reasons or terminating the employment. National laws and practices tha terjemahan - reasons or terminating the employment. National laws and practices tha Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

reasons or terminating the employme

reasons or terminating the employment. National laws and practices that only require a valid reason for termination of employment where there is not period of notice (this is generally in the case of serious misconduct) and that do not require justification for termination of employment when notice has been given are not in accordance with the Convention4.
In Albania, according to Article 141 of the Code of Labor, the contract of undefined duration will end, if one of the parties terminates it, or if the notice deadline expires. At any time the employer may immediately terminate the contract for reasonable causes. Reasonable cause will be considered all the serious circumstances that, in accordance of the
principle of mutual trust, do not allow for asking the employer to continue the labor relations. The court decides itself whether there have been reasonable causes for the immediate termination of the contract. Reasonable causes will be considered only those cases where the employee violates the contractual obligations of serious offence, as well as the cases where the employee repeatedly violates the contractual obligations of non-serious offence, regardless of the employer’s written warning. If the contract is terminated for no reasonable cause, then the employee will have the right to sue the employer at the court within 180 days, starting from the day on which the notice deadline has expired. (See Article 146 of CL). At any time the employer may immediately terminate the contract for reasonable causes. Furthermore, the employer may not terminate the contract in the case where, according to the legislation in force, the employee is completing his/her military service, benefits payment related to temporary disability to work from the employer or Social
Insurance for a period of not longer than one than one years, as well as in the case where the employee is one vocations given to him/her by the employer5.
In France, the Labour Code states that all dismissal should be based on well-founded an valid grounds. In the absence of agreement between the parties, a contract of employment may be terminated by the employer only on account of serious misconduct or in the case of force majeure. A contract of employment for an unspecified period may be terminated by either of the parties. The termination by an employer should be justified by a genuine and serious reason. Any termination carried out by an employer for one or more reasons not inherent in the personality of the employee resulting from the elimination or transformation of the job or a substantial modification of the contract of
employment, especially after economic hardships or technological changes, constitutes a dismissal for economic reasons. No employer may terminate the contract of a woman who has been medically certified as pregnant; nor may her employment be terminated during a period of leave to which she is entitled (whether or not she takes it), or within four weeks of the expiration of the leave period. In addition, an employer may not terminate the employment of a worker whose contract has been suspended because of an employment injury or occupational disease, unless the employer can show that the employee has engaged in serious misconduct or that it is impossible, for reasons unrelated to the injury or illness, or the contract to continue in force. Termination of the employment of a trade union delegate, an employee representative and persons of similar status can only occur after authorization by the labour inspectorate. Sec. L.122-45 of the Labour Code states that no dismissal may be founded on discrimination based upon origin, sex, family status, race,
nationality, political opinion, trade union activities, religion, disability, or exercise of the right to strike or health. Any such dismissal is considered null and void.
In Germany, pursuant to sec.626 of the Civil Code, the reasons for summary dismissal must be based on grave misconduct or incompetence of the employee, or severe economic circumstances to the behaviour of the employee. However, the dismissal is only lawful if in view of all circumstances of the case, and in evaluating the interest of both parties, it is intolerable for either of the parties to fulfil the contract until the period of notice. Examples of serious breaches of contract include a criminal offence, persistent refusal to fulfil the contract of employment in spite of warnings, and deceiving the employer about skills or qualifications essential for the job. White Collar Employees Act also lists additional
grounds for summary dismissal. Summary dismissal must be carried out with two weeks of the occurrence on which it is based. The Protection Against Dismissal Act, prima facie position on dismissal is that it is assumed to be socially unjustifiable and therefore unlawful. The first and foremost aim of the PADA is to protect the employees contract of employment. The PADA define collective redundancy as a situation where, within a given period of 30 days, the employment relationship of a relatively large number of employees is actually terminated by the employer by way or ordinary dismissal with notice.
