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UNDERSTANDING YOUR CUSTOMERS: CUSTOMER BEHAVIORcorresponding stock performance of these compa-nies for that same year, on average, satisfactionexplains only 1% of the variation in a company’smarket return.Another recent examination of the relationshipbetween satisfaction and stock performance byBloomberg Businessweek reported even worse re-sults than our own. In a 2013 article entitled “ProofThat It Pays to Be America’s Most-Hated Compa-nies,” the magazine reported that “customer-servicescores have no relevance to stock market returns …the most-hated companies perform better thantheir beloved peers … Your contempt really, trulydoesn’t matter … If anything, it might hurt com-pany profits to spend money making customershappy.” 2 These findings were so unexpected thatcomedian Stephen Colbert offered American cor-porations his faux help to “get those customersatisfaction ratings right in the toilet.” 3Admittedly, the above examples represent overlysimplistic examinations of the relationship be-tween satisfaction and stock performance. Youwould expect customer satisfaction to impact per-formance over time, so simply looking atsatisfaction and stock performance levels for thesame year is not going to accurately capture thecomplete relationship. 4 And academic researchconsistently finds that there is a positive, statisti-cally significant relationship between satisfactionand a host of business outcomes such as customerretention, share of wallet, referrals and stock mar-ket performance. 5 We ourselves have writtennumerous articles demonstrating this very fact. 6The problem, however, is that the relationshipbetween customer satisfaction and customerspending behavior is very weak. 7 How weak? Ourresearch finds that changes in customers’ satisfac-tion levels explain less than 1% of the variation inchanges in their share of category spending. Yes, therelationship is statistically significant, but it is notvery managerially relevant.Because of findings like these, some managershave openly challenged “whether the relationshipbetween unobservable measures such as customersatisfaction and observable behavior such as pur-chasing was sufficiently strong to justify its use asthe primary unobservable predictor.” 8 Some con-sultants have gone further, writing books or articlesdeclaring satisfaction a waste of money. 9 And evenin the scholarly community, some academics havequestioned whether customer satisfaction actuallylinks to market performance. 10So we’ve reached a fundamental crossroads. Iscustomer satisfaction worth the cost? To find out, weundertook an intensive investigation into the rela-tionship between satisfaction and business outcomes,gathering data from more than 100,000 consumerscovering more than 300 brands. (See “About the Re-search.”) Our investigation, in conjunction with ourprior research and background in consumer satisfac-tion, uncovered three critical issues that have a strongnegative impact on translating customer satisfactioninto positive business outcomes. What’s more, theseissues are equally applicable for other commonlyused metrics such as the net promoter score (NPS, away to measure customer loyalty). Given their scope,we believe these findings should inform every com-pany’s customer-service strategy.
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