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Hypophosphorous, phosphorous & hydr

Hypophosphorous, phosphorous & hydriodic acid

Found this interesting info on our favourite acids:

HYPOPHOSPHOROUS ACID
Boil water with phosphuret of barium. Part of the water is decomposed; a portion of the phosphorus combines with the hydrogen of the water, forming phosphureted hydrogen which escapes, and other portions produce hypophosphorous and phosphoric acids, by combining with its oxygen. These acids unite with baryta, the phosphate of baryta, which is insoluble, being left while the hypophosphite of baryta may be removed in solution by water.

To the solution of the hypophosphite gradually add diluted sulphuric acid, till no further precipitate appears; filter, that the sulphate of baryta formed in this manner may be separated; the solution contains the hypophosphorous acid.

The solution of the acid may be concentrated till it becomes viscid and crystalline. When subjected to an increased heat, the acid and water react upon each other; part of the acid acquiring oxygen from the water and also from another portion of acid which is decomposed, and producing phosphoric acid; while the phosphorus of the decomposed acid, along with the hydrogen of the water, form phosphureted hydrogen. All its salts are soluble; and it is a powerful deoxidating agent.

PHOSPHOROUS ACID
Phosphorous Acid is formed when phosphorus is inflamed in a smaller quantity of air than is necessary for its complete combustion, and even when phosphorus is exposed to the air at natural temperatures. It is mixed, however, with phosphoric or metaphosphoric acid. The process best adapted for preparing it in a pure state, was pointed out by Sir H. Davy. A piece of dry phosphorus is put into a tube retort, and bichloride of mercury in powder placed over it. On exposing the retort to heat, the phosphorus, as it rises in vapor through the bichloride, takes one proportion of chlorine from it, and a limpid fluid condenses in the receiver, a compound of chlorine and phosphorus. On mixing it with water. they mutually decompose each other, the chlorine combining with the hydrogen of a portion of the water, and forming hydrochloric acid, while the phosphorus takes the oxygen, and is converted into phosphorous acid; by heating the liquid till it becomes of a thick consistence, all the hydrochloric acid and most of the water are driven oft and the phosphorous acid, still combined with a portion of water, becomes a solid crystalline mass on cooling.

It has a sour taste and a disagreeable fetid smell. It reddens the vegetable blues, and when exposed to heat it is decomposed, a portion of phosphureted hydrogen being disengaged, and phosphoric acid remaining. It is a powerful deoxidating agent, and precipitates gold, silver, mercury, arid platinum in the metallic form.

HYDRIODIC ACID
Hydriodic acid gas is formed by the action of one part of phosphorus with ten of iodine and four of water. The iodine and water are put first into a very small glass-retort or flask, the phosphorus added, and a gentle heat applied with a spirit lamp. In a very short time, a brisk reaction commences, a slight explosion generally taking place within the retort from the heat produced inflaming a portion of phosphorus, and also from the disengagement of a little phosphureted hydrogen. Dense vapors are at the same time disengaged, and the hydriodic acid gas may be collected by displacement after these have been expelled. Water absorbs it as rapidly as hydrochloric acid gas, end it cannot be kept long over mercury, as this metal begins to act upon it whenever they come into contact, the mercury combining with the iodine, and leaving hydrogen gas. Phosphureted hydrogen is disengaged in considerable quantity towards the end of the operation; when it begins to come, it is recognized by the acid gas with which it is mixed producing with the air a whiter colored vapor than previously; the process should then be stopped to prevent it from accumulating. Fifty or a hundred grains of iodine, with the proper quantity of phosphorus and water, will be found quite sufficient, using a retort capable of containing about five or six ounces of water. Constant attention must be paid to this operation while it is going on.

A number of complicated changes take place during the preparation of this gas, from the reaction of the different substances mixed together and part of the newly formed products. Small cubical crystals may frequently be seen in the neck of the flask or retort employed; they consist of hydriodic acid and Phosphureted hydrogen, and are rapidly decomposed by water with effervescence, this fluid combining with the hydriodic acid. The hydriodic acid gas is produced by the iodine combining with the hydrogen of a portion of water which is decomposed, the oxygen uniting with the phosphorus.

