Background and objectives Not all fluids may be equally beneficial for terjemahan - Background and objectives Not all fluids may be equally beneficial for Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Background and objectives Not all f

Background and objectives
Not all fluids may be equally beneficial for reducing the risk of kidney stones. In particular, it is not clear whether sugar and artificially sweetened soda increase the risk. Design, setting, participants, & measurements We prospectively analyzed the association between intake of several types of beverages and incidence of kidney stones in three large ongoing cohort studies. Information on consumption of beverages and development of kidney stones was collected by validated
questionnaires.

Results
The analysis involved 194,095 participants; over a median follow-up of more than 8 years, 4462 incident cases occurred. There was a 23% higher risk of developing kidney stones in the highest category of consumption of sugar-sweetened cola compared with the lowest category (P for trend=0.02) and a 33% higher risk of developing kidney stones for sugar-sweetened noncola (P for trend=0.003); there was a marginally significant higher risk of developing kidney stones for artificially sweetened noncola (P for trend=0.05). Also, there was an 18% higher risk for punch (P for trend=0.04) and lower risks of 26% for caffeinated coffee (P for trend,0.001), 16%for decaffeinated coffee (P for trend=0.01), 11%for tea (P for trend=0.02), 31%–33%for wine (P for trend,0.005), 41% for beer (P for trend,0.001), and 12% for orange juice (P for trend=0.004).

Conclusions
Consumption of sugar-sweetened soda and punch is associated with a higher risk of stone formation, whereas consumption of coffee, tea, beer, wine, and orange juice is associated with a lower risk.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1: [Salinan]
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Latar belakang dan tujuan
tidak semua cairan mungkin sama bermanfaat untuk mengurangi resiko batu ginjal. Secara khusus, hal ini tidak jelas apakah gula dan soda manis artifisial meningkatkan risiko. Desain, pengaturan, peserta, & pengukuran kami prospektif menganalisis hubungan antara asupan dari beberapa jenis minuman serta timbulnya batu ginjal dalam tiga Studi kohort berkelanjutan yang besar. Informasi tentang konsumsi minuman dan pengembangan ginjal batu dikumpulkan oleh divalidasi
kuesioner.

hasil
analisis terlibat 194,095 peserta; selama rata-rata tindak lanjut dari lebih dari 8 tahun, 4462 kasus insiden terjadi. Ada 23% risiko lebih tinggi mengembangkan batu ginjal dalam kategori tertinggi konsumsi gula-manis Cola dibandingkan dengan kategori terendah (P untuk tren = 0,02) dan 33% risiko lebih tinggi mengembangkan batu ginjal untuk gula-manis noncola (P untuk tren = 0.003); ada sedikit signifikan risiko lebih tinggi mengembangkan batu ginjal untuk artifisial manis noncola (P untuk tren = 0.05). Juga, ada risiko tinggi 18% untuk pukulan (P untuk tren = 0,04) dan risiko yang lebih rendah dari 26% berkafein kopi (P untuk tren, 0.001), 16% untuk kopi kopi tanpa kafein (P untuk tren = 0.01), 11% untuk teh (P untuk tren = 0,02), 31% –33% untuk wain (P untuk tren, 0.005), 41% untuk bir (P untuk tren, 0.001), dan 12% untuk jus jeruk (P untuk tren = 004).

kesimpulan
konsumsi soda gula-manis dan pukulan dikaitkan dengan risiko lebih tinggi formasi batu, sedangkan konsumsi kopi, teh, bir, jus anggur dan jeruk dikaitkan dengan risiko rendah.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
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Background and objectives
Not all fluids may be equally beneficial for reducing the risk of kidney stones. In particular, it is not clear whether sugar and artificially sweetened soda increase the risk. Design, setting, participants, & measurements We prospectively analyzed the association between intake of several types of beverages and incidence of kidney stones in three large ongoing cohort studies. Information on consumption of beverages and development of kidney stones was collected by validated
questionnaires.

Results
The analysis involved 194,095 participants; over a median follow-up of more than 8 years, 4462 incident cases occurred. There was a 23% higher risk of developing kidney stones in the highest category of consumption of sugar-sweetened cola compared with the lowest category (P for trend=0.02) and a 33% higher risk of developing kidney stones for sugar-sweetened noncola (P for trend=0.003); there was a marginally significant higher risk of developing kidney stones for artificially sweetened noncola (P for trend=0.05). Also, there was an 18% higher risk for punch (P for trend=0.04) and lower risks of 26% for caffeinated coffee (P for trend,0.001), 16%for decaffeinated coffee (P for trend=0.01), 11%for tea (P for trend=0.02), 31%–33%for wine (P for trend,0.005), 41% for beer (P for trend,0.001), and 12% for orange juice (P for trend=0.004).

Conclusions
Consumption of sugar-sweetened soda and punch is associated with a higher risk of stone formation, whereas consumption of coffee, tea, beer, wine, and orange juice is associated with a lower risk.
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