1. IntroductionStudies in the field of public spaces cover different s terjemahan - 1. IntroductionStudies in the field of public spaces cover different s Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

1. IntroductionStudies in the field

1. Introduction
Studies in the field of public spaces cover different scales,
from neighborhood units [1] to the national level [2] and
include a broad range of public spaces including access to
green space [3,4], access to recreational services [5,6], and
access to open spaces [7]. Designing neighborhood with open
spaces is about giving people genuine involvement and real
participation in shaping and developing their communities and
neighborhoods [8].
During the Cities Project (Cities Aspects and Multidisciplinary Methods of Analysis in Arid Regions) the
authors had the opportunity to visit and study several
examples of urban fabric in Iranian cities in order to explore
the spatial functional structure underlying an apparent
diversity in the organization of such traditional cities [9].
Vernacular cities have certain characteristics that can be
summarized as follows: they are fully integrated to and respect
both their natural and socio-cultural contexts. They are the
most significant expressions of the common values of a
society and the result of a certain vision of the world and a
defined life style [10]. In traditional architecture we may find
differences and variations, but they are all integrated to a
unified system and follow a general order; they use common
vocabulary which is well known to the people living in a
similar culture; these norms are usually transmitted from
generation to generation. These variations are adapted to
answer to a common culture or a common functioning system.
"Equity" or fairness is concerned with the "fairness in mobility
and accessibility levels across race, class, gender and
disability." Furthermore, Sanchez et al.
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1. IntroductionStudies in the field of public spaces cover different scales,from neighborhood units [1] to the national level [2] andinclude a broad range of public spaces including access togreen space [3,4], access to recreational services [5,6], andaccess to open spaces [7]. Designing neighborhood with openspaces is about giving people genuine involvement and realparticipation in shaping and developing their communities andneighborhoods [8].During the Cities Project (Cities Aspects and Multidisciplinary Methods of Analysis in Arid Regions) theauthors had the opportunity to visit and study severalexamples of urban fabric in Iranian cities in order to explorethe spatial functional structure underlying an apparentdiversity in the organization of such traditional cities [9].Vernacular cities have certain characteristics that can besummarized as follows: they are fully integrated to and respectboth their natural and socio-cultural contexts. They are themost significant expressions of the common values of asociety and the result of a certain vision of the world and adefined life style [10]. In traditional architecture we may finddifferences and variations, but they are all integrated to aunified system and follow a general order; they use commonvocabulary which is well known to the people living in asimilar culture; these norms are usually transmitted fromgeneration to generation. These variations are adapted toanswer to a common culture or a common functioning system.
"Equity" or fairness is concerned with the "fairness in mobility
and accessibility levels across race, class, gender and
disability." Furthermore, Sanchez et al.
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1. Pengantar
Studi di bidang ruang publik mencakup skala yang berbeda,
dari unit lingkungan [1] untuk tingkat nasional [2] dan
mencakup berbagai ruang publik termasuk akses ke
ruang hijau [3,4], akses ke layanan rekreasi [5,6], dan
akses untuk membuka ruang [7]. Merancang lingkungan dengan terbuka
ruang adalah tentang memberi orang keterlibatan asli dan nyata
partisipasi dalam membentuk dan mengembangkan masyarakat dan mereka
lingkungan [8].
Selama Kota Project (Kota Aspek dan Multidisiplin Metode Analisis di Arid Daerah) yang
penulis memiliki kesempatan untuk mengunjungi dan mempelajari beberapa
contoh kain perkotaan di kota-kota Iran untuk mengeksplorasi
struktur fungsional spasial yang mendasari sebuah
jelas. keragaman dalam organisasi kota tradisional seperti [9]
kota Vernakular memiliki karakteristik tertentu yang dapat
diringkas sebagai berikut: mereka sepenuhnya terintegrasi ke dan menghormati
kedua konteks alam dan sosial budaya mereka. Mereka adalah
ekspresi yang paling signifikan dari nilai-nilai umum dari
masyarakat dan hasil dari visi tertentu di dunia dan
gaya hidup didefinisikan [10]. Dalam arsitektur tradisional kita dapat menemukan
perbedaan dan variasi, tetapi mereka semua terintegrasi ke
sistem terpadu dan mengikuti ketertiban umum; mereka menggunakan umum
kosakata yang dikenal kepada orang-orang yang tinggal di sebuah
budaya yang sama; norma-norma ini biasanya ditularkan dari
generasi ke generasi. Variasi ini disesuaikan dengan
menjawab budaya umum atau sistem berfungsi umum.
"Ekuitas" atau keadilan berkaitan dengan "keadilan dalam mobilitas
dan aksesibilitas tingkat di seluruh ras, kelas, gender dan
kecacatan." Selanjutnya, Sanchez et al.
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