In United Kingdom, according to the common law, any contract may be terminated by either party with due notice. However, the common law has been restricted by legislation aimed at curbing unfair dismissal. The Employment Rights
Act (1996) includes, as a principle, the right of an employee not to be dismissed unfairly. According to sec.98 of the
Employment Rights Act, a dismissal may be fair if the employer shows that the reason or the principal reason for the
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reasons or terminating the employment. National laws and practices that only require a valid reason for termination of employment where there is not period of notice (this is generally in the case of serious misconduct) and that do not require justification for termination of employment when notice has been given are not in accordance with the Convention4.In Albania, according to Article 141 of the Code of Labor, the contract of undefined duration will end, if one of the parties terminates it, or if the notice deadline expires. At any time the employer may immediately terminate the contract for reasonable causes. Reasonable cause will be considered all the serious circumstances that, in accordance of theprinciple of mutual trust, do not allow for asking the employer to continue the labor relations. The court decides itself whether there have been reasonable causes for the immediate termination of the contract. Reasonable causes will be considered only those cases where the employee violates the contractual obligations of serious offence, as well as the cases where the employee repeatedly violates the contractual obligations of non-serious offence, regardless of the employer’s written warning. If the contract is terminated for no reasonable cause, then the employee will have the right to sue the employer at the court within 180 days, starting from the day on which the notice deadline has expired. (See Article 146 of CL). At any time the employer may immediately terminate the contract for reasonable causes. Furthermore, the employer may not terminate the contract in the case where, according to the legislation in force, the employee is completing his/her military service, benefits payment related to temporary disability to work from the employer or SocialInsurance for a period of not longer than one than one years, as well as in the case where the employee is one vocations given to him/her by the employer5.In France, the Labour Code states that all dismissal should be based on well-founded an valid grounds. In the absence of agreement between the parties, a contract of employment may be terminated by the employer only on account of serious misconduct or in the case of force majeure. A contract of employment for an unspecified period may be terminated by either of the parties. The termination by an employer should be justified by a genuine and serious reason. Any termination carried out by an employer for one or more reasons not inherent in the personality of the employee resulting from the elimination or transformation of the job or a substantial modification of the contract ofemployment, especially after economic hardships or technological changes, constitutes a dismissal for economic reasons. No employer may terminate the contract of a woman who has been medically certified as pregnant; nor may her employment be terminated during a period of leave to which she is entitled (whether or not she takes it), or within four weeks of the expiration of the leave period. In addition, an employer may not terminate the employment of a worker whose contract has been suspended because of an employment injury or occupational disease, unless the employer can show that the employee has engaged in serious misconduct or that it is impossible, for reasons unrelated to the injury or illness, or the contract to continue in force. Termination of the employment of a trade union delegate, an employee representative and persons of similar status can only occur after authorization by the labour inspectorate. Sec. L.122-45 of the Labour Code states that no dismissal may be founded on discrimination based upon origin, sex, family status, race,nationality, political opinion, trade union activities, religion, disability, or exercise of the right to strike or health. Any such dismissal is considered null and void.In Germany, pursuant to sec.626 of the Civil Code, the reasons for summary dismissal must be based on grave misconduct or incompetence of the employee, or severe economic circumstances to the behaviour of the employee. However, the dismissal is only lawful if in view of all circumstances of the case, and in evaluating the interest of both parties, it is intolerable for either of the parties to fulfil the contract until the period of notice. Examples of serious breaches of contract include a criminal offence, persistent refusal to fulfil the contract of employment in spite of warnings, and deceiving the employer about skills or qualifications essential for the job. White Collar Employees Act also lists additionalgrounds for summary dismissal. Summary dismissal must be carried out with two weeks of the occurrence on which it is based. The Protection Against Dismissal Act, prima facie position on dismissal is that it is assumed to be socially unjustifiable and therefore unlawful. The first and foremost aim of the PADA is to protect the employees contract of employment. The PADA define collective redundancy as a situation where, within a given period of 30 days, the employment relationship of a relatively large number of employees is actually terminated by the employer by way or ordinary dismissal with notice.In United Kingdom, according to the common law, any contract may be terminated by either party with due notice. However, the common law has been restricted by legislation aimed at curbing unfair dismissal. The Employment RightsAct (1996) includes, as a principle, the right of an employee not to be dismissed unfairly. According to sec.98 of theEmployment Rights Act, a dismissal may be fair if the employer shows that the reason or the principal reason for the
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alasan atau mengakhiri kerja tersebut. Hukum nasional dan praktek-praktek yang hanya membutuhkan alasan yang sah untuk pemutusan hubungan kerja di mana tidak ada periode pemberitahuan (ini umumnya dalam kasus pelanggaran serius) dan yang tidak memerlukan pembenaran untuk pemutusan hubungan kerja ketika pemberitahuan telah diberikan tidak dalam Sesuai dengan Convention4.
Dalam Albania, menurut Pasal 141 dari Kode Tenaga Kerja, kontrak durasi terdefinisi akan berakhir, jika salah satu pihak mengakhiri itu, atau jika batas waktu pemberitahuan berakhir. Setiap saat majikan dapat segera mengakhiri kontrak untuk penyebab yang wajar. Alasan yang masuk akal akan dipertimbangkan semua keadaan serius yang, sesuai dari
prinsip saling percaya, tidak memungkinkan untuk meminta majikan untuk melanjutkan hubungan kerja. Pengadilan memutuskan sendiri apakah telah ada penyebab yang wajar untuk penghentian kontrak. Penyebab wajar akan dianggap hanya kasus-kasus di mana karyawan melanggar kewajiban kontraktual pelanggaran serius, serta kasus-kasus di mana karyawan berulang kali melanggar kewajiban kontrak pelanggaran non-serius, terlepas dari peringatan tertulis majikan. Jika kontrak dihentikan tanpa alasan yang masuk akal, maka karyawan akan memiliki hak untuk menuntut majikan di pengadilan dalam waktu 180 hari, dimulai dari hari di mana batas waktu pemberitahuan telah berakhir. (Lihat Pasal 146 dari CL). Setiap saat majikan dapat segera mengakhiri kontrak untuk penyebab yang wajar. Selanjutnya, majikan mungkin tidak mengakhiri kontrak dalam kasus di mana, menurut undang-undang yang berlaku, karyawan tersebut menyelesaikan pembayaran / dinas militer nya, manfaat nya terkait dengan cacat sementara untuk bekerja dari majikan atau Sosial
Asuransi untuk jangka waktu tidak lebih dari satu dari satu tahun, serta dalam kasus di mana karyawan adalah salah satu panggilan yang diberikan kepadanya / nya dengan employer5 tersebut.