Other processes for the preparation of hydriodic acid gas have been recommended, but there is none by which the beginner can prepare a small quantity more easily than that which has been described. There are several circumstances with respect to the Phosphureted hydrogen, and the other products that are formed at different periods of the process, according to the temperature applied, and the proportion of water employed, which require further investigation.

M. F. D’Arcet has proposed to prepare hydriodic acid gas in a very pure form by heating a solution of hypophosphorous acid, till it begins to give off Phosphureted hydrogen by decomposing water, after which it is to be cooled, and mixed with an equal weight of iodine. On subjecting the mixture to a gentle heat, the water affords hydrogen to the iodine, producing hydriodic acid gas, while its oxygen is transferred to the hypophosphorous acid.
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Hypophosphorous, phosphorous & hydriodic acid Found this interesting info on our favourite acids:HYPOPHOSPHOROUS ACIDBoil water with phosphuret of barium. Part of the water is decomposed; a portion of the phosphorus combines with the hydrogen of the water, forming phosphureted hydrogen which escapes, and other portions produce hypophosphorous and phosphoric acids, by combining with its oxygen. These acids unite with baryta, the phosphate of baryta, which is insoluble, being left while the hypophosphite of baryta may be removed in solution by water.To the solution of the hypophosphite gradually add diluted sulphuric acid, till no further precipitate appears; filter, that the sulphate of baryta formed in this manner may be separated; the solution contains the hypophosphorous acid.The solution of the acid may be concentrated till it becomes viscid and crystalline. When subjected to an increased heat, the acid and water react upon each other; part of the acid acquiring oxygen from the water and also from another portion of acid which is decomposed, and producing phosphoric acid; while the phosphorus of the decomposed acid, along with the hydrogen of the water, form phosphureted hydrogen. All its salts are soluble; and it is a powerful deoxidating agent.PHOSPHOROUS ACIDPhosphorous Acid is formed when phosphorus is inflamed in a smaller quantity of air than is necessary for its complete combustion, and even when phosphorus is exposed to the air at natural temperatures. It is mixed, however, with phosphoric or metaphosphoric acid. The process best adapted for preparing it in a pure state, was pointed out by Sir H. Davy. A piece of dry phosphorus is put into a tube retort, and bichloride of mercury in powder placed over it. On exposing the retort to heat, the phosphorus, as it rises in vapor through the bichloride, takes one proportion of chlorine from it, and a limpid fluid condenses in the receiver, a compound of chlorine and phosphorus. On mixing it with water. they mutually decompose each other, the chlorine combining with the hydrogen of a portion of the water, and forming hydrochloric acid, while the phosphorus takes the oxygen, and is converted into phosphorous acid; by heating the liquid till it becomes of a thick consistence, all the hydrochloric acid and most of the water are driven oft and the phosphorous acid, still combined with a portion of water, becomes a solid crystalline mass on cooling.It has a sour taste and a disagreeable fetid smell. It reddens the vegetable blues, and when exposed to heat it is decomposed, a portion of phosphureted hydrogen being disengaged, and phosphoric acid remaining. It is a powerful deoxidating agent, and precipitates gold, silver, mercury, arid platinum in the metallic form.HYDRIODIC ACIDHydriodic acid gas is formed by the action of one part of phosphorus with ten of iodine and four of water. The iodine and water are put first into a very small glass-retort or flask, the phosphorus added, and a gentle heat applied with a spirit lamp. In a very short time, a brisk reaction commences, a slight explosion generally taking place within the retort from the heat produced inflaming a portion of phosphorus, and also from the disengagement of a little phosphureted hydrogen. Dense vapors are at the same time disengaged, and the hydriodic acid gas may be collected by displacement after these have been expelled. Water absorbs it as rapidly as hydrochloric acid gas, end it cannot be kept long over mercury, as this metal begins to act upon it whenever they come into contact, the mercury combining with the iodine, and leaving hydrogen gas. Phosphureted hydrogen is disengaged in considerable quantity towards the end of the operation; when it begins to come, it is recognized by the acid gas with which it is mixed producing with the air a whiter colored vapor than previously; the process should then be stopped to prevent it from accumulating. Fifty or a hundred grains of iodine, with the proper quantity of phosphorus and water, will be found quite sufficient, using a retort capable of containing about five or six ounces of water. Constant attention must be paid to this operation while it is going on.
A number of complicated changes take place during the preparation of this gas, from the reaction of the different substances mixed together and part of the newly formed products. Small cubical crystals may frequently be seen in the neck of the flask or retort employed; they consist of hydriodic acid and Phosphureted hydrogen, and are rapidly decomposed by water with effervescence, this fluid combining with the hydriodic acid. The hydriodic acid gas is produced by the iodine combining with the hydrogen of a portion of water which is decomposed, the oxygen uniting with the phosphorus.

