SymbolsAs human wrestle with the meanings of their material environmen terjemahan - SymbolsAs human wrestle with the meanings of their material environmen Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

SymbolsAs human wrestle with the me

Symbols
As human wrestle with the meanings of their material environment, we attempt to
represent our ideas to others. We translate what we see and think into symbols. A
symbol is anything—an idea, a marking, a thing—that carries additional meanings
beyond itself to others who share in the culture. Symbols come to mean what they
do only in a culture; they would have no meaning to someone outside. Take, for example,
one of the most familiar symbols of all, the cross. If one is Christian, the cross
carries
with it certain meanings. But to someone else, it might be simply a decoration
or
a reference to the means of execution in the Roman era. And to some who have
seen
crosses burning on their lawns, they may be a symbol of terror.
That’s
what we
mean
when we say that symbols take on their meaning only inside culture.
Symbols are representations of ideas or feelings. In a single image, a symbol suggests
and stands in for something more complex and involved. A heart stands for love;
a red ribbon signifies AIDS awareness and solidarity; the bald eagle represents the
American national character.
Symbols can be created at any time. Witness the recent and now widely known
red AIDS ribbon or the pink ribbon for breast cancer awareness. But many symbols
developed over centuries and in relative isolation from one another. In the case of
older symbols, the same ones may mean completely different things in different cultures.
For example, the color red means passion, aggression, or danger in the United
States
while it signifies purity in India and is a symbol of celebration and luck in
China.
White symbolizes purity in the West,
but in Eastern cultures is the color of
mourning
and death.
Symbols are not always universally shared, and many cultural conflicts in society
are over the meaning and appropriateness of certain symbols. Consider flags, for
example.
Many people around the world feel deeply patriotic at the sight of their
nation’s
flag. My grandfather would actually often weep when he saw the American
flag
because it reminded him of his family’s
arduous journey to this country as an
immigrant
and the men who fought and died alongside him in World
War
I. Flags are
important
symbols and are displayed at solemn ceremonial moments and at festivals
and
sports events. Is burning the American flag
a
protected form of speech, a way for Americans
to express their dissent from certain policies,
or is it the deliberate destruction of the
symbol
of the nation, tantamount to an act of
treason? And what about waving the flag of a
different nation, like the one where your ancestors
may have come from? To
some, it’s
harmless,
an expression of ethnic pride, like waving
Irish
flags on St. Patrick’s
Day; but others think
it
borders on treason, like waving the flag of
the
former Soviet Union or the Iraqi flag at a
demonstration.
To
some, waving the Confederate
flag is a symbol of civic pride, or of Southern
heritage, while to others the Confederate
flag
is a symbol of racism.
These examples illustrate how symbols can
often become politicized, endowed with meaning
by different groups, and used as forms of
political
speech. Symbols elicit powerful emotions
because they express the emotional foundations
of our culture
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SymbolsAs human wrestle with the meanings of their material environment, we attempt torepresent our ideas to others. We translate what we see and think into symbols. Asymbol is anything—an idea, a marking, a thing—that carries additional meaningsbeyond itself to others who share in the culture. Symbols come to mean what theydo only in a culture; they would have no meaning to someone outside. Take, for example,one of the most familiar symbols of all, the cross. If one is Christian, the crosscarrieswith it certain meanings. But to someone else, it might be simply a decorationora reference to the means of execution in the Roman era. And to some who haveseencrosses burning on their lawns, they may be a symbol of terror.That’swhat wemeanwhen we say that symbols take on their meaning only inside culture.Symbols are representations of ideas or feelings. In a single image, a symbol suggestsand stands in for something more complex and involved. A heart stands for love;a red ribbon signifies AIDS awareness and solidarity; the bald eagle represents theAmerican national character.Symbols can be created at any time. Witness the recent and now widely knownred AIDS ribbon or the pink ribbon for breast cancer awareness. But many symbolsdeveloped over centuries and in relative isolation from one another. In the case ofolder symbols, the same ones may mean completely different things in different cultures.For example, the color red means passion, aggression, or danger in the UnitedStateswhile it signifies purity in India and is a symbol of celebration and luck inChina.White symbolizes purity in the West,but in Eastern cultures is the color ofmourningand