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It is often difficult to explain the discrepancy between theformative and summative marks of many students at highereducation institutions (HEIs). Research has shown that inconsistentstandards of assessment in both formative and summativesettings do lead to inconsistent performance by students atuniversity; and that, on the relationship between formative andsummative assessments, it has been shown that many students’performance in formative assessment (FA) far exceedstheir performance in summative assessment (SA). There is alsospeculation that these discrepancies are attributable to aplethora of issues, chief amongst which could be: cheating bystudents in one form or other, repetition by lecturers ofprevious years’ test questions or assignment tasks or tutorialtest questions – from whence, without understanding of orinsight into solutions, the students memorise markingschemes and reproduce them in the tests or examinations.For these and other reasons, we compared formative andsummative marks of first-year chemistry students over a periodof two years: from a sample of 1519 first-year chemistry students ofthe 2011 and 2012 cohorts at the university where the study wasconducted, 37% and 32% of these respective cohorts had formativeassessment marks of at least 50% but failed to acquire thesubminimum† of 40% in the summative assessments (see Fig. 1).First-year chemistry at the university consists of two moduleswhich are basic requirements for all students who are registeredfor a first science degree in the Physical Sciences and LifeSciences streams, they are also prerequisites for most of themodules that are compulsory in this degree. In this connection,it would be interesting from an academic point of view on theone hand, and faculty management point of view on the other,
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