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A geomorphological and geophysical

A geomorphological and geophysical investigation of Adele Island has revealed new insights into the long-term evolutionary history not only of Adele Reef but also of Australia’s North West Shelf.
The mid-shelf Adele platform reef sits between the atoll type Scott Reefs, which are located on the very edge of the North West Shelf, and the highly atypical inshore fringing reefs of the Bucaneer Archipelago.
This reef is of scientific interest because it provides an environmental link between the Kimberley’s oceanic and inshore reef systems.
The findings by Curtin University graduate students Tubagus Solihuddin and Giada Bufarale have been published in the Journal Geo-Marine Letters as part of the Western Australian Marine Science Kimberley Marine Research Program.
Geophysical surveys showed that the Adele reef structure did not form exclusively during the Holocene, which is the current period of geological time that started some 11,500 years ago when the glaciers began to retreat. It is in fact made up of layers of different aged reef packages that grew during previous sea level highstands (intervals where sea level lies above the continental shelf edge).
By counting these packages back in time, researcher Giada Burfarale was able to calculate that coral growth at the site of Adele reef first began over 400,000 years ago. Interestingly this is also believed to be a time when coral growth first initiated on the Great Barrier Reef.
“Geophysical surveys also revealed a series of 90 metre deep channels around Adele reef that most likely represent ancient channels cut by the Fitzroy, Isdell or Prince Regent rivers which flowed across the continental shelf during sea level lowstands (times when sea levels were at their lowest),” Co-author Curtin University Dr Mick O’Leary said.
“Also, by comparing geophysical data with stratigraphic reef core data from Scott Reefs and the inner fringing reefs it was possible to calculate that the North West Shelf has subsided more that 30 metres over the last 100,000 years, making it one of the more tectonically mobile regions on the Australian continent,” Dr O’Leary said.
The modern Adele Reef is characterised by having one of the more unique reef habitats on the planet. Earlier investigations by the Western Australian Museum reported the discovery of a unique ‘rollolith’ habitat located along the SW side of the island. Rollolith is the common name given to benthic organisms that grow as unattached free-living spherical colonies enabling live tissue to cover the entire colony surface.
Reef coring by Tubagus Solihuddin and the team found that this is a relatively recent habitat, forming only as the Adele reef platform reached present sea level, less than 1000 years ago. The resulting increase in surface currents are driven by seven metre tides and large waves which wash across the reef platforms at high tides.
“So what we have found is, rather than observing a style of reef geomorphology that gradually transitions between the atoll style oceanic Scott Reefs and the atypical high fringing reefs on the inner Kimberley, the mid-shelf Adele reef is characterised by its own unique structure, habitats and growth history,” Dr O’Leary said. “These findings provide yet more evidence of just how globally unique the Kimberley reefs are.”



