Status hierarchies often become institutionalised, so that individual  terjemahan - Status hierarchies often become institutionalised, so that individual  Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Status hierarchies often become ins

Status hierarchies often become institutionalised, so that individual members do not engage in ongoing systematic social comparisons. Rather, they simply assume that partic-ular roles or role occupants are of higher status than their own role or themselves. Research into the formation of status hierarchies in newly created groups tends to support this view. Strodtbeck, James and Hawkins (1957) assembled mock juries to consider and render a verdict on transcripts of actual trials. They found that the high-status role of jury foreman almost always went to people who had higher occupational status outside the context of the jury (e.g. teachers or psychologists rather than janitors or mechanics).
One explanation of this phenomenon is proposed by expectation states theory (Berger, Fisek, Norman & Zelditch, 1977; Berger, Wagner & Zelditch, 1985; de Gilder & Wilke, 1994; Ridgeway, 2001). Status derives from two distinct sources:
1 Specific status characteristics - a person's attributes that relate directly to ability on the group task (e.g. being a good athlete in a sports team, a good musician in a band).
2 Diffuse status characteristics - a person's attributes that do not relate directly to ability on the group task but are generally positively or negatively valued in society (e.g. being wealthy, having a white-collar occupation, being white).
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Status hierarchies often become institutionalised, so that individual members do not engage in ongoing systematic social comparisons. Rather, they simply assume that partic-ular roles or role occupants are of higher status than their own role or themselves. Research into the formation of status hierarchies in newly created groups tends to support this view. Strodtbeck, James and Hawkins (1957) assembled mock juries to consider and render a verdict on transcripts of actual trials. They found that the high-status role of jury foreman almost always went to people who had higher occupational status outside the context of the jury (e.g. teachers or psychologists rather than janitors or mechanics). One explanation of this phenomenon is proposed by expectation states theory (Berger, Fisek, Norman & Zelditch, 1977; Berger, Wagner & Zelditch, 1985; de Gilder & Wilke, 1994; Ridgeway, 2001). Status derives from two distinct sources: 1 Specific status characteristics - a person's attributes that relate directly to ability on the group task (e.g. being a good athlete in a sports team, a good musician in a band). 2 Diffuse status characteristics - a person's attributes that do not relate directly to ability on the group task but are generally positively or negatively valued in society (e.g. being wealthy, having a white-collar occupation, being white).
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Status hirarki sering menjadi dilembagakan, sehingga anggota individu tidak terlibat dalam perbandingan sosial yang sedang berlangsung sistematis. Sebaliknya, mereka hanya menganggap bahwa peran partic-ular atau penghuni peran yang status lebih tinggi dari peran mereka sendiri atau diri mereka sendiri. Penelitian pembentukan hierarki status dalam kelompok yang baru dibuat cenderung mendukung pandangan ini. Strodtbeck, James dan Hawkins (1957) berkumpul juri tiruan untuk mempertimbangkan dan membuat vonis pada transkrip persidangan yang sebenarnya. Mereka menemukan bahwa peran berstatus tinggi dari juri mandor hampir selalu pergi ke orang-orang yang memiliki status pekerjaan yang lebih tinggi di luar konteks juri (misalnya guru atau psikolog bukan petugas kebersihan atau mekanik).
Salah satu penjelasan dari fenomena ini diusulkan oleh ekspektasi menyatakan teori (Berger, Fisek, Norman & Zelditch, 1977; Berger, Wagner & Zelditch, 1985; de Gilder & Wilke, 1994; Ridgeway, 2001). Status berasal dari dua sumber yang
berbeda:. 1 karakteristik Status khusus - atribut seseorang yang berhubungan langsung dengan kemampuan pada tugas kelompok (misalnya menjadi atlet yang baik dalam sebuah tim olahraga, musisi baik dalam sebuah band)
2 membaur karakteristik Status - seseorang atribut yang tidak berhubungan langsung dengan kemampuan pada tugas kelompok tapi umumnya positif atau negatif dihargai di masyarakat (misalnya menjadi kaya, memiliki pekerjaan kerah putih, yang putih).
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