Other processes for the preparation of hydriodic acid gas have been recommended, but there is none by which the beginner can prepare a small quantity more easily than that which has been described. There are several circumstances with respect to the Phosphureted hydrogen, and the other products that are formed at different periods of the process, according to the temperature applied, and the proportion of water employed, which require further investigation.

M. F. D’Arcet has proposed to prepare hydriodic acid gas in a very pure form by heating a solution of hypophosphorous acid, till it begins to give off Phosphureted hydrogen by decomposing water, after which it is to be cooled, and mixed with an equal weight of iodine. On subjecting the mixture to a gentle heat, the water affords hydrogen to the iodine, producing hydriodic acid gas, while its oxygen is transferred to the hypophosphorous acid.
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Hypophosphorous, fosfor & asam hydriodic Ditemukan info ini menarik pada asam favorit kami: Hypophosphorous ACID air Rebus dengan phosphuret barium. Bagian dari air terurai; sebagian dari fosfor menggabungkan dengan hidrogen dari air, membentuk hidrogen phosphureted yang lolos, dan bagian-bagian lainnya menghasilkan asam hypophosphorous dan fosfat, dengan menggabungkan dengan oksigen. Asam ini bersatu dengan Baryta, fosfat dari Baryta, yang tidak larut, yang meninggalkan sementara hypophosphite dari Baryta dapat dihapus dalam larutan air. Untuk solusi dari hypophosphite secara bertahap menambahkan asam sulfat encer, sampai tidak ada endapan lanjut muncul; filter, bahwa sulfat dari Baryta terbentuk dengan cara ini dapat dipisahkan; larutan mengandung asam hypophosphorous. Solusi dari asam dapat terkonsentrasi sampai menjadi kental dan kristal. Ketika mengalami panas meningkat, asam dan air bereaksi pada satu sama lain; bagian dari asam memperoleh oksigen dari air dan juga dari bagian lain dari asam yang terurai, dan memproduksi asam fosfat; sedangkan fosfor dari asam membusuk, bersama dengan hidrogen dari air, membentuk hidrogen phosphureted. Semua garamnya larut; dan itu adalah agen deoxidating kuat. FOSFOR ACID Phosphor Asam terbentuk ketika fosfor meradang dalam jumlah yang lebih kecil dari udara daripada yang diperlukan untuk pembakaran lengkap, dan bahkan ketika fosfor terkena udara pada suhu alami. Hal ini dicampur, bagaimanapun, dengan fosfat atau asam metafosfat. Proses terbaik disesuaikan untuk mempersiapkan itu dalam keadaan murni, ditunjukkan oleh Sir H. Davy. Sepotong fosfor kering dimasukkan ke dalam retort tabung, dan bichloride merkuri dalam bubuk ditempatkan di atasnya. Pada mengekspos retort untuk memanaskan, fosfor, seperti naik di uap melalui bichloride, mengambil salah satu proporsi klorin dari itu, dan cairan jernih mengembun di penerima, senyawa klorin dan fosfor. Pada mencampurnya dengan air. mereka saling terurai satu sama lain, klorin menggabungkan dengan hidrogen dari sebagian air, dan membentuk asam klorida, sedangkan fosfor mengambil oksigen, dan diubah menjadi asam fosfor; dengan memanaskan cairan sampai menjadi sebuah konsistensi tebal, semua asam klorida dan sebagian besar air didorong sering dan asam fosfor, masih dikombinasikan