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A geomorphological and geophysical investigation of Adele Island has revealed new insights into the long-term evolutionary history not only of Adele Reef but also of Australia’s North West Shelf.The mid-shelf Adele platform reef sits between the atoll type Scott Reefs, which are located on the very edge of the North West Shelf, and the highly atypical inshore fringing reefs of the Bucaneer Archipelago.This reef is of scientific interest because it provides an environmental link between the Kimberley’s oceanic and inshore reef systems.The findings by Curtin University graduate students Tubagus Solihuddin and Giada Bufarale have been published in the Journal Geo-Marine Letters as part of the Western Australian Marine Science Kimberley Marine Research Program.Geophysical surveys showed that the Adele reef structure did not form exclusively during the Holocene, which is the current period of geological time that started some 11,500 years ago when the glaciers began to retreat. It is in fact made up of layers of different aged reef packages that grew during previous sea level highstands (intervals where sea level lies above the continental shelf edge).By counting these packages back in time, researcher Giada Burfarale was able to calculate that coral growth at the site of Adele reef first began over 400,000 years ago. Interestingly this is also believed to be a time when coral growth first initiated on the Great Barrier Reef.“Geophysical surveys also revealed a series of 90 metre deep channels around Adele reef that most likely represent ancient channels cut by the Fitzroy, Isdell or Prince Regent rivers which flowed across the continental shelf during sea level lowstands (times when sea levels were at their lowest),” Co-author Curtin University Dr Mick O’Leary said.“Also, by comparing geophysical data with stratigraphic reef core data from Scott Reefs and the inner fringing reefs it was possible to calculate that the North West Shelf has subsided more that 30 metres over the last 100,000 years, making it one of the more tectonically mobile regions on the Australian continent,” Dr O’Leary said.The modern Adele Reef is characterised by having one of the more unique reef habitats on the planet. Earlier investigations by the Western Australian Museum reported the discovery of a unique ‘rollolith’ habitat located along the SW side of the island. Rollolith is the common name given to benthic organisms that grow as unattached free-living spherical colonies enabling live tissue to cover the entire colony surface.Reef coring by Tubagus Solihuddin and the team found that this is a relatively recent habitat, forming only as the Adele reef platform reached present sea level, less than 1000 years ago. The resulting increase in surface currents are driven by seven metre tides and large waves which wash across the reef platforms at high tides.“So what we have found is, rather than observing a style of reef geomorphology that gradually transitions between the atoll style oceanic Scott Reefs and the atypical high fringing reefs on the inner Kimberley, the mid-shelf Adele reef is characterised by its own unique structure, habitats and growth history,” Dr O’Leary said. “These findings provide yet more evidence of just how globally unique the Kimberley reefs are.”
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Sebuah penyelidikan geomorfologi dan geofisika dari Adele Pulau mengungkapkan wawasan baru ke dalam sejarah evolusi jangka panjang tidak hanya dari Adele Reef tetapi juga dari Australia North West Shelf.
Pertengahan-rak Adele Platform karang duduk antara jenis atol Scott Karang, yang berada di tepi dari Shelf North West, dan terumbu karang dekat pantai tepi yang sangat atipikal dari Bucaneer Nusantara.
karang ini adalah kepentingan ilmiah karena memberikan link lingkungan antara sistem karang laut dan perairan pantai Kimberley ini.
temuan oleh Curtin University mahasiswa pascasarjana Tubagus Solihuddin dan Giada Bufarale telah dipublikasikan dalam Journal Geo-Marine Surat sebagai bagian dari Kimberley Program Penelitian Kelautan Western Australia Ilmu Kelautan.
survei Geofisika menunjukkan bahwa struktur karang Adele tidak membentuk secara eksklusif selama Holosen, yang merupakan periode berjalan waktu geologi yang dimulai beberapa 11.500 tahun yang lalu ketika gletser mulai mundur. Hal ini sebenarnya terdiri dari lapisan paket karang berusia berbeda yang tumbuh selama highstands permukaan laut sebelumnya (interval di mana permukaan laut terletak di atas tepi landas kontinen).
Dengan menghitung paket ini kembali waktu, peneliti Giada Burfarale mampu menghitung karang yang pertumbuhan di lokasi Adele terumbu pertama dimulai lebih dari 400.000 tahun yang lalu. Menariknya ini juga diyakini saat pertumbuhan karang pertama dimulai di Great Barrier Reef.
"Survei Geofisika juga mengungkapkan serangkaian saluran dalam 90 meteran di sekitar Adele karang yang paling mungkin mewakili saluran kuno dipotong oleh Fitzroy, Isdell atau Pangeran Regent sungai yang mengalir di landas kontinen selama tingkat lowstands laut (kali ketika permukaan air laut di terendah mereka), "kata Co-penulis Curtin University Dr Mick O'Leary.
" Selain itu, dengan membandingkan data geofisika dengan data inti terumbu stratigrafi dari Scott karang dan terumbu karang tepi bagian dalam hal itu mungkin untuk menghitung bahwa Shelf North West telah mereda lebih dari 30 meter selama 100.000 tahun terakhir, membuatnya menjadi salah satu daerah yang lebih tektonik bergerak di benua Australia, "kata Dr O'Leary.
modern Adele Reef ditandai dengan memiliki salah satu habitat karang yang lebih unik di planet ini. Investigasi awal oleh Australian Museum Western melaporkan penemuan sebuah 'rollolith' habitat yang unik terletak di sepanjang sisi SW pulau. Rollolith adalah nama umum yang diberikan untuk organisme bentik yang tumbuh sebagai terikat hidup bebas koloni bulat memungkinkan jaringan hidup untuk menutupi seluruh permukaan koloni.
Reef coring oleh Tubagus Solihuddin dan tim menemukan bahwa ini adalah habitat yang relatif baru, membentuk hanya sebagai Adele Platform karang mencapai permukaan laut ini, kurang dari 1000 tahun yang lalu. Hasil peningkatan arus permukaan didorong oleh tujuh pasang meter dan gelombang besar yang mencuci seluruh platform karang di pasang tinggi.
"Jadi apa yang kita temukan adalah, daripada mengamati gaya geomorfologi karang yang secara bertahap transisi antara gaya atol samudera Scott karang dan atipikal terumbu karang tepi tinggi dari Kimberley batin, pertengahan rak Adele karang ditandai dengan struktur unik sendiri, habitat dan sejarah pertumbuhan, "kata Dr O'Leary. "Temuan ini memberikan bukti lebih banyak lagi betapa unik secara global terumbu Kimberley berada."



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