Therapist surveys in general indicate high levels of participation in  terjemahan - Therapist surveys in general indicate high levels of participation in  Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Therapist surveys in general indica

Therapist surveys in general indicate high levels of participation in personal
therapy (e.g. Orlinsky et al., 1999; Pope & Tabachnik, 1994; Rothery, 1992;
Williams & Coyle, 1999;) and overall satisfaction with the experience (e.g.
Macaskill & Macaskill, 1992; Norcross, Strasser-Kirtland, & Missar, 1988).
However, results from outcome studies examining the effects of personal therapy
on clinical practice offer little clear evidence for its utility. In Greenberg and
Staller’s (1981) review, only two studies out of eight were found to support the
contention that personal therapy increases therapeutic efficacy amongst practitioners
(Kernberg, 1973). Macran and Shapiro’s (1998) review of nine studies
similarly concludes that neither receipt of personal therapy nor length of time in
personal therapy positively relates to a wide range of client outcome measures.
Some experimental studies have found increased empathy ratings in analysed
therapists (Strupp (1955, 1973), and a greater preference for and willingness to use
self-awareness as a tool in clinical work. However, other studies, examining withinsession
experiences of client and therapist, provide equivocal results with some
results supporting the view that personal therapy enables the therapist to provide a
warm, empathic therapeutic bond (e.g. Peebles, 1980; Wogan & Norcross, 1985)
and others finding personal therapy correlates negatively with predictions of
therapeutic alliance (Wheeler, 1991).
The methodological and conceptual limitations of the above types of research, as
well the equivocal results, have been pointed out by a number of researchers (e.g.
Macran & Shapiro, 1998). Macran, Stiles and Smith (1999), p. 420) argue against
gathering simplistic ‘press release’ reports from therapists via the use of surveys.
Similarly, Wiseman and Shefler (2000), p. 131) suggest that ‘the quantification of
experience on Likert scales seems far too impoverished to describe the experience of
personal therapy’.
Recent qualitative studies have explored therapists’ experiences of personal
therapy, using a variety of methodologies. Several prominent themes have emerged,
including: personal therapy helps therapists distinguish between their own and the
clients’ thoughts and feelings (Macran et al., 1999); personal therapy is deemed
essential to the therapist’s ongoing process of individuation and ability to use the self
(Wiseman & Shefler, 2001); personal therapy is felt to be critical to the development
of empathy (Murphy, 2005); and that while personal therapy may lead to a range of
possible outcomes for individual therapists, it is not possible to assess the extent to
which personal therapy may lead to actual changes in behaviour within therapy
(Grimmer & Tribe, 2001).
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Therapist surveys in general indicate high levels of participation in personaltherapy (e.g. Orlinsky et al., 1999; Pope & Tabachnik, 1994; Rothery, 1992;Williams & Coyle, 1999;) and overall satisfaction with the experience (e.g.Macaskill & Macaskill, 1992; Norcross, Strasser-Kirtland, & Missar, 1988).However, results from outcome studies examining the effects of personal therapyon clinical practice offer little clear evidence for its utility. In Greenberg andStaller’s (1981) review, only two studies out of eight were found to support thecontention that personal therapy increases therapeutic efficacy amongst practitioners(Kernberg, 1973). Macran and Shapiro’s (1998) review of nine studiessimilarly concludes that neither receipt of personal therapy nor length of time inpersonal therapy positively relates to a wide range of client outcome measures.Some experimental studies have found increased empathy ratings in analysedtherapists (Strupp (1955, 1973), and a greater preference for and willingness to useself-awareness as a tool in clinical work. However, other studies, examining withinsessionexperiences of client and therapist, provide equivocal results with someresults supporting the view that personal therapy enables the therapist to provide awarm, empathic therapeutic bond (e.g. Peebles, 1980; Wogan & Norcross, 1985)and others finding personal therapy correlates negatively with predictions oftherapeutic alliance (Wheeler, 1991).The methodological and conceptual limitations of the above types of research, aswell the equivocal results, have been pointed out by a number of researchers (e.g.Macran & Shapiro, 1998). Macran, Stiles and Smith (1999), p. 420) argue againstgathering simplistic ‘press release’ reports from therapists via the use of surveys.Similarly, Wiseman and Shefler (2000), p. 131) suggest that ‘the quantification ofexperience on Likert scales seems far too impoverished to describe the experience ofpersonal therapy’.Recent qualitative studies have explored therapists’ experiences of personaltherapy, using a variety of methodologies. Several prominent themes have emerged,including: personal therapy helps therapists distinguish between their own and theclients’ thoughts and feelings (Macran et al., 1999); personal therapy is deemedessential to the therapist’s ongoing process of individuation and ability to use the self(Wiseman & Shefler, 2001); personal therapy is felt to be critical to the developmentof empathy (Murphy, 2005); and that while personal therapy may lead to a range ofpossible outcomes for individual therapists, it is not possible to assess the extent towhich personal therapy may lead to actual changes in behaviour within therapy(Grimmer & Tribe, 2001).
