Interest in the balanced scorecard continues to grow. However, propone terjemahan - Interest in the balanced scorecard continues to grow. However, propone Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Interest in the balanced scorecard

Interest in the balanced scorecard continues to grow. However, proponents, adopters,
and researchers know very little about the human information processing demands of the
Lipe and Salterio—Balanced Scorecard: Judgmental Effects 297
BSC. Judgment and decision-making research indicates that humans use simplifying decision
strategies that are affected by task characteristics. We investigated the effect on
performance judgments of the BSC’s inclusion of diverse measures. Our experimental
participants succumbed to the simplifying strategy of using only common measures in
evaluating multiple managers.9 If unique measures are underweighted in ex post evaluations
of the business unit and its manager, these measures are likely to receive little ex ante
weight in the unit’s decisions (Holmstrom and Milgrom 1991). This focus on common
measures undermines one of the major espoused benefits of the BSC, namely, that each
business unit will have and use a scorecard that uniquely captures its business strategy.


Dependent Measure
All subjects evaluated the manager of RadWear as well as the manager of WorkWear.
We want to determine whether performance on common and unique measures affects subjects’
evaluations of the division managers. If common measures affect these evaluations,
we will observe an interaction of division and common measures. If unique measures affect
these evaluations, we will find an interaction of division and unique measures.


This study shows that unique measures in a business unit’s BSC may be underweighted
in performance evaluation. This section describes implications of this result, acknowledges
some limitations of the study, and discusses special research challenges arising in studies
of real-world accounting and management phenomena.


Our experimental design has limitations. First, our experimental participants were not
involved in development of the units’ scorecards. Thus, we are unable to investigate the
effect of such involvement, although greater involvement might increase reliance on all the
BSC measures, including the unique measures. However, our experiment captures the hierarchical
nature of business organizations where higher-level managers evaluate lower-level
unit managers, and these higher-level managers are not directly involved in unit BSC development.
A second limitation is that our participants may have been novices in the use
of the BSC, and they did not necessarily have business experience in the retail and apparel
sector from which we developed our case materials. Third, although our experiment carefully
controlled performance on common and unique measures, it is possible that the perceived
performance relative to the targets differed for the various groups of measures. While
our pilot tests and manipulation checks did not reveal any such problems, this possibility
cannot be ruled out.

Our evidence concerning the disregard or underuse of unique measures in evaluating
business unit performance has two major implications. First, our evidence that unique
measures are disregarded in the ex post performance evaluation of a business unit’s manager
has significant implications for the unit manager’s ex ante decision-making strategy.
Holmstrom and Milgrom (1991) show analytically that agents’ decisions are affected by
items that are included in their performance evaluation and compensation. They also show
that items not included in evaluation and compensation of an agent will have little effect
on the agent’s decisions. Psychological research (e.g., McNamara and Fisch 1964) has
shown this same result experimentally. Thus, our results suggest that common measures
that drive the unit managers’ evaluations will have more effect on unit managers’ decisions
than will the unique measures that are not used in the evaluations.8
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1: [Salinan]
Disalin!
Minat dalam balanced scorecard terus tumbuh. Namun, para pendukung, pengadopsi,
dan peneliti tahu sedikit tentang informasi manusia tuntutan pengolahan
Lipe dan Salterio — Balanced Scorecard: menghakimi efek 297
BSC. Penghakiman dan pengambilan keputusan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manusia menggunakan penyederhanaan keputusan
strategi yang dipengaruhi oleh tugas karakteristik. Kita menyelidiki efek pada
penilaian kinerja BSC dimasukkannya langkah-langkah yang beragam. Kami eksperimental
peserta menyerah strategi penyederhanaan menggunakan hanya langkah-langkah umum di
mengevaluasi beberapa managers.9 jika langkah-langkah yang unik underweighted di ex post evaluasi
unit bisnis dan pengelola, langkah-langkah mungkin untuk menerima sedikit ex ante
berat unit keputusan (Holmstrom dan Milgrom 1991). Ini fokus pada common
tindakan merusak salah satu manfaat utama espoused BSC, yaitu, bahwa setiap
unit bisnis akan memiliki dan menggunakan scorecard yang unik menangkap strategi bisnis its.


tergantung ukuran
semua mata pelajaran dievaluasi manajer RadWear serta manajer WorkWear.
Kami ingin menentukan apakah kinerja pada langkah-langkah Umum dan unik mempengaruhi subyek
evaluasi dari manajer Divisi. Jika langkah-langkah umum mempengaruhi evaluasi ini,
kita akan mengamati interaksi Divisi dan langkah-langkah umum. Jika langkah-langkah yang unik mempengaruhi
evaluasi ini, kita akan menemukan interaksi Divisi dan langkah-langkah unik.


Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa langkah-langkah yang unik di sebuah unit bisnis BSC mungkin underweighted
dalam evaluasi kinerja. Bagian ini menjelaskan implikasi dari hasil ini, mengakui
beberapa keterbatasan penelitian, dan membahas tantangan-tantangan khusus yang timbul dalam studi
dunia nyata akuntansi dan manajemen fenomena.


desain eksperimental kami memiliki keterbatasan. Pertama, peserta percobaan kami bukanlah
terlibat dalam pengembangan unit-unit Scorecard. Dengan demikian, kita tidak mampu menyelidiki
efek keterlibatan tersebut, meskipun keterlibatan mungkin meningkatkan ketergantungan pada semua
BSC langkah-langkah, termasuk langkah-langkah yang unik. Namun, percobaan kami menangkap hirarkis
sifat organisasi bisnis mana tingkat yang lebih tinggi manajer mengevaluasi tingkat rendah
Manajer unit, dan manajer tingkat yang lebih tinggi ini tidak secara langsung terlibat dalam unit pengembangan BSC.
pembatasan kedua adalah bahwa peserta kami mungkin telah pemula dalam penggunaan
BSC, dan mereka tidak selalu memiliki pengalaman dalam ritel dan pakaian bisnis
sektor yang kami mengembangkan bahan-bahan kasus kami. Ketiga, meskipun percobaan kami dengan hati-hati
dikendalikan kinerja pada langkah-langkah Umum dan unik, sangat mungkin yang dirasakan
performa relatif terhadap sasaran yang berbeda untuk berbagai kelompok tindakan. Sementara
tes pilot dan manipulasi cek kami tidak mengungkapkan masalah tersebut, kemungkinan ini
tidak dapat memerintah out.

bukti-bukti kami tentang mengabaikan atau underuse langkah-langkah yang unik dalam mengevaluasi
kinerja unit bisnis yang memiliki dua implikasi yang besar. Pertama, bukti-bukti kita unik
langkah-langkah yang dihitung dalam ex posting evaluasi kinerja dari manajer unit bisnis
memiliki implikasi signifikan untuk manajer unit di ex ante pengambilan keputusan strategi.
Holmstrom dan Milgrom (1991) menunjukkan analitis bahwa agen keputusan dipengaruhi oleh
item yang termasuk dalam evaluasi kinerja dan kompensasi. Mereka juga menunjukkan
bahwa barang-barang yang tidak disertakan dalam evaluasi dan kompensasi agen akan memiliki sedikit efek
agen keputusan. Penelitian psikologis (misalnya, McNamara dan Fisch 1964) telah
menunjukkan hasil yang sama ini secara eksperimental. Dengan demikian, hasil kami menunjukkan langkah-langkah umum bahwa
yang mendorong unit evaluasi manajer akan memiliki efek lebih pada unit manajer keputusan
daripada langkah-langkah yang unik yang tidak digunakan dalam evaluations.8
Sedang diterjemahkan, harap tunggu..
Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
Disalin!
Interest in the balanced scorecard continues to grow. However, proponents, adopters,
and researchers know very little about the human information processing demands of the
Lipe and Salterio—Balanced Scorecard: Judgmental Effects 297
BSC. Judgment and decision-making research indicates that humans use simplifying decision
strategies that are affected by task characteristics. We investigated the effect on
performance judgments of the BSC’s inclusion of diverse measures. Our experimental
participants succumbed to the simplifying strategy of using only common measures in
evaluating multiple managers.9 If unique measures are underweighted in ex post evaluations
of the business unit and its manager, these measures are likely to receive little ex ante
weight in the unit’s decisions (Holmstrom and Milgrom 1991). This focus on common
measures undermines one of the major espoused benefits of the BSC, namely, that each
business unit will have and use a scorecard that uniquely captures its business strategy.


Dependent Measure
All subjects evaluated the manager of RadWear as well as the manager of WorkWear.
We want to determine whether performance on common and unique measures affects subjects’
evaluations of the division managers. If common measures affect these evaluations,
we will observe an interaction of division and common measures. If unique measures affect
these evaluations, we will find an interaction of division and unique measures.


This study shows that unique measures in a business unit’s BSC may be underweighted
in performance evaluation. This section describes implications of this result, acknowledges
some limitations of the study, and discusses special research challenges arising in studies
of real-world accounting and management phenomena.


Our experimental design has limitations. First, our experimental participants were not
involved in development of the units’ scorecards. Thus, we are unable to investigate the
effect of such involvement, although greater involvement might increase reliance on all the
BSC measures, including the unique measures. However, our experiment captures the hierarchical
nature of business organizations where higher-level managers evaluate lower-level
unit managers, and these higher-level managers are not directly involved in unit BSC development.
A second limitation is that our participants may have been novices in the use
of the BSC, and they did not necessarily have business experience in the retail and apparel
sector from which we developed our case materials. Third, although our experiment carefully
controlled performance on common and unique measures, it is possible that the perceived
performance relative to the targets differed for the various groups of measures. While
our pilot tests and manipulation checks did not reveal any such problems, this possibility
cannot be ruled out.

Our evidence concerning the disregard or underuse of unique measures in evaluating
business unit performance has two major implications. First, our evidence that unique
measures are disregarded in the ex post performance evaluation of a business unit’s manager
has significant implications for the unit manager’s ex ante decision-making strategy.
Holmstrom and Milgrom (1991) show analytically that agents’ decisions are affected by
items that are included in their performance evaluation and compensation. They also show
that items not included in evaluation and compensation of an agent will have little effect
on the agent’s decisions. Psychological research (e.g., McNamara and Fisch 1964) has
shown this same result experimentally. Thus, our results suggest that common measures
that drive the unit managers’ evaluations will have more effect on unit managers’ decisions
than will the unique measures that are not used in the evaluations.8
Sedang diterjemahkan, harap tunggu..
 
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