There are a vast number of self-report personality measures available. terjemahan - There are a vast number of self-report personality measures available. Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

There are a vast number of self-rep

There are a vast number of self-report
personality measures available.
Generally speaking, these measures
are based on the assumption that “…
individuals are characterized by stable,
distinctive, and highly meaningful
patterns of variability in their actions,
thoughts, and feelings across different
types of situations. These if … then …
situation-behavior relationships provide
a kind of ‘behavioral signature of
personality’ that identifies the individual
and maps on to the impressions formed
by observers about what they are
like” (Mischel, 2004, p. 8). This quote
provides a good working definition
of personality. The aim of the many
available personality measures should be
then to provide a method for measuring
individual differences in these distinct
and highly meaningful patterns of
variation, differences in other words,
across people in their personality traits.
This study is the second in a series
of manuscripts validating a short-form
six-factor self-report measure of the
six major dimensions of personality
for use in the New Zealand context.
This measure is known as the Mini-
IPIP6 (Sibley et al., 2011). The scale
extends the previous five-factor Mini-
IPIP inventory initially developed by
Donnellan, Oswald, Baird, and Lucas
(2006). In this paper I present an
analysis of the item discrimination and
difficulty parameters for the Mini-IPIP6
using Item Response Theory (Samejima,
1969). As I outline below, unlike
classical psychometric assessment,
Item Response Theory examines the
extent to which a set of items provide
well-distributed measurement precision
across different levels of the latent trait
they measure. This study provides, for
the first time, a detailed assessment of the
response parameters for a public domain
short-form measure of personality
validated for use in New Zealand. To do
so I analyse Mini-IPIP6 scores from the
first wave of the New Zealand Attitudes
and Values Study. This is a nationally
representative longitudinal study of
around 6000 New Zealanders.
What is Personality?
Previous research has typically
identified five distinct factors, or broad
clusters of related traits and behavioural
tendencies, which constitute distinct
latent dimensions of personality. These
five broad-bandwidth dimensions
of personality were synthesized and
organized into a general framework by
Goldberg (1981) who coined the term
‘Big-Five’ (see also Goldberg, 1990).
This Big-Five model of personality
contains the following factors: (1)
Extraversion, (2) Agreeableness, (3)
Conscientiousness, (4) Neuroticism,
and (5) Openness to Experience. More
recently, Ashton and Lee (2001, 2007,
2009) have made a compelling argument
for an extended ‘Big-Six’ model of
personality which adds an additional
dimension to the mix: (6) Honesty-
Humility. A descriptive summary of the
core content and example traits for these
different dimensions of personality is
presented in Table 1.
Following from the general
definition of personality by Mischel
(2004) with which I began this
manuscript; these six dimensions of
personality reflect six distinct and ‘highly
meaningful patterns of variability in
people’s actions, thoughts, and feelings.’
Why these six dimensions specifically?
Evolutionary theory suggests that what
we refer to as personality should reflect
variation in behavioural systems or ways
of acting that were equally adaptive for
our species in different ecological niches
(MacDonald, 1995, 1998; Nettle, 2006).
Personality should reflect those traits in
our species where it was sometimes the
individuals high in the trait that had an
adaptive advantage, but equally often
in other situations, it was individuals
low in the trait that had an adaptive
advantage. Overall therefore, the traits
had balanced selection pressures and
this resulted in species-wide va
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There are a vast number of self-report personality measures available. Generally speaking, these measures are based on the assumption that “…individuals are characterized by stable, distinctive, and highly meaningful patterns of variability in their actions, thoughts, and feelings across different types of situations. These if … then … situation-behavior relationships provide a kind of ‘behavioral signature of personality’ that identifies the individual and maps on to the impressions formed by observers about what they are like” (Mischel, 2004, p. 8). This quote provides a good working definition of personality. The aim of the many available personality measures should be then to provide a method for measuring individual differences in these distinct and highly meaningful patterns of variation, differences in other words, across people in their personality traits. This study is the second in a series of manuscripts validating a short-form six-factor self-report measure of the six major dimensions of personality for use in the New Zealand context. This measure is known as the Mini-IPIP6 (Sibley et al., 2011). The scale extends the previous five-factor Mini-IPIP inventory initially developed by Donnellan, Oswald, Baird, and Lucas (2006). In this paper I present an analysis of the item discrimination and difficulty parameters for the Mini-IPIP6 using Item Response Theory (Samejima, 1969). As I outline below, unlike classical psychometric assessment, Item Response Theory examines the extent to which a set of items provide well-distributed measurement precision across different levels of the latent trait they measure. This study provides, for the first time, a detailed assessment of the response parameters for a public domain short-form measure of personality validated for use in New Zealand. To do so I analyse Mini-IPIP6 scores from the first wave of the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study. This is a nationally representative longitudinal study of around 6000 New Zealanders. What is Personality?Previous research has typically identified five distinct factors, or broad clusters of related traits and behavioural tendencies, which constitute distinct latent dimensions of personality. These five broad-bandwidth dimensions of personality were synthesized and organized into a general framework by Goldberg (1981) who coined the term ‘Big-Five’ (see also Goldberg, 1990). This Big-Five model of personality contains the following factors: (1) Extraversion, (2) Agreeableness, (3) Conscientiousness, (4) Neuroticism, and (5) Openness to Experience. More recently, Ashton and Lee (2001, 2007, 2009) have made a compelling argument for an extended ‘Big-Six’ model of personality which adds an additional dimension to the mix: (6) Honesty-Humility. A descriptive summary of the core content and example traits for these different dimensions of personality is presented in Table 1.Following from the general definition of personality by Mischel (2004) with which I began this manuscript; these six dimensions of personality reflect six distinct and ‘highly meaningful patterns of variability in people’s actions, thoughts, and feelings.’ Why these six dimensions specifically? Evolutionary theory suggests that what we refer to as personality should reflect variation in behavioural systems or ways of acting that were equally adaptive for our species in different ecological niches (MacDonald, 1995, 1998; Nettle, 2006). Personality should reflect those traits in our species where it was sometimes the individuals high in the trait that had an adaptive advantage, but equally often in other situations, it was individuals low in the trait that had an adaptive advantage. Overall therefore, the traits had balanced selection pressures and this resulted in species-wide va
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Ada sejumlah besar laporan diri
tindakan kepribadian yang tersedia.
