They concluded the predictors of ch

They concluded the predictors of changes in these outcomes were mainly work-related
variables such as job interference with family, work psychological demands, job influence
and hours worked . Most of the recent researches have concentrated on problems of the elbow,
hands and wrists. High risk jobs require repeated, forceful movements of body parts held at
the extremes of their ranges of movements, such as with the wrist flexed, extended and
promoted. Clay making and moulding work is an important activity, which decides the quality & finish of bricks that requires hard and long hours of workin similar positions and postures. These
postures can irritate soft tissues such as muscles,ligaments and spinal discs. They sit on the
ground as shown in figure 2, which leads to great pressure on different body parts such as leg,
knee, thigh, back, spinal cord and on shoulders & feet as well. this posture can lead to contact
stress on the popliteal fold (back of the knees) and pooling of blood in the feet. These
awkward postures can cause fatigue and discomfort and place the worker at risk of
developing a work related MSD . Our survey showed workers in rimming and clay making
process complained of back, leg, ankle, heel and foot pain from the long hours of standing.
Results also showed the knee problems exposed to the workers as a result of extreme postures
lifting loads and long hours of work . The above-said problems can be prevented by properly designing the job or work station and selecting the appropriate tools or equipment for that job. NIOSH recommends using the following guidelines in jobs requiring manual handling:
1. Lift loads from appropriate (knuckle)height
2. Keep the travel distance for the lift to less than 10 feet
3. Minimize twisting
4. Appropriate engineering controls, such as work station, tool, and
5. equipment design or redesign.
6. Work practices, such as proper lifting techniques and
7. Keeping work areas clean
8. Administrative controls, such as worker rotation, more task variety, and increased rest breaks
4. Conclusions
The workers suffer from multiple musculoskeletal problems that significantly impair their
activities of daily living. As our understanding from the study, the workers engaged in the
clay and mould making processes were exposed to more discomfort/pain as compared to the
Workers involved in rimming & clay process and brick drying &burning process. Reasons
could be Kiln layout and poor infrastructure, due to improper work plan. In practice, the
adoption of appropriate postures and handling practices depends on the amount of functional
space, presence of appropriate tools and equipment and quality of care. Each Brick kiln needs
a comprehensive ergonomic plan and the necessary resources to support the same. The net
effect of these factors can improve the prevention of healthcare risks among Brick Kiln
workers and improve self productivity of workers.