13. The profit-maximizing level of

13. The profit-maximizing level of labor and output is achieved where VMP w L = . Here,
( )( ) ( ) ( ) 1/ 2 1 2 1/ 2 2 $100 4 $400 L VMP L L − − = = and w = $100 per day. Solving yields L
= 16. The profit-maximizing level of output is Q = 2(4)1 2 (16)1 2 = 16 units. The
firm’s fixed costs are $10,000, its variable costs are $100(16) = $1,600, and its total
revenues are $200(16) = $3,200. Profits are $3,200 – $11,600 = – $8,400. The firm is
suffering a loss, but the loss is lower than the $10,000 that would be lost if the firm
shut down its operation.
15. Table 5-3 provides some useful information for making your decision. According to
the VMPL = w rule, you should hire five units of labor and produce 90 units of output
to maximize profits. Your fixed costs are ($10)(5) = $50, your variable costs are
($50)(5) =$250, and your revenues are ($5)(90) = $450. Thus, your maximum profits
are $450 - $300 = $150
19. To maximize profits the firm should continue adding workers so long as the value
marginal product of labor exceeds the wage. The value marginal product of labor is
defined as the marginal product of labor times the price of output. Here, output sells
for $50 per panel, so the value marginal product of the third worker is $50(290) =
$14,500. Table 5-4 summarizes the VMPL for each choice of labor. Since the wage is
$7,000, the profit maximizing number of workers is 4.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

13. memaksimalkan laba tingkat Ketenagakerjaan dan output dicapai mana VMP w L =. Sini() () () () 1 / 2 1 2 1 / 2 2 $100 4 $400 L VMP L L − − == dan w = $100 per hari. Memecahkan hasil L= 16. Memaksimalkan laba tingkat output adalah Q = 2 (4) 1 2 (16) 1 2 = 16 unit. Thebiaya tetap perusahaan adalah $10.000, biaya variabel $100(16) = $1600, dan totalnyapendapatan yang $200(16) = $3.200. Keuntungan adalah $3.200-$11,600 = – $8.400. Perusahaan inimenderita kerugian, tetapi kerugian lebih rendah dari $10.000 yang akan hilang jika perusahaanmenutup operasinya.15. Tabel 5-3 menyediakan beberapa informasi yang berguna untuk membuat keputusan Anda. MenurutVMPL = w aturan, Anda harus menyewa lima unit kerja dan menghasilkan 90 unit outputuntuk memaksimalkan keuntungan. Biaya Anda tetap ($10)(5) = $50, Anda variabel biaya($50)(5) = $250, dan pendapatan Anda ($5)(90) = $450. Dengan demikian, Anda keuntungan maksimumadalah $450 - $300 = $15019. untuk memaksimalkan keuntungan perusahaan harus terus menambahkan pekerja begitu lama sebagai nilaimarjinal produk kerja melebihi upah. Nilai produk marjinal tenaga kerjadidefinisikan sebagai produk marjinal tenaga kerja kali harga output. Di sini, output menjualuntuk $50 per panel, jadi nilai produk marjinal pekerja ketiga adalah $50(290) =$14.500. Tabel 5-4 meringkas VMPL untuk setiap pilihan tenaga kerja. Karena upah$7.000, keuntungan memaksimalkan jumlah pekerja adalah 4.