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Industry Analysis: The External Fac

Industry Analysis: The External Factor Evaluation
(EFE) Matrix
An External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix allows strategists to summarize and evaluate
economic, social, cultural, demographic, environmental, political, governmental, legal,
technological, and competitive information. Illustrated in Table 3-12, the EFE Matrix can
be developed in five steps:
1. List key external factors as identified in the external-audit process. Include a total of
15 to 20 factors, including both opportunities and threats, that affect the firm and its
industry. List the opportunities first and then the threats. Be as specific as possible,
using percentages, ratios, and comparative numbers whenever possible. Recall that
Edward Deming said, “In God we trust. Everyone else bring data.”
2. Assign to each factor a weight that ranges from 0.0 (not important) to 1.0 (very
important). The weight indicates the relative importance of that factor to being
successful in the firm’s industry. Opportunities often receive higher weights than
threats, but threats can receive high weights if they are especially severe or threatening.
Appropriate weights can be determined by comparing successful with unsuccessful
competitors or by discussing the factor and reaching a group consensus.
The sum of all weights assigned to the factors must equal 1.0.
3. Assign a rating between 1 and 4 to each key external factor to indicate how effectively
the firm’s current strategies respond to the factor, where 4 = the response
is superior, 3 = the response is above average, 2 = the response is average, and
1 = the response is poor. Ratings are based on effectiveness of the firm’s strategies.
Ratings are thus company-based, whereas the weights in Step 2 are industry-based.
It is important to note that both threats and opportunities can receive a 1, 2, 3, or 4.
4. Multiply each factor’s weight by its rating to determine a weighted score.
5. Sum the weighted scores for each variable to determine the total weighted score for
the organization.
Regardless of the number of key opportunities and threats included in an EFE Matrix,
the highest possible total weighted score for an organization is 4.0 and the lowest possible
0/5000
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Industry Analysis: The External Factor Evaluation(EFE) MatrixAn External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix allows strategists to summarize and evaluateeconomic, social, cultural, demographic, environmental, political, governmental, legal,technological, and competitive information. Illustrated in Table 3-12, the EFE Matrix canbe developed in five steps:1. List key external factors as identified in the external-audit process. Include a total of15 to 20 factors, including both opportunities and threats, that affect the firm and itsindustry. List the opportunities first and then the threats. Be as specific as possible,using percentages, ratios, and comparative numbers whenever possible. Recall thatEdward Deming said, “In God we trust. Everyone else bring data.”2. Assign to each factor a weight that ranges from 0.0 (not important) to 1.0 (veryimportant). The weight indicates the relative importance of that factor to beingsuccessful in the firm’s industry. Opportunities often receive higher weights thanthreats, but threats can receive high weights if they are especially severe or threatening.Appropriate weights can be determined by comparing successful with unsuccessfulcompetitors or by discussing the factor and reaching a group consensus.The sum of all weights assigned to the factors must equal 1.0.3. Assign a rating between 1 and 4 to each key external factor to indicate how effectivelythe firm’s current strategies respond to the factor, where 4 = the responseis superior, 3 = the response is above average, 2 = the response is average, and1 = the response is poor. Ratings are based on effectiveness of the firm’s strategies.Ratings are thus company-based, whereas the weights in Step 2 are industry-based.It is important to note that both threats and opportunities can receive a 1, 2, 3, or 4.4. Multiply each factor’s weight by its rating to determine a weighted score.5. Sum the weighted scores for each variable to determine the total weighted score forthe organization.Regardless of the number of key opportunities and threats included in an EFE Matrix,the highest possible total weighted score for an organization is 4.0 and the lowest possible
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Analisis Industri: The External Factor Evaluation
(EFE) Matrix
Sebuah Eksternal Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix memungkinkan strategi untuk meringkas dan mengevaluasi
ekonomi, sosial, budaya, demografi, lingkungan, politik, pemerintahan, hukum,
informasi teknologi, dan kompetitif. Diilustrasikan dalam Tabel 3-12, Matrix EFE dapat
dikembangkan dalam lima langkah:
1. Daftar faktor eksternal kunci seperti yang diidentifikasi dalam proses eksternal audit. Termasuk total
15 sampai 20 faktor, termasuk peluang dan ancaman, yang mempengaruhi perusahaan dan yang
industri. Daftar peluang pertama dan kemudian ancaman. Sespesifik mungkin,
menggunakan persentase, rasio, dan angka komparatif bila memungkinkan. Ingat bahwa
Edward Deming mengatakan, "Dalam Tuhan kita percaya. Semua orang membawa data.
"2. Tetapkan untuk setiap faktor berat yang berkisar dari 0,0 (tidak penting) sampai 1,0 (sangat
penting). Berat menunjukkan kepentingan relatif dari faktor yang menjadi
sukses di industri perusahaan. Peluang sering menerima beban lebih tinggi dari
ancaman, namun ancaman dapat menerima bobot yang tinggi jika mereka sangat parah atau mengancam.
Bobot yang tepat dapat ditentukan dengan membandingkan sukses dengan berhasil
pesaing atau dengan membahas faktor dan mencapai konsensus kelompok.
Jumlah dari semua bobot ditugaskan untuk faktor harus sama 1.0.
3. Menetapkan peringkat antara 1 dan 4 untuk setiap faktor eksternal kunci untuk menunjukkan seberapa efektif
strategi perusahaan saat menanggapi faktor, di mana 4 = respon
unggul, 3 = respon atas rata-rata, 2 = respon rata-rata, dan
1 = respon miskin. Penilaian didasarkan pada efektivitas strategi perusahaan.
Penilaian demikian berbasis perusahaan, sedangkan bobot pada Langkah 2 adalah berbasis industri.
Hal ini penting untuk dicatat bahwa kedua ancaman dan peluang dapat menerima 1, 2, 3, atau 4.
4. Kalikan berat badan masing-masing faktor tersebut menurut peringkat untuk menentukan nilai tertimbang.
5. Jumlah nilai tertimbang untuk masing-masing variabel untuk menentukan total skor tertimbang untuk
organisasi.
Terlepas dari sejumlah peluang dan ancaman utama termasuk dalam Matrix EFE,
mungkin total skor tertimbang tertinggi untuk suatu organisasi adalah 4,0 dan terendah
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