probabilities presented in Table 2. The estimated coefficient for the  terjemahan - probabilities presented in Table 2. The estimated coefficient for the  Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

probabilities presented in Table 2.

probabilities presented in Table 2. The estimated coefficient for the creditor rights index (0.00533) in Model 1 is positive and highly significant, consistent with the
substitute hypothesis. The amount of dividends increases with creditor rights, suggesting that managers operating in environments with weak creditor rights restrict their dividend payouts as a substitute governance mechanism.In Model 2 we include firm specific control variables,as well as a country-level shareholder rights index. There
is a positive and significant relation between dividend amounts and retained earnings, equity-to-asset ratios,profitability, and market capitalizations. There is a negative and significant relation between dividend amounts and sales growth and cash holdings. The signs of these control variables are consistent with expectations. We also confirm La Porta, Lopez-de-Silanes, Shleifer,and Vishny (2000)results by finding a positive and significant relation between shareholder rights and dividend amounts. More importantly, our creditor rights coefficient (0.00439) is positive and highly significant. It is roughly 2.6 times the magnitude of the shareholder rights coefficient (0.00169).In Model 3 we examine the relation between dividend amounts and creditor rights after controlling year fixed
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1: [Salinan]
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probabilities presented in Table 2. The estimated coefficient for the creditor rights index (0.00533) in Model 1 is positive and highly significant, consistent with thesubstitute hypothesis. The amount of dividends increases with creditor rights, suggesting that managers operating in environments with weak creditor rights restrict their dividend payouts as a substitute governance mechanism.In Model 2 we include firm specific control variables,as well as a country-level shareholder rights index. Thereis a positive and significant relation between dividend amounts and retained earnings, equity-to-asset ratios,profitability, and market capitalizations. There is a negative and significant relation between dividend amounts and sales growth and cash holdings. The signs of these control variables are consistent with expectations. We also confirm La Porta, Lopez-de-Silanes, Shleifer,and Vishny (2000)results by finding a positive and significant relation between shareholder rights and dividend amounts. More importantly, our creditor rights coefficient (0.00439) is positive and highly significant. It is roughly 2.6 times the magnitude of the shareholder rights coefficient (0.00169).In Model 3 we examine the relation between dividend amounts and creditor rights after controlling year fixed
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
Disalin!
probabilitas disajikan pada Tabel 2. Koefisien Estimasi untuk indeks hak kreditur (0,00533) di Model 1 adalah positif dan sangat signifikan, konsisten dengan
hipotesis pengganti. Jumlah dividen meningkat dengan hak kreditur, menunjukkan bahwa manajer yang beroperasi pada lingkungan dengan hak kreditur lemah membatasi pembayaran dividen sebagai pemerintahan pengganti mechanism.In Model 2 kita termasuk variabel kontrol spesifik perusahaan, serta indeks hak pemegang saham negara-tingkat. Ada
hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara jumlah dividen dan laba ditahan, rasio ekuitas-to-aset, profitabilitas, dan kapitalisasi pasar. Ada hubungan negatif dan signifikan antara jumlah dividen dan pertumbuhan penjualan dan kepemilikan uang tunai. Tanda-tanda variabel kontrol ini konsisten dengan harapan. Kami juga mengkonfirmasi La Porta, Lopez-de-silane, Shleifer, dan Vishny (2000) hasil dengan menemukan hubungan positif dan signifikan antara hak pemegang saham dan jumlah dividen. Lebih penting lagi, koefisien hak kreditur kami (0,00439) adalah positif dan sangat signifikan. Hal ini kira-kira 2,6 kali besarnya koefisien hak pemegang saham (0,00169) .Dalam Model 3 kita meneliti hubungan antara jumlah dividen dan hak kreditur setelah pengontrolan tahun tetap
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