3.4.3. Creditor rights, free cash flow, and dividend payoutsIn Table 8 terjemahan - 3.4.3. Creditor rights, free cash flow, and dividend payoutsIn Table 8 Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

3.4.3. Creditor rights, free cash f

3.4.3. Creditor rights, free cash flow, and dividend payouts
In Table 8, we investigate the interaction between creditor rights and firm-level free cash flows. We follow the same format as in Table 7 by estimating two logit regressions for the propensity to pay dividends, and two Tobit regressions for dividend amounts. The first regression (i.e., Models 1 and 3) includes year fixed effects and the second regression includes both year and industry fixed effects. In addition to our standard control variables,we include a dummy variable for free cash flows,POS_FCF,which equals one if free cash flows are positive and zero otherwise. We define free cash flow as operating income(data 14) minus interest expense (data 15) minus income taxes (data 23) plus depreciation and amortization(data 11), all scaled by the book value of assets (data 89).Our main variable of interest is the interaction between creditor rights and free cash flows,CR X POS_FCF.In contrast to the mitigating effect of credit quality
revealed in Table 7, we expect that positive free cash flows will exacerbate the relation between creditor rights and dividend payouts; that is, we posit a positive and
significant coefficient for this interaction term.As hypothesized, the estimated coefficient for CR X POS_FCF (0.28612) in Model 1 is positive and
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3.4.3. Creditor rights, free cash flow, and dividend payoutsIn Table 8, we investigate the interaction between creditor rights and firm-level free cash flows. We follow the same format as in Table 7 by estimating two logit regressions for the propensity to pay dividends, and two Tobit regressions for dividend amounts. The first regression (i.e., Models 1 and 3) includes year fixed effects and the second regression includes both year and industry fixed effects. In addition to our standard control variables,we include a dummy variable for free cash flows,POS_FCF,which equals one if free cash flows are positive and zero otherwise. We define free cash flow as operating income(data 14) minus interest expense (data 15) minus income taxes (data 23) plus depreciation and amortization(data 11), all scaled by the book value of assets (data 89).Our main variable of interest is the interaction between creditor rights and free cash flows,CR X POS_FCF.In contrast to the mitigating effect of credit qualityrevealed in Table 7, we expect that positive free cash flows will exacerbate the relation between creditor rights and dividend payouts; that is, we posit a positive andsignificant coefficient for this interaction term.As hypothesized, the estimated coefficient for CR X POS_FCF (0.28612) in Model 1 is positive and
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3.4.3. Hak kreditur, arus kas bebas, dan pembayaran dividen
Pada Tabel 8, kita menyelidiki interaksi antara hak kreditur dan perusahaan-tingkat arus kas bebas. Kami mengikuti format yang sama seperti pada Tabel 7 dengan memperkirakan dua regresi logit untuk kecenderungan untuk membayar dividen, dan dua regresi Tobit untuk jumlah dividen. Regresi pertama (yaitu, Model 1 dan 3) termasuk efek tahun tetap dan regresi kedua meliputi efek tahun dan industri tetap. Selain variabel kontrol standar kami, kami menyertakan variabel dummy untuk arus kas bebas, POS_FCF, yang sama dengan satu jika arus kas bebas positif dan nol sebaliknya. Kami mendefinisikan arus kas bebas sebagai pendapatan operasional (data 14) dikurangi beban bunga (data 15) dikurangi pajak penghasilan (data 23) ditambah depresiasi dan amortisasi (data 11), semua skala dengan nilai buku aset (data 89) .Kami utama variabel yang menarik adalah interaksi antara hak kreditur dan arus kas bebas, CR X POS_FCF.In Berbeda dengan efek yang meringankan kualitas kredit
terungkap dalam Tabel 7, kami berharap bahwa arus kas bebas positif akan memperburuk hubungan antara hak kreditur dan pembayaran dividen; yaitu, kita mengandaikan positif dan
koefisien yang signifikan untuk interaksi ini term.As hipotesis, koefisien diperkirakan untuk CR X POS_FCF (0,28612) di Model 1 adalah positif dan
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