Located in the inner surface of SRT are two sensors: the lower sensor  terjemahan - Located in the inner surface of SRT are two sensors: the lower sensor  Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Located in the inner surface of SRT

Located in the inner surface of SRT are two sensors: the lower sensor and the upper sensor. The lower sensor has
the task of turning the pump ON when the water level drops below it or it is dry. The upper sensor has the task of turning
the pump OFF when the water level reaches it or it is wet. Each time the pump is turned ON water is pumped from the
larger URT onto SRT. The water in URT is made up of water from the turbine, waste water from the ram pump and rain
water collected during the rainy season. Allowance is provided in the SRT to also accommodate rain water.
The amount of hydraulic power available from a hydropower system is directly related to the flow rate, head and
the force of gravity as [5]
ρ= *g*H*QP
h
(1)
The electrical power is obtained as:
ηρ=η= **g*H*Q*PP
he
where, P
h
and P
e
(2)
are the theoretical hydraulic and electrical power outputs respectively in W, Q is usable flow rate
in m
3
/s, H is net head in m, g is gravitational constant (9.81m/s
2
), η is efficiency factor (turbine and generator, 0.5 – 0.7),
and ρ is density of water (1.0 kg/m
3
). Once Q and H in equations (1) and (2) are kept constant at their developed values
relative to design constraints, the system will be capable of supplying constant plant power.
Design and Sizing
The amount of power derivable from the plant structure depends on the head H and the usable flow rate Q4. To
this end, a steady supply and sustained volume of water in the CT1 must be maintained. These requirements are made
possible by setting a constant pumping rate Q3 for the ram pump. The constant pumping rate of the ram pump is in turn
made possible by setting a definite flow rate Q1 for the water flowing into the ram pump. The flow rate Q2 is dependent on
Q1 so that Q1 sets the value for all other Q’s.
• Determination of Flow Rates of Water
The level of water in a tank and the size of a penstock pipe are paramount to the determination of the usable flow
rate of the water through the penstock. The generic equation for determining the flow rate may be described as the product
of the cross-sectional area A, of the orifice of the penstock multiplied by the average flow velocity v, as:
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1: [Salinan]
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Located in the inner surface of SRT are two sensors: the lower sensor and the upper sensor. The lower sensor hasthe task of turning the pump ON when the water level drops below it or it is dry. The upper sensor has the task of turningthe pump OFF when the water level reaches it or it is wet. Each time the pump is turned ON water is pumped from thelarger URT onto SRT. The water in URT is made up of water from the turbine, waste water from the ram pump and rainwater collected during the rainy season. Allowance is provided in the SRT to also accommodate rain water. The amount of hydraulic power available from a hydropower system is directly related to the flow rate, head andthe force of gravity as [5] ρ= *g*H*QPh (1) The electrical power is obtained as: ηρ=η= **g*H*Q*PPhewhere, Ph and Pe (2) are the theoretical hydraulic and electrical power outputs respectively in W, Q is usable flow ratein m3/s, H is net head in m, g is gravitational constant (9.81m/s2), η is efficiency factor (turbine and generator, 0.5 – 0.7),and ρ is density of water (1.0 kg/m3). Once Q and H in equations (1) and (2) are kept constant at their developed valuesrelative to design constraints, the system will be capable of supplying constant plant power. Design and Sizing The amount of power derivable from the plant structure depends on the head H and the usable flow rate Q4. Tothis end, a steady supply and sustained volume of water in the CT1 must be maintained. These requirements are madepossible by setting a constant pumping rate Q3 for the ram pump. The constant pumping rate of the ram pump is in turnmade possible by setting a definite flow rate Q1 for the water flowing into the ram pump. The flow rate Q2 is dependent onQ1 so that Q1 sets the value for all other Q’s. • Determination of Flow Rates of Water The level of water in a tank and the size of a penstock pipe are paramount to the determination of the usable flowrate of the water through the penstock. The generic equation for determining the flow rate may be described as the productof the cross-sectional area A, of the orifice of the penstock multiplied by the average flow velocity v, as:
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
Disalin!
Terletak di permukaan dalam SRT dua sensor: sensor yang lebih rendah dan sensor atas. Semakin rendah sensor memiliki
tugas mengubah pompa ON ketika tingkat air turun di bawah atau sudah kering. Sensor atas memiliki tugas mengubah
OFF pompa ketika tingkat air mencapai atau basah. Setiap kali pompa dihidupkan ON air dipompa dari
URT yang lebih besar ke SRT. Air di URT terdiri dari air dari turbin, air limbah dari pompa ram dan hujan
air yang dikumpulkan selama musim hujan. Penyisihan disediakan dalam SRT juga mengakomodasi air hujan.
Jumlah tenaga hidrolik yang tersedia dari sistem tenaga air secara langsung berkaitan dengan laju aliran, kepala dan
gaya gravitasi sebagai [5]
= ρ * g * H * QP
h
( 1)
Kekuatan listrik diperoleh sebagai:
ηρ = η = ** g * H * T * PP
yang
mana, P
h
dan P
e
(2)
adalah output daya teoritis hidrolik dan listrik masing-masing di W, Q adalah laju alir digunakan
dalam m
3
/ s, H adalah kepala bersih m, g adalah konstanta gravitasi (9.81m / s
2
), η adalah faktor efisiensi (turbin dan generator, 0,5-0,7),
dan ρ adalah densitas air (1,0 kg / m
3
). Setelah Q dan H dalam persamaan (1) dan (2) yang dijaga konstan pada nilai-nilai yang dikembangkan mereka
relatif untuk merancang kendala, sistem akan mampu memasok pembangkit listrik konstan.
Desain dan Sizing
Jumlah daya diturunkan dari struktur tanaman tergantung pada kepala H dan dapat digunakan laju aliran Q4. Untuk
tujuan ini, pasokan dan volume berkelanjutan air di CT1 harus dipertahankan. Persyaratan ini dibuat
dimungkinkan dengan menetapkan tingkat memompa Q3 konstan untuk pompa ram. Tingkat memompa konstan pompa ram pada gilirannya
dimungkinkan dengan menetapkan kecepatan aliran Q1 pasti untuk air mengalir ke pompa ram. Laju aliran Q2 tergantung pada
Q1 sehingga Q1 yang menetapkan nilai untuk semua lainnya Q.
• Penentuan Arus Tarif Air
Tingkat air di dalam tangki dan ukuran pipa penstock adalah hal yang terpenting untuk penentuan aliran digunakan
tingkat air melalui penstock. Persamaan umum untuk menentukan laju aliran dapat digambarkan sebagai produk
dari luas penampang A, dari lubang dari penstock dikalikan dengan rata-rata kecepatan aliran v, sebagai:
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