death.Symbols are not always universally shared, and many cultural conflicts in societyare over the meaning and appropriateness of certain symbols. Consider flags, forexample.Many people around the world feel deeply patriotic at the sight of theirnation’sflag. My grandfather would actually often weep when he saw the Americanflagbecause it reminded him of his family’sarduous journey to this country as animmigrantand the men who fought and died alongside him in WorldWarI. Flags areimportantsymbols and are displayed at solemn ceremonial moments and at festivalsandsports events. Is burning the American flagaprotected form of speech, a way for Americansto express their dissent from certain policies,or is it the deliberate destruction of thesymbolof the nation, tantamount to an act oftreason? And what about waving the flag of adifferent nation, like the one where your ancestorsmay have come from? Tosome, it’sharmless,an expression of ethnic pride, like wavingIrishflags on St. Patrick’sDay; but others thinkitborders on treason, like waving the flag oftheformer Soviet Union or the Iraqi flag at ademonstration.Tosome, waving the Confederateflag is a symbol of civic pride, or of Southernheritage, while to others the Confederateflagis a symbol of racism.These examples illustrate how symbols canoften become politicized, endowed with meaningby different groups, and used as forms ofpoliticalspeech. Symbols elicit powerful emotionsbecause they express the emotional foundationsof our culture
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
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Simbol
Seperti menggeluti manusia dengan arti lingkungan materi mereka, kami mencoba untuk
mewakili ide-ide kita kepada orang lain. Kami menerjemahkan apa yang kita lihat dan berpikir menjadi simbol. Sebuah
simbol sesuatu-ide, menandai, hal-yang membawa makna tambahan
di luar dirinya untuk orang lain yang berbagi dalam budaya. Simbol datang berarti apa yang mereka
lakukan hanya dalam budaya; mereka akan memiliki makna untuk seseorang di luar. Ambil, misalnya,
salah satu simbol yang paling akrab semua, salib. Jika salah satu adalah Kristen, salib
membawa
dengan itu arti tertentu. Tetapi untuk orang lain, mungkin hanya hiasan
atau
referensi ke alat eksekusi di era Romawi. Dan untuk beberapa orang yang telah
melihat
salib menyala di halaman rumput mereka, mereka mungkin menjadi simbol teror.
Itulah
apa yang kita
maksudkan
ketika kita mengatakan bahwa simbol mengambil makna mereka hanya di dalam budaya.
Simbol adalah representasi dari ide-ide atau perasaan. Dalam satu gambar, simbol menyarankan
dan berdiri di untuk sesuatu yang lebih kompleks dan terlibat. Jantung Sebuah singkatan cinta;
pita merah menandakan kesadaran AIDS dan solidaritas; elang botak mewakili
karakter nasional Amerika.
Simbol dapat dibuat setiap saat. Menyaksikan baru-baru ini dan sekarang dikenal luas
pita AIDS merah atau pita pink untuk kesadaran kanker payudara. Tapi banyak simbol
yang dikembangkan selama berabad-abad dan di isolasi relatif dari satu sama lain. Dalam kasus
simbol tua, orang yang sama mungkin berarti hal yang sama sekali berbeda dalam budaya yang berbeda.
Misalnya, warna merah berarti gairah, agresi, atau bahaya di Amerika
Serikat
sementara itu menandakan kemurnian di India dan merupakan simbol perayaan dan keberuntungan di
Cina.
Putih melambangkan kemurnian di Barat,
tetapi dalam budaya Timur adalah warna
berkabung
dan kematian.
Simbol tidak selalu universal bersama, dan banyak konflik budaya di masyarakat
lebih makna dan ketepatan simbol-simbol tertentu. Pertimbangkan bendera, untuk
misalnya.
Banyak orang di seluruh dunia merasa sangat patriotik saat melihat mereka
bangsa
bendera. Kakek saya benar-benar akan sering menangis ketika melihat Amerika
bendera
karena mengingatkannya pada keluarganya
perjalanan yang sulit ke negara ini sebagai
imigran
dan orang-orang yang berjuang dan mati bersama dia di Dunia
Perang
I. Bendera yang
penting
simbol dan ditampilkan pada saat-saat upacara khidmat dan pada festival
dan
acara olahraga. Apakah pembakaran bendera Amerika
yang
bentuk dilindungi dari pidato, cara bagi Amerika
untuk mengekspresikan perbedaan pendapat mereka dari kebijakan tertentu,
atau itu penghancuran disengaja dari
simbol
bangsa, sama saja dengan tindakan
pengkhianatan? Dan bagaimana melambaikan bendera dari
negara yang berbeda, seperti yang di mana nenek moyang Anda
mungkin telah datang? Untuk
beberapa, itu
tidak berbahaya,
ekspresi kebanggaan etnis, seperti melambaikan
Irlandia
bendera di St Patrick
Day; tetapi yang lain berpikir
itu
berbatasan dengan pengkhianatan, seperti melambaikan bendera
yang
bekas Uni Soviet atau bendera Irak pada
demonstrasi.
Untuk
beberapa, melambaikan Konfederasi
bendera merupakan simbol kebanggaan warga, atau dari Southern
warisan, sementara orang lain Konfederasi
bendera
adalah simbol rasisme.
Contoh-contoh ini menggambarkan bagaimana simbol dapat
sering dipolitisasi, diberkahi dengan makna
oleh kelompok-kelompok yang berbeda, dan digunakan sebagai bentuk
politik
pidato. Simbol menimbulkan emosi yang kuat
karena mereka mengungkapkan dasar-dasar emosional
dari budaya kita
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