Communication, perhaps the most important word in management, is a maj terjemahan - Communication, perhaps the most important word in management, is a maj Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Communication, perhaps the most imp

Communication, perhaps the most important word in management, is a major component
in motivation. An organization’s system of communication determines whether strategies can
be implemented successfully. Good two-way communication is vital for gaining support for
departmental and divisional objectives and policies. Top-down communication can encourage
bottom-up communication. The strategic-management process becomes a lot easier when
subordinates are encouraged to discuss their concerns, reveal their problems, provide recommendations,
and give suggestions. A primary reason for instituting strategic management is to
build and support effective communication networks throughout the firm.
The manager of tomorrow must be able to get his people to commit themselves to the
business, whether they are machine operators or junior vice-presidents. The key
issue will be empowerment, a term whose strength suggests the need to get beyond
merely sharing a little information and a bit of decision making.15
Staffing
The management function of staffing, also called personnel management or human resource
management, includes activities such as recruiting, interviewing, testing, selecting, orienting,
training, developing, caring for, evaluating, rewarding, disciplining, promoting, transferring,
demoting, and dismissing employees, as well as managing union relations.
Staffing activities play a major role in strategy-implementation efforts, and for this
reason, human resource managers are becoming more actively involved in the strategicmanagement
process. It is important to identify strengths and weaknesses in the staffing area.
The complexity and importance of human resource activities have increased to such a
degree that all but the smallest organizations now need a full-time human resource manager.
Numerous court cases that directly affect staffing activities are decided each day.
Organizations and individuals can be penalized severely for not following federal, state,
and local laws and guidelines related to staffing. Line managers simply cannot stay abreast
of all the legal developments and requirements regarding staffing. The human resources
department coordinates staffing decisions in the firm so that an organization as a whole
meets legal requirements. This department also provides needed consistency in administering
company rules, wages, policies, and employee benefits as well as collective bargaining
with unions.
Human resource management is particularly challenging for international companies.
For example, the inability of spouses and children to adapt to new surroundings can be a
staffing problem in overseas transfers. The problems include premature returns, job performance
slumps, resignations, discharges, low morale, marital discord, and general discontent.
Firms such as Ford Motor and ExxonMobil screen and interview spouses and children
before assigning persons to overseas positions. 3M Corporation introduces children to
peers in the target country and offers spouses educational benefits.
Controlling
The controlling function of management includes all of those activities undertaken to ensure
that actual operations conform to planned operations. All managers in an organization have
controlling responsibilities, such as conducting performance evaluations and taking necessary
action to minimize inefficiencies. The controlling function of management is particularly
important for effective strategy evaluation. Controlling consists of four basic steps:
1. Establishing performance standards
2. Measuring individual and organizational performance
3. Comparing actual performance to planned performance standards
4. Taking corrective actions
Measuring individual performance is often conducted ineffectively or not at all in
organizations. Some reasons for this shortcoming are that evaluations can create confrontations
that most managers prefer to avoid, can take more time than most managers are
willing to give, and can require skills that many managers lack. No single approach to
measuring individual performance is without limitations. For this reason, an organization
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Communication, perhaps the most important word in management, is a major componentin motivation. An organization’s system of communication determines whether strategies canbe implemented successfully. Good two-way communication is vital for gaining support fordepartmental and divisional objectives and policies. Top-down communication can encouragebottom-up communication. The strategic-management process becomes a lot easier whensubordinates are encouraged to discuss their concerns, reveal their problems, provide recommendations,and give suggestions. A primary reason for instituting strategic management is tobuild and support effective communication networks throughout the firm.The manager of tomorrow must be able to get his people to commit themselves to thebusiness, whether they are machine operators or junior vice-presidents. The keyissue will be empowerment, a term whose strength suggests the need to get beyondmerely sharing a little information and a bit of decision making.15StaffingThe management function of staffing, also called personnel management or human resourcemanagement, includes activities such as recruiting, interviewing, testing, selecting, orienting,training, developing, caring for, evaluating, rewarding, disciplining, promoting, transferring,demoting, and dismissing employees, as well as managing union relations.Staffing activities play a major role in strategy-implementation efforts, and for thisreason, human resource managers are becoming more actively involved in the strategicmanagementprocess. It is important to identify strengths and weaknesses in the staffing area.The complexity and importance of human resource activities have increased to such adegree that all but the smallest organizations now need a full-time human resource manager.Numerous court cases that directly affect staffing activities are decided each day.Organizations and individuals can be penalized severely for not following federal, state,and local laws and guidelines related to staffing. Line managers simply cannot stay abreastof all the legal developments and requirements regarding staffing. The human resourcesdepartment coordinates staffing decisions in the firm so that an organization as a wholemeets legal requirements. This department also provides needed consistency in administeringcompany rules, wages, policies, and employee benefits as well as collective bargainingwith unions.Human resource management is particularly challenging for international companies.For example, the inability of spouses and children to adapt to new surroundings can be astaffing problem in overseas transfers. The problems include premature returns, job performanceslumps, resignations, discharges, low morale, marital discord, and general discontent.Firms such as Ford Motor and ExxonMobil screen and interview spouses and childrenbefore assigning persons to overseas positions. 3M Corporation introduces children topeers in the target country and offers spouses educational benefits.ControllingThe controlling function of management includes all of those activities undertaken to ensurethat actual operations conform to planned operations. All managers in an organization havecontrolling responsibilities, such as conducting performance evaluations and taking necessaryaction to minimize inefficiencies. The controlling function of management is particularlyimportant for effective strategy evaluation. Controlling consists of four basic steps:1. Establishing performance standards2. Measuring individual and organizational performance3. Comparing actual performance to planned performance standards4. Taking corrective actionsMeasuring individual performance is often conducted ineffectively or not at all inorganizations. Some reasons for this shortcoming are that evaluations can create confrontationsthat most managers prefer to avoid, can take more time than most managers arewilling to give, and can require skills that many managers lack. No single approach tomeasuring individual performance is without limitations. For this reason, an organization
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Komunikasi, mungkin kata yang paling penting dalam manajemen, merupakan komponen utama
dalam motivasi. Sistem organisasi komunikasi menentukan apakah strategi dapat
diimplementasikan dengan sukses. Baik komunikasi dua arah sangat penting untuk mendapatkan dukungan untuk
tujuan dan kebijakan departemen dan divisi. Komunikasi top-down dapat mendorong
komunikasi bottom-up. Proses strategis manajemen menjadi jauh lebih mudah ketika
bawahan didorong untuk membahas keprihatinan mereka, mengungkapkan masalah mereka, memberikan rekomendasi,
dan memberikan saran. Alasan utama untuk melembagakan manajemen strategis adalah untuk
membangun dan mendukung jaringan komunikasi yang efektif di seluruh perusahaan.
