505), Kremlin menjadi pusat dari negara Rusia bersatu, dan secara luas direnovasi, cocok statusnya baru. Sementara itu, Moskow menyebar di luar dinding benteng, dan Kremlin menjadi dunia yang terpisah, dasar kekuasaan kembar negara dan agama. Periode ini melihat pembangunan Katedral megah dari Assumption, Kabar Sukacita dan malaikat, dan unik Rusia Terem Palace, kediaman kerajaan. Penambahan Ivan Agung Bell Tower selesai Sobornaya Square, dan menambahkan efek mengesankan dari langit-langit Kremlin. Keturunan Ivan dikembangkan lebih lanjut dan disesuaikan kompleks Kremlin dan, bahkan ketika Peter Agung memindahkan ibukota ke St Petersburg, penguasa Rusia terus meninggalkan jejak mereka di kota abad pertengahan. Petrus sendiri dibangun Kremlin Arsenal, awalnya direncanakan sebagai museum militer dan sekarang diduduki oleh barak, dan abad ke-18 dan ke-19 membawa karya neoklasik seperti Gedung Senat dan Great Kremlin Palace. Setelah Revolusi 1917, Kremlin kembali tempat yang selayaknya sebagai kursi dari pemerintah Rusia, dan warisan dari era komunis masih terlihat di bintang merah besar yang atas banyak menara defensif, dan dalam luas, modern Negara Kremlin istana, awalnya Istana Kongres.