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Survei terapis secara umum menunjukkan tingkat partisipasi yang tinggi dalam pribadi
terapi (misalnya Orlinsky et al, 1999;. Paus & Tabachnik, 1994; Rothery, 1992;
Williams & Coyle, 1999;) dan kepuasan secara keseluruhan dengan pengalaman (misalnya
MacAskill & MacAskill, 1992;. Norcross, Strasser-Kirtland, & Missar, 1988)
Namun, hasil dari studi hasil menguji efek terapi pribadi
pada praktek klinis menawarkan sedikit bukti yang jelas untuk utilitas. Dalam Greenberg dan
(1981) ulasan Staller, hanya dua studi dari delapan ditemukan untuk mendukung
anggapan bahwa terapi pribadi meningkatkan keberhasilan terapi antara praktisi
(Kernberg, 1973). Macran dan Shapiro (1998) meninjau sembilan studi
yang sama menyimpulkan bahwa baik penerimaan terapi pribadi maupun lamanya waktu di
terapi pribadi positif berhubungan dengan berbagai ukuran hasil klien.
Beberapa studi eksperimental telah menemukan peningkatan peringkat empati dalam menganalisis
terapis (Strupp ( 1955, 1973), dan preferensi yang lebih besar untuk dan kemauan untuk menggunakan
kesadaran diri sebagai alat dalam pekerjaan klinis. Namun, penelitian lain, memeriksa withinsession
pengalaman klien dan terapis, memberikan hasil samar-samar dengan beberapa
hasil yang mendukung pandangan bahwa terapi pribadi memungkinkan terapis untuk
memberikan, obligasi terapi hangat empatik (misalnya Peebles, 1980; Wogan & Norcross, 1985)
dan lain-lain menemukan terapi pribadi berkorelasi negatif dengan prediksi
aliansi terapeutik (Wheeler, 1991).
Keterbatasan metodologis dan konseptual dari jenis di atas penelitian, seperti
juga hasil samar-samar, telah ditunjukkan oleh sejumlah peneliti (misalnya
Macran & Shapiro, 1998). Macran, Stiles dan Smith (1999), p. 420) membantah
mengumpulkan sederhana 'press release' laporan dari terapis melalui penggunaan survei.
Demikian pula, Wiseman dan Shefler (2000), p. 131) menyatakan bahwa 'kuantifikasi
pengalaman dalam skala Likert tampaknya terlalu miskin untuk menggambarkan pengalaman
terapi pribadi'.
Penelitian kualitatif terbaru telah dieksplorasi pengalaman terapis 'dari personal
terapi, menggunakan berbagai metodologi. Beberapa tema yang menonjol telah muncul,
termasuk: terapi pribadi membantu terapis membedakan antara mereka sendiri dan
pikiran dan perasaan klien; (Macran et al, 1999). terapi pribadi dianggap
penting untuk proses yang berkelanjutan terapis individuasi dan kemampuan untuk menggunakan diri
(Wiseman & Shefler, 2001); terapi pribadi dirasakan penting untuk pengembangan
empati (Murphy, 2005); dan bahwa sementara terapi pribadi dapat menyebabkan berbagai
hasil yang mungkin untuk terapis individu, tidak mungkin untuk menilai sejauh
mana terapi pribadi dapat menyebabkan perubahan aktual dalam perilaku dalam terapi
(Grimmer & Suku, 2001).
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