Manajer besok harus mampu membuat orang untuk berkomitmen dengan
bisnis, apakah mereka operator mesin atau junior wakil presiden. Kunci
masalah akan pemberdayaan, istilah yang kekuatannya menunjukkan kebutuhan untuk mendapatkan melampaui
sekedar berbagi sedikit informasi dan sedikit keputusan making.15
Staffing
Fungsi manajemen kepegawaian, juga disebut manajemen personalia atau sumber daya manusia
manajemen, termasuk kegiatan seperti merekrut, wawancara, tes, memilih, orientasi,
pelatihan, pengembangan, merawat, mengevaluasi, bermanfaat, mendisiplinkan, mempromosikan, mentransfer,
menurunkan jabatan, dan menolak karyawan, serta mengelola hubungan serikat.
Kegiatan Staffing memainkan peran utama dalam strategi implementasi upaya, dan untuk ini
alasan, manajer sumber daya manusia menjadi lebih aktif terlibat dalam strategicmanagement
proses. Hal ini penting untuk mengidentifikasi kekuatan dan kelemahan di daerah kepegawaian.
Kompleksitas dan pentingnya kegiatan sumber daya manusia telah meningkat ke seperti
gelar yang semua tapi organisasi terkecil sekarang membutuhkan penuh waktu manajer sumber daya manusia.
Banyak kasus pengadilan yang secara langsung mempengaruhi staf kegiatan diputuskan setiap hari.
Organisasi dan individu dapat dihukum berat untuk tidak mengikuti federal, negara bagian,
dan hukum setempat dan pedoman yang berkaitan dengan kepegawaian. Manajer lini tidak bisa tetap mengikuti
semua perkembangan hukum dan persyaratan mengenai kepegawaian. Sumber daya manusia
departemen Koordinat keputusan kepegawaian di perusahaan sehingga organisasi secara keseluruhan
memenuhi persyaratan hukum. Departemen ini juga menyediakan dibutuhkan konsistensi dalam pemberian
aturan perusahaan, upah, kebijakan, dan kesejahteraan karyawan serta perundingan bersama
dengan serikat.
Manajemen sumber daya manusia sangat menantang bagi perusahaan-perusahaan internasional.
Misalnya, ketidakmampuan pasangan dan anak-anak untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan baru bisa menjadi
masalah kepegawaian di transfer ke luar negeri. Masalah termasuk pengembalian dini, prestasi kerja
merosot, pengunduran diri, pembuangan, moral yang rendah, perselisihan perkawinan, dan ketidakpuasan umum.
Perusahaan seperti Ford Motor dan layar dan wawancara ExxonMobil pasangan dan anak-anak
sebelum menugaskan orang untuk posisi di luar negeri. 3M Perusahaan memperkenalkan anak-anak untuk
rekan-rekan di negara target dan menawarkan pasangan manfaat pendidikan.
Mengontrol
Fungsi pengendalian manajemen mencakup semua kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk memastikan
bahwa operasi yang sebenarnya sesuai dengan operasi yang direncanakan. Semua manajer dalam suatu organisasi memiliki
tanggung jawab pengendali, seperti melakukan evaluasi kinerja dan mengambil diperlukan
tindakan untuk meminimalkan inefisiensi. Fungsi pengendalian manajemen sangat
penting untuk evaluasi strategi yang efektif. Pengendalian terdiri dari empat langkah dasar:
1. Menetapkan standar kinerja
2. Mengukur individu dan organisasi kinerja
3. Membandingkan kinerja aktual dengan standar kinerja yang direncanakan
4. Mengambil tindakan korektif
Mengukur kinerja individu sering dilakukan tidak efektif atau tidak sama sekali dalam
organisasi. Beberapa alasan untuk kekurangan ini adalah bahwa evaluasi dapat membuat konfrontasi
yang sebagian besar manajer lebih memilih untuk menghindari, dapat mengambil lebih banyak waktu daripada kebanyakan manajer
bersedia memberikan, dan dapat memerlukan keterampilan yang kurang banyak manajer. Tidak ada pendekatan tunggal untuk
mengukur kinerja individu tanpa keterbatasan. Untuk alasan ini, sebuah organisasi
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