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Bahasa Indonesia) 1:
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While the existing studies provide a very useful inventory of the financial instruments that could substitute for interest-based instruments, they do not analyze how these would actually operate in an Islamic environment, Indeed, there is surprisingly little work of a formal nature on the financial system and the general role of monetary policy in an Islamic economy. The purpose of this paper is to describe first the main characteristics of an Islamic financial system. This part of the study relies on both the recent writings on the subject as well as the actual practice of Islamic banking in countries such as Iran and Pakistan. This description of the institutional framework sets the stage for the development of a simple theoretical model of the Islamic economic system. This model, while highly stylized, is nevertheless able to address some of the main issues of concern to the monetary authorities in Islamic countries. These issues include, in particular, the relationship between the instruments that a central bank in an Islamic economy has at its disposal and overall financial conditions in the economy, and the effects of monetary changes on macroeconomic variables. The focus in this paper will be primarily on determining whether such relationships are fundamentally altered when a country decides to move from a conventional financial system to an Islamic one.
In Section II we describe the financial structure in an Islamic economy, paying particular attention to the types of transactions that would replace interest-rate transactions. The model that is based on this institutional structure is discussed in Section III. The concluding section brings together the main results of the paper, points out some of the limitations of the analysis, and finally, suggests areas where further research is needed to assist policy making in Islamic countries.
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