CALCIUM. Calcium ions (Ca) are used in the synthesis of new cell walls terjemahan - CALCIUM. Calcium ions (Ca) are used in the synthesis of new cell walls Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

CALCIUM. Calcium ions (Ca) are used

CALCIUM. Calcium ions (Ca) are used in the synthesis of new cell walls, particularly the middle lamellae that separate newly divided cells. Calcium is also used in the mitotic spindle during cell division. It is required for the normal functioning of plant membranes and has been implicated as a second messenger for various plant responses to both environmental and hormonal signals (Sanders et al. 1999). In its function as a second messenger, calcium may bind to calmodulin, a protein found in the cytosol of plant cells. The calmodulin–calcium complex regulates many metabolic processes.
Characteristic symptoms of calcium deficiency include necrosis of young meristematic regions, such as the tips of roots or young leaves, where cell division and wall formation are most rapid. Necrosis in slowly growing plants may be preceded by a general chlorosis and downward hooking of the young leaves. Young leaves may also appear deformed. The root system of a calcium-deficient plant may appear brownish, short, and highly branched. Severe stunting may result if the meristematic regions of the plant die prematurely.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1: [Salinan]
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CALCIUM. Calcium ions (Ca) are used in the synthesis of new cell walls, particularly the middle lamellae that separate newly divided cells. Calcium is also used in the mitotic spindle during cell division. It is required for the normal functioning of plant membranes and has been implicated as a second messenger for various plant responses to both environmental and hormonal signals (Sanders et al. 1999). In its function as a second messenger, calcium may bind to calmodulin, a protein found in the cytosol of plant cells. The calmodulin–calcium complex regulates many metabolic processes.Characteristic symptoms of calcium deficiency include necrosis of young meristematic regions, such as the tips of roots or young leaves, where cell division and wall formation are most rapid. Necrosis in slowly growing plants may be preceded by a general chlorosis and downward hooking of the young leaves. Young leaves may also appear deformed. The root system of a calcium-deficient plant may appear brownish, short, and highly branched. Severe stunting may result if the meristematic regions of the plant die prematurely.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
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KALSIUM. Ion kalsium (Ca) yang digunakan dalam sintesis dinding sel baru, terutama lamellae tengah yang memisahkan sel-sel baru dibagi. Kalsium juga digunakan dalam gelendong mitosis selama pembelahan sel. Hal ini diperlukan untuk fungsi normal dari membran tanaman dan telah terlibat sebagai utusan kedua untuk berbagai respon tanaman untuk kedua sinyal lingkungan dan hormonal (Sanders et al. 1999). Dalam fungsinya sebagai utusan kedua, kalsium dapat mengikat calmodulin, protein yang ditemukan dalam sitosol sel tumbuhan. The kalmodulin-kalsium kompleks mengatur banyak proses metabolisme.
Gejala Karakteristik kekurangan kalsium termasuk nekrosis daerah meristematik muda, seperti ujung akar atau daun muda, di mana pembelahan sel dan pembentukan dinding yang paling cepat. Nekrosis pada tanaman perlahan-lahan tumbuh dapat didahului oleh klorosis umum dan hooking ke bawah dari daun muda. Daun muda juga dapat muncul cacat. Sistem akar dari tanaman kekurangan calcium mungkin muncul kecoklatan, pendek, dan bercabang. Stunting berat dapat terjadi jika daerah meristematik tanaman mati sebelum waktunya.
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