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MERUPAKAN INSTRUKSI JAWABANNYA? Pada pandangan pertama, tampaknya bahwa operator 911 disebutkan sebelumnya membutuhkan pelatihan bagaimana untuk merekam informasi benar dan para siswa mulai kelas lima perlu belajar atau atau lebih unit pecahan. Tapi kita tahu bahwa lebih banyak instruksi akan memecahkan masalah? Mengingat operator 911, mungkin sesuatu di environme account untuk ketidakakuratan mereka? Analisis situasi mungkin mengungkapkan thMerupakan instruksi jawabannya? 31 the earpieces on the phones may not fit the operators properly or that transmissions have an unacceptable level of static. Training for the operators would not solve any of these problemi The fifth-graders' low test scores might be the result of the students' taking the year-end achievement test before they have completed the planned unit on fractions. The purpose for identifying the problem is to determine whether instruction should be part of the solution. A team who developed new training for the 911 operators or required them to repeat existing training would squander company resources if the cause was due to poor audio. Similarly, simply rescheduling the teaching of fractions or the achievement test might easily solve the fifth-graders' performance problem. Consider our Deep Well Chemical Company problem. What are the potential solutions for this problem? One option might be training or improved training. Another option to consider is the scheduling of the jobs. Further analysis might indicate that the time frame for each job is scheduled with little flexibility, resulting in the need for drivers to drive above the speed limit and take risks. A problem of this metre would require a change in policy and procedure as well as the work environin,:nt. Last, an analysis of the driving conditions might indicate that roads are hazardous, requiring additional training for drivers. The instructional design process begins with the identification of a problem or need. Why is performance below expectations? Once we know the root cause of the problem, we can determine whether an instructional intervention will solve the problem. Instructional designers can use three different approaches to identify instructional problems: needs assessment, goal analysis, and performance assess-ment Once the problem is identified, the instructional designer must determine the most appropriate intervention. Problems
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