Corporate Social Responsibility and Economic PerformanceCorporate Soci terjemahan - Corporate Social Responsibility and Economic PerformanceCorporate Soci Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Corporate Social Responsibility and

Corporate Social Responsibility and Economic Performance

Corporate Social Responsibility and Economic Performance
Abstract
We describe some perspectives on corporate social responsibility (CSR), in order to provide a context for considering the strategic motivations and implications of CSR. Based on this framework, which is based on characterizing optimal firm decision making and underlies most existing work on CSR, we propose an agenda for further theoretical and empirical research on CSR. We then summarize and relate the articles in this special issue to the proposed agenda.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Total Factor Productivity (TFP),
Environmental Performance



Introduction
In recent years, academics in fields of several business administration have studied the economic and managerial implications of corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR may be defined, consistent with McWilliams and Siegel (2001), as actions on the part of a firm that appear to advance the promotion of some social good beyond the immediate interests of the firm/shareholders and beyond legal requirements. That is, CSR activities of companies are those that exceed compliance with respect to, e.g., environmental or social regulations, in order to create the perception or reality that these firms are advancing a social goal.
It is not surprising that some firms choose to be socially responsible in this sense. Most large multi-national companies encounter extensive pressure from consumers, employees, suppliers, community groups, government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and institutional shareholders to engage in CSR. Such CSR activities might include incorporating social characteristics or features into products and manufacturing processes (e.g., producing aerosol products with no fluorocarbons or making greater use of environmentally-friendly
technologies), striving to reach higher levels of environmental performance via recycling or pollution abatement (e.g., adopting an aggressive stance towards reducing emissions), or promoting the goals of community organizations or NGOs (e.g., United Way or Greenpeace). From an economics perspective, companies would be expected to engage in such activities if the perceived (measured or unmeasured) benefits exceeded the associated costs in the view of the decision-making entity.
Recent theories of CSR (Baron, 2001, McWilliams and Siegel, 2001, Bagnoli and Watts, 2003) thus conjecture that companies engage in “profit-maximizing” CSR, based on anticipated benefits from these actions. Examples of such benefits might include reputation enhancement,
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Corporate Social Responsibility and Economic PerformanceCorporate Social Responsibility and Economic PerformanceAbstractWe describe some perspectives on corporate social responsibility (CSR), in order to provide a context for considering the strategic motivations and implications of CSR. Based on this framework, which is based on characterizing optimal firm decision making and underlies most existing work on CSR, we propose an agenda for further theoretical and empirical research on CSR. We then summarize and relate the articles in this special issue to the proposed agenda.Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Total Factor Productivity (TFP),Environmental PerformanceIntroductionIn recent years, academics in fields of several business administration have studied the economic and managerial implications of corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR may be defined, consistent with McWilliams and Siegel (2001), as actions on the part of a firm that appear to advance the promotion of some social good beyond the immediate interests of the firm/shareholders and beyond legal requirements. That is, CSR activities of companies are those that exceed compliance with respect to, e.g., environmental or social regulations, in order to create the perception or reality that these firms are advancing a social goal.It is not surprising that some firms choose to be socially responsible in this sense. Most large multi-national companies encounter extensive pressure from consumers, employees, suppliers, community groups, government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and institutional shareholders to engage in CSR. Such CSR activities might include incorporating social characteristics or features into products and manufacturing processes (e.g., producing aerosol products with no fluorocarbons or making greater use of environmentally-friendlytechnologies), striving to reach higher levels of environmental performance via recycling or pollution abatement (e.g., adopting an aggressive stance towards reducing emissions), or promoting the goals of community organizations or NGOs (e.g., United Way or Greenpeace). From an economics perspective, companies would be expected to engage in such activities if the perceived (measured or unmeasured) benefits exceeded the associated costs in the view of the decision-making entity.Recent theories of CSR (Baron, 2001, McWilliams and Siegel, 2001, Bagnoli and Watts, 2003) thus conjecture that companies engage in “profit-maximizing” CSR, based on anticipated benefits from these actions. Examples of such benefits might include reputation enhancement,
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Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan dan Kinerja Ekonomi Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan dan Kinerja Ekonomi Abstrak Kami menjelaskan beberapa perspektif tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (CSR), dalam rangka memberikan konteks untuk mempertimbangkan motivasi strategis dan implikasi dari CSR. Berdasarkan kerangka ini, yang didasarkan pada karakteristik perusahaan pengambilan keputusan optimal dan mendasari sebagian pekerjaan yang ada di CSR, kami mengusulkan agenda untuk penelitian teoritis dan empiris lebih lanjut tentang CSR. Kami kemudian meringkas dan menghubungkan artikel dalam edisi khusus ini untuk agenda yang diusulkan. Kata kunci: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Total Factor Productivity (TFP), Lingkungan Kinerja Pendahuluan Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, akademisi di bidang beberapa administrasi bisnis telah mempelajari ekonomi dan implikasi manajerial dari tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (CSR). CSR dapat didefinisikan, konsisten dengan McWilliams dan Siegel (2001), sebagai tindakan pada bagian dari sebuah perusahaan yang muncul untuk memajukan promosi beberapa baik sosial di luar kepentingan langsung dari perusahaan / pemegang saham dan di luar persyaratan hukum. Artinya, kegiatan CSR perusahaan adalah mereka yang melebihi kepatuhan terhadap, misalnya, peraturan lingkungan atau sosial, dalam rangka menciptakan persepsi atau kenyataan bahwa perusahaan-perusahaan ini maju tujuan sosial. Hal ini tidak mengherankan bahwa beberapa perusahaan memilih untuk menjadi tanggung jawab sosial dalam pengertian ini. Sebagian besar perusahaan multi-nasional mengalami tekanan yang luas dari konsumen, karyawan, pemasok, kelompok masyarakat, pemerintah, organisasi non-pemerintah (LSM), dan pemegang saham institusional untuk terlibat dalam CSR. Kegiatan CSR tersebut mungkin termasuk menggabungkan karakteristik sosial atau fitur dalam produk dan proses manufaktur (misalnya, memproduksi produk aerosol tanpa fluorocarbons atau membuat penggunaan lebih besar ramah lingkungan teknologi), berjuang untuk mencapai tingkat yang lebih tinggi dari kinerja lingkungan melalui daur ulang atau pengurangan polusi (misalnya , mengadopsi sikap agresif terhadap pengurangan emisi), atau mempromosikan tujuan organisasi masyarakat atau LSM (misalnya, United Way atau Greenpeace). Dari perspektif ekonomi, perusahaan akan diharapkan untuk terlibat dalam kegiatan tersebut jika dirasakan (diukur atau tidak terukur) manfaat melebihi biaya yang terkait dalam pandangan entitas pengambilan keputusan. Teori Terbaru dari CSR (Baron, 2001, McWilliams dan Siegel, 2001, Bagnoli dan Watts, 2003) sehingga dugaan bahwa perusahaan terlibat dalam "memaksimalkan keuntungan" CSR, berdasarkan manfaat yang diharapkan dari tindakan ini. Contoh manfaat tersebut mungkin termasuk peningkatan reputasi,













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