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[Salinan]Disalin!
The abdomen is distended to a pressure of 10–15 mmHg using either a Verress needle or Hasson technique. The optical port is placed just caudal to the umbilicus and the caudal abdominal region is explored. If the retained testicle is not easily visualized, the inguinal ring should be examined closely to see if the ductus deferens and testicular vasculature extend into the inguinal canal. If they do, the laparoscopic procedure is abandoned and converted into routine open surgery for retrieval of an inguinal testis. Once an intra-abdominal testicle has been located, two additional instrument ports are placed under direct visualization, one on each side just lateral to the rectus abdominis muscle about halfway from the umbilicus to the pubis (Figure 67-1).
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