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The Sumatran species is critically endangered[69] and the Bornean species is endangered[70] according to the IUCN Red List of mammals, and both are listed on Appendix I of CITES.[69][70] The Bornean orangutan population declined by 50% in the past 60 years. Its range has become patchy throughout Borneo, being largely extirpated from various parts of the island, including the southeast.[70] The largest remaining population is found in the forest around the Sabangau River, but this environment is at risk.[71] Sumatran orangutan populations declined by 80% in 75 years.[69] This species is now found only in the northern part of Sumatra, with most of the population inhabiting the Leuser Ecosystem.[69] In late March 2012, some of the last Sumatran orangutans in northern Sumatra were reported to be threatened with approaching forest fires and might be wiped out entirely within a matter of weeks.[72]Estimates between 2000 and 2003 found 7,300 Sumatran orangutans[69] and between 45,000 and 69,000 Bornean orangutans[70] remain in the wild. A 2007 study by the Government of Indonesia noted a total wild population of 61,234 orangutans, 54,567 of which were found on the island of Borneo in 2004. The table below shows a breakdown of the species and subspecies and their estimated populations from the report:[73]
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