Every single rock on the surface of

Every single rock on the surface of the earth - whether it is gravestone, a piece of solidified lave from a volcano or a boulder that has broken form a cliff or mountain - is slowly being broken down. This breaking down of rocks at or near the earth's surface is called weathering. The word is used because the weather is mainly responsible. Weathering turns solid rock into soft materials thas may eventually from soil.

Air and water are the cause of most weathering. Sometimes they change the chemical in the rocks, and sometimes they just break apart the rock physically. If water seeps into the cracks in the rocks, for example, it may later freeze if the temperature falls below 0 degrees Celsius. As the water turns to ice, it expands, pushing against the sides of the rock with a pressure believe to be as much as 2,100 kilograms per square centimetre.

This forces the cracks open. Repeated freezing and thawing causes the fragments to break away from the original rock, these may slide down a cliff or mountain and form a sloping mass of fragments at the bottom, called scree.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:

Setiap batu tunggal di permukaan bumi - apakah itu batu nisan, sepotong lave dipadatkan dari gunung berapi atau batu yang telah rusak bentuk tebing atau gunung - perlahan-lahan rusak. Ini mogok batu di atau dekat permukaan bumi disebut pelapukan. Kata ini digunakan karena cuaca terutama bertanggung jawab. Pelapukan ternyata batuan padat menjadi bahan lembut LTU mungkin akhirnya dari tanah.

Air dan air adalah penyebab paling pelapukan. Kadang-kadang mereka mengubah kimia di batu, dan kadang-kadang mereka hanya pecah batu fisik. Jika air merembes ke dalam celah-celah di bebatuan, misalnya, mungkin nanti membeku jika suhu turun di bawah 0 derajat Celcius. Ketika air berubah menjadi es, mengembang, mendorong terhadap sisi batu dengan tekanan yakini sebanyak 2.100 kilogram per sentimeter persegi.

Ini memaksa retak terbuka. Diulang pembekuan dan pencairan menyebabkan fragmen melepaskan diri dari batu asli, ini mungkin geser ke bawah tebing atau gunung dan membentuk suatu massa miring fragmen di bagian bawah, yang disebut scree.