dengan porsi air, menjadi massa kristal padat pada pendinginan. Ini memiliki rasa asam dan bau busuk tidak menyenangkan. Ini memerah blues sayuran, dan bila terkena panas itu terurai, sebagian hidrogen phosphureted yang terlepas, dan asam fosfat yang tersisa. Ini adalah agen deoxidating kuat, dan endapan emas, perak, merkuri, platinum kering dalam bentuk logam. HYDRIODIC ACID gas asam Hydriodic dibentuk oleh aksi salah satu bagian dari fosfor dengan sepuluh yodium dan empat air. Yodium dan air dimasukkan pertama ke dalam gelas-retort sangat kecil atau termos, fosfor ditambahkan, dan panas lembut diterapkan dengan lampu semangat. Dalam waktu yang sangat singkat, reaksi cepat dimulai, ledakan sedikit umumnya terjadi dalam retort dari panas yang dihasilkan mengobarkan sebagian dari fosfor, dan juga dari pelepasan dari hidrogen phosphureted sedikit. Uap padat pada saat yang sama terlepas, dan gas asam hydriodic dapat dikumpulkan oleh perpindahan setelah ini telah diusir. Air menyerap itu secepat gas asam klorida, berakhir tidak dapat disimpan lama lebih merkuri, logam ini mulai bertindak atas setiap kali mereka datang ke dalam kontak, merkuri menggabungkan dengan yodium, dan meninggalkan gas hidrogen. Hidrogen Phosphureted terlepas dalam jumlah yang cukup besar menjelang akhir operasi; ketika mulai datang, diakui oleh gas asam dengan yang dicampur dengan memproduksi udara uap berwarna lebih putih dari sebelumnya; proses kemudian harus berhenti untuk mencegah dari mengumpulkan. Lima puluh atau seratus biji yodium, dengan jumlah yang tepat dari fosfor dan air, akan ditemukan cukup memadai, menggunakan retort mampu mengandung sekitar lima atau enam ons air. Perhatian terus-menerus harus dibayar untuk operasi ini ketika sedang terjadi. Sejumlah perubahan rumit berlangsung selama persiapan gas ini, dari reaksi zat yang berbeda dicampur bersama dan bagian dari produk yang baru terbentuk. Kristal kubus kecil mungkin sering dilihat pada leher labu atau retort digunakan; mereka terdiri dari asam hydriodic dan Phosphureted hidrogen, dan cepat terurai oleh air dengan gelembung, cairan ini menggabungkan dengan asam hydriodic. Gas asam hydriodic diproduksi oleh yodium menggabungkan dengan hidrogen dari sebagian air yang terurai, oksigen bersatu dengan fosfor. Proses lain untuk pembuatan gas asam hydriodic telah direkomendasikan, tetapi tidak ada di mana pemula dapat mempersiapkan sejumlah kecil lebih mudah daripada yang telah dijelaskan. Ada beberapa situasi sehubungan dengan hidrogen Phosphureted, dan produk lainnya yang terbentuk pada periode yang berbeda dari proses, sesuai dengan temperatur yang diterapkan, dan proporsi air yang digunakan, yang memerlukan penyelidikan lebih lanjut. MF D'Arcet telah diusulkan untuk mempersiapkan gas asam hydriodic dalam bentuk yang sangat murni dengan memanaskan larutan asam hypophosphorous, sampai ia mulai melepaskan Phosphureted hidrogen dengan membusuk air, setelah itu harus didinginkan, dan dicampur dengan bobot yang sama yodium. Pada menundukkan campuran untuk panas lembut, air memberi hidrogen untuk yodium, menghasilkan gas asam hydriodic, sementara oksigen ditransfer ke asam hypophosphorous. Itu tidak Me!























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