Di Perancis, Kode Tenaga Kerja menyatakan bahwa semua pemecatan harus didasarkan pada baik-mendirikan sebuah alasan yang valid. Dengan tidak adanya kesepakatan antara para pihak, kontrak kerja dapat diakhiri oleh majikan hanya karena kesalahan serius atau dalam kasus force majeure. Sebuah kontrak kerja untuk waktu tidak tertentu dapat diakhiri oleh salah satu pihak. Penghentian oleh majikan harus dibenarkan oleh alasan tulus dan serius. Pemutusan dilakukan oleh majikan untuk satu atau lebih alasan tidak melekat dalam kepribadian karyawan yang dihasilkan dari penghapusan atau transformasi dari pekerjaan atau modifikasi pada kontrak
kerja, terutama setelah kesulitan ekonomi atau perubahan teknologi, merupakan pemberhentian karena alasan ekonomi. Tidak ada majikan dapat mengakhiri kontrak seorang wanita yang telah disertifikasi sebagai medis hamil; atau mungkin pekerjaannya dihentikan selama periode cuti yang ia berhak (apakah dia mengambil itu), atau dalam waktu empat minggu dari berakhirnya masa cuti. Selain itu, majikan tidak memutuskan hubungan kerja dengan pekerja yang kontraknya telah ditangguhkan karena cedera kerja atau penyakit akibat kerja, kecuali majikan dapat menunjukkan bahwa karyawan telah terlibat dalam pelanggaran serius atau bahwa tidak mungkin, untuk alasan yang tidak terkait dengan cedera atau sakit, atau kontrak untuk terus berlaku. Pemutusan kerja dengan delegasi serikat buruh, perwakilan dan orang status yang sama karyawan hanya dapat terjadi setelah otorisasi oleh inspektorat tenaga kerja. Detik. L.122-45 dari Kode Buruh menyatakan bahwa tidak ada pemberhentian dapat didirikan pada diskriminasi berdasarkan asal, jenis kelamin, status keluarga, ras,
kebangsaan, pendapat politik, kegiatan serikat pekerja, agama, kecacatan, atau pelaksanaan hak mogok atau kesehatan. Setiap pemberhentian tersebut dianggap batal.
Di Jerman, sesuai dengan sec.626 dari Kode Sipil, alasan untuk ringkasan pemberhentian harus didasarkan pada kesalahan kuburan atau ketidakmampuan karyawan, atau keadaan ekonomi yang parah dengan perilaku karyawan. Namun, pemecatan hanya sah jika di lihat dari semua keadaan dari kasus tersebut, dan dalam mengevaluasi kepentingan kedua belah pihak, itu tak tertahankan untuk salah satu pihak untuk memenuhi kontrak sampai periode pemberitahuan. Contoh pelanggaran serius kontrak termasuk tindak pidana, penolakan terus-menerus untuk memenuhi kontrak kerja meskipun peringatan, dan menipu majikan tentang keterampilan atau kualifikasi penting untuk pekerjaan itu. White Collar Karyawan Act juga daftar tambahan
alasan untuk Ringkasan pemecatan. Ringkasan pemberhentian harus dilakukan dengan dua minggu dari terjadinya yang didasarkan. Perlindungan Terhadap Pemberhentian Act, posisi prima facie pada pemberhentian adalah bahwa hal itu diasumsikan sosial dibenarkan dan karena itu melanggar hukum. Yang pertama dan terpenting tujuan PADA adalah untuk melindungi kontrak karyawan kerja. PADA mendefinisikan redundansi kolektif sebagai situasi di mana, dalam jangka waktu tertentu 30 hari, hubungan kerja dari jumlah yang relatif besar karyawan sebenarnya diakhiri oleh majikan dengan cara atau pemecatan biasa dengan pemberitahuan.
Di Inggris, menurut umum hukum, kontrak apapun dapat diakhiri oleh salah satu pihak dengan pemberitahuan karena. Namun, hukum umum telah dibatasi oleh undang-undang bertujuan untuk membatasi pemecatan yang tidak adil. Hak Pekerjaan
Act (1996) meliputi, sebagai prinsip, hak karyawan untuk tidak diberhentikan secara tidak adil. Menurut sec.98 dari
Undang-Undang Hak Kerja, pemberhentian mungkin adil jika majikan menunjukkan bahwa alasan atau alasan utama untuk
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