Serum creatinineOnly two studies re

Serum creatinine

Only two studies reported serum creatinine at the end of treatment26, 28. Pooled data from the two included studies suggested that there were no significant difference between the two treatments (MD = 0.01 mg/dl, 95% CI, −0.11 to 0.13, P = 0.89). Moreover, there was no heterogeneity, and the analysis was performed using a fixed effect model (I2 = 0, P = 0.58) (Figure 4B).
Proteinuria

Two studies reported proteinuria at the end of treatment18, 26. Compared with other immunotherapies, rituximab treatment reduced proteinuria by 0.25 g/d (MD = −0.25, 95% CI = −0.29 to −0.21, P < 0.00001). The results are showed in Figure 4C.
Other parameters

Sinha A reported that there was no between-group difference (2 groups) in the estimated glomerular filtration rate at the 1-year follow-up28. Furthermore, another included study reported that rituximab did not decrease the IgG levels in patients with SDNS compared with the control treatment, but it prolonged preexisting low IgG levels29.
Safety
Adverse events

It was reported that the adverse effects included bronchospasm, hypotension, and skin rash in patients receiving rituximab treatment. Because of their minor severity, these adverse events rapidly and completely resolved by reducing the drug infusion rate or providing minor supportive treatment. We only included grade 3–4 adverse events in the analysis. No significant differences were observed in events of bronchospasm (RR = 5.84, 95% CI, 0.73 to 46.34, P = 0.10), hypotension (RR = 2.94, 95% CI, 0.48 to 18.07, P = 0.24), acute renal failure (RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.14 to 6.54, P = 0.98), or skin rash (RR = 2.91, 95% CI = 0.32 to 26.79, P = 0.35) between the two groups.
Publication bias

Relapse-free survival was assessed for publication bias. No evidence of publication bias was disclosed among the included studies by statistical testing, using Stata software, version 11.0 (Egg's test, P = 0.238; Begg's test, P = 0.734).

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Kreatinin serumHanya dua studi melaporkan kreatinin serum pada akhir treatment26, 28. Data yang terkumpul dari dua studi termasuk menyarankan bahwa ada tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara dua perlakuan (MD = 0.01 mg/dl, 95% CI, −0.11 untuk 0,13, P = 0.89). Selain itu, ada tidak ada heterogenitas, dan analisis dilakukan menggunakan model tetap efek (I2 = 0, P = 0,58) (gambar 4B).ProteinuriaDua penelitian dilaporkan proteinuria pada akhir treatment18, 26. Dibandingkan dengan immunotherapies lainnya, rituximab pengobatan dikurangi proteinuria 0.25 g/d (MD = −0.25, 95% CI = −0.29 untuk −0.21, P < 0.00001). Hasilnya menunjukkan dalam gambar 4 c.Parameter lainSinha A melaporkan bahwa ada tidak ada perbedaan antara kelompok (2 kelompok) dalam laju filtrasi glomerulus perkiraan di 1-tahun tindak-up28. Selain itu, studi termasuk lain melaporkan bahwa rituximab tidak mengurangi tingkat IgG pada pasien dengan SDNS dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol, tapi itu berkepanjangan ada rendah IgG levels29.KeselamatanEfek sampingDilaporkan bahwa efek samping termasuk bronkospasme, hipotensi dan ruam kulit pada pasien menerima perawatan rituximab. Karena keparahan mereka kecil, peristiwa-peristiwa buruk ini dengan cepat dan benar-benar diselesaikan dengan mengurangi laju infus obat atau menyediakan perawatan suportif kecil. Kami hanya termasuk kelas 3 – 4 kejadian buruk dalam analisis. Ada perbedaan signifikan yang diamati pada peristiwa bronkospasme (RR = 5.84, 95% CI, 0,73 untuk 46.34, P = 0,10), hipotensi (RR = 2.94, 95% CI, 0,48 untuk 18,07, P = 0.24), gagal ginjal akut (RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0,14 untuk 6,54, P = 0.98), atau ruam kulit (RR = 2,91, 95% CI = 0,32 untuk 26,79, P = 0,35) antara dua kelompok.Publikasi biasKelangsungan hidup kambuh dinilai untuk publikasi bias. Tidak ada bukti publikasi bias diungkapkan antara studi termasuk oleh Statistik pengujian, menggunakan Stata perangkat lunak, versi 11,0 (telur tes, P = 0.238; Begg di tes, P = 0.734).