Secara umum, langkah-langkah ini
didasarkan pada asumsi bahwa "...
individu yang ditandai dengan stabil,
khas, dan sangat bermakna
pola variabilitas dalam tindakan mereka,
pikiran, dan perasaan di berbagai
jenis situasi. Ini jika ... maka ...
hubungan situasi-perilaku memberikan
semacam 'signature perilaku
kepribadian' yang mengidentifikasi individu
dan peta untuk tayangan dibentuk
oleh pengamat tentang apa yang mereka
seperti "(Mischel, 2004, hal. 8). Kutipan ini
memberikan definisi kerja yang baik
kepribadian. Tujuan dari banyak
langkah-langkah kepribadian yang tersedia harus
kemudian memberikan sebuah metode untuk mengukur
perbedaan individu dalam ini berbeda
pola dan sangat bermakna dari
variasi, perbedaan dalam kata lain,
seluruh orang di ciri-ciri kepribadian mereka.
Penelitian ini adalah yang kedua dalam serangkaian
dari naskah memvalidasi pendek-bentuk
enam faktor laporan diri ukuran dari
enam dimensi utama kepribadian
untuk digunakan dalam konteks Selandia Baru.
Langkah ini dikenal sebagai Mini
IPIP6 (Sibley et al., 2011). Skala
meluas sebelumnya lima faktor Mini
persediaan IPIP awalnya dikembangkan oleh
Donnellan, Oswald, Baird, dan Lucas
(2006). Dalam tulisan ini saya menyajikan
analisis diskriminasi barang dan
parameter kesulitan untuk Mini-IPIP6
menggunakan Barang Response Theory (Samejima,
1969). Seperti yang saya garis bawah, tidak seperti
penilaian psikometri klasik,
teori respon butir meneliti
sejauh mana satu set item menyediakan
pengukuran presisi yang didistribusikan
di berbagai tingkat sifat laten
mereka mengukur. Studi ini memberikan, untuk
pertama kalinya, penilaian rinci dari
parameter respon untuk domain publik
pendek-bentuk ukuran kepribadian
divalidasi untuk digunakan di Selandia Baru. Untuk melakukan
jadi saya menganalisis skor Mini-IPIP6 dari
gelombang pertama dari Sikap Selandia Baru
dan Nilai Study. Ini adalah nasional
studi longitudinal perwakilan dari
sekitar 6000 Selandia Baru.
Apa Kepribadian?
Penelitian sebelumnya telah biasanya
mengidentifikasi lima faktor yang berbeda, atau luas
cluster sifat terkait dan perilaku
kecenderungan, yang merupakan berbeda
dimensi laten kepribadian. Ini
lima dimensi yang luas bandwidth
kepribadian yang disintesis dan
disusun dalam kerangka umum oleh
Goldberg (1981) yang menciptakan istilah
'Big-Five' (lihat juga Goldberg, 1990).
Model Big-Five kepribadian
mengandung faktor-faktor berikut: (1)
Extraversion, (2) Keramahan, (3)
Conscientiousness, (4) Neuroticism,
dan (5) Keterbukaan terhadap Pengalaman. Lebih
baru-baru ini, Ashton dan Lee (2001, 2007,
2009) telah membuat argumen
untuk 'Big-Six' Model diperpanjang
kepribadian yang menambahkan tambahan
dimensi ke dalam campuran: (6) Honesty-
Kerendahan hati. Ringkasan deskriptif dari
konten dan contoh sifat-sifat inti untuk ini
dimensi yang berbeda dari kepribadian
disajikan pada Tabel 1.
Setelah dari umum
definisi kepribadian oleh Mischel
(2004) dengan yang saya mulai ini
naskah; enam dimensi
kepribadian mencerminkan enam 'yang sangat berbeda dan
pola bermakna dari variabilitas dalam
tindakan, pikiran, dan perasaan orang.'
Kenapa enam dimensi khusus?
Teori evolusi menyatakan bahwa apa yang
kita sebut sebagai kepribadian harus mencerminkan
variasi dalam sistem perilaku atau cara
dari akting yang sama-sama adaptif untuk
spesies kita di relung ekologi yang berbeda
(MacDonald, 1995, 1998; Nettle, 2006).
Kepribadian harus mencerminkan sifat-sifat di
spesies kita di mana itu kadang-kadang
individu yang tinggi dalam sifat yang memiliki
keuntungan adaptif, tapi sama sering
dalam situasi lain, itu individu
rendah dalam sifat yang memiliki adaptif
keuntungan. Secara keseluruhan karena itu, ciri-ciri
memiliki tekanan seleksi yang seimbang dan
ini mengakibatkan spesies-lebar va
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