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pursuant to the Patent Law and the
pursuant to the Patent Law and the Implementing Regulations of the Patent Law, the State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) promulgated Measures on Compulsory Licensing for Patent Exploitation in China, effective on 1 May 2012 (‘Compulsory Measures’). The purposes of the Compulsory Measures are to establish procedures for granting and providing royalties for compulsory licensing of invention patents and utility model patents. The SIPO is responsible for carrying out these procedures. These procedures conform to the provisions of the Patent Law, Chapter VI, Articles 48–58.
In keeping with the unfortunate practice in China to compel foreigners to use unnecessary Chinese agencies, foreign persons not resident in China must entrust matters relating to compulsory licensing to a Chinese patent agency by power of attorney; Compulsory Measures, Article 4.
Where the holder of a patent, ‘… with no legitimate grounds, fails to exploit or adequately exploit its or his patent after the lapse of three years from the date on which the patent is granted and after the lapse of four years from the date on which the patent application is submitted, an entity or individual which is qualified to exploit the patent, may file a request for the grant of compulsory licensing …’, Compulsory Measures, Article 5. Similarly, in situations where: a national emergency declared by a department of the State Council; in matters of public health; or where the patent holder is legally determined by a court of law or anti-monopoly enforcement agency to have monopolistic practices; these are all subject to compulsorylicences, Compulsory Measures, Articles 5, 6, 7, 11 and 12; and Patent Law Articles 49 and 50.
If a patent brings important technical progress, and the exploitation thereof, depends on the earlier patent; pursuant to the Patent Law Articles 49-51, a patent holder may request compulsory licensing to exploit the earlier patent, Compulsory Measures, Article 8. If the SIPO grants compulsory licensing of the earlier patent, the owner of the earlier patent may request compulsory licensing for exploitation of the latter patent, Compulsory Measures, Article 8.
Applications for compulsory licensing require the applicant to provide the reasons for its request, Compulsory Measures, Article 9(4).If the request for compulsory licensing is made pursuant to the Patent Law, Articles 48(1) or 51, then the applicant must provide evidence to prove it has requested licensing of the patent for exploitation from the patentee, on reasonable terms, and it has been refused, Compulsory Measures, Article 11.
The TRIPS Agreement (Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights), Article 31, provides limitations on its members, of which China is one, from allowing a patent to be used without theauthorisationof the rights holder. A protocol amending China’s accession so as to conform to TRIPS, states: ‘Decisions by the patent administration department of the State Council to grant compulsorylicencesaccording to Article 50 of the Patent Law should,… conform to provisions on compulsory licensing to address public health issues in relevant international agreements which China is a signatory of or a party to’. With regard to pharmaceuticals, if the SIPO grants compulsory licensing to an importer, the label on the product shall state it is manufactured under compulsory licensing and the grantee shall publish this on its web page, including information on the quantity of the product shipped to the importer etc, Compulsory Measures, Article 23(2) and (3), and Patent Law, Article 50. The SIPO shall at the same time ensure that the World Trade Organization (WTO) is informed of this act, Compulsory Measures, Article 24. While these provisions regarding pharmaceuticals appear to conform to TRIPS, it appears that the holder of the compulsorylicencecan export the pharmaceuticals, which would seem to be contrary to the purposes of this provision in Chinese Law and in TRIPS.
TRIPS provides that where there is compulsory licensing, the rights holder shall be paid adequate remuneration in the circumstances of each case, taking into account the economic value of theauthorisation, TRIPS, Article 31(h). Where compulsory licensing is ordered, the owner of the patent can request royalties from the SIPO,Compulsory Measures, Article 25; provided only the parties have conducted negotiations with regarding to royalties and failed. The SIPO should make a decision on said application within three months receipt of the application. This provision conforms to TRIPS, except the long decision-making process. Properly, the decision as to royalties should be made at the same time as the grant of a compulsorylicence, so as not to deprive the rights holder of proper compensation for a lengthy period.
Compulsory licensing may be terminated when the reasons for it are eliminated, pursuant to an application from the patent holder to the SIPO.
If any party is dissatisfied with a decision of the SIPO regarding compulsory licensing, it may apply for administrative review; or commence administrative litigation in the courts,Compulsory Measures, Article 41; as required by TRIPS, Article 31(j).
* Mr Buxbaum is a well-regarded expert on Chinese law and private international law. He is Chairman of the Intellectual Property Rights Committee of AmCham South China, and has published extensively on IP matters in Asia. Additionally, he has litigated major IP cases in China, including a leading case, Microsoft v Juren (Beijing Intermediate Court, 1996). Mr Buxbaum is a Senior Partner in the firm Anderson & Anderson and can be reached at: buxbaum@anallp.com.
In keeping with the unfortunate practice in China to compel foreigners to use unnecessary Chinese agencies, foreign persons not resident in China must entrust matters relating to compulsory licensing to a Chinese patent agency by power of attorney; Compulsory Measures, Article 4.
Where the holder of a patent, ‘… with no legitimate grounds, fails to exploit or adequately exploit its or his patent after the lapse of three years from the date on which the patent is granted and after the lapse of four years from the date on which the patent application is submitted, an entity or individual which is qualified to exploit the patent, may file a request for the grant of compulsory licensing …’, Compulsory Measures, Article 5. Similarly, in situations where: a national emergency declared by a department of the State Council; in matters of public health; or where the patent holder is legally determined by a court of law or anti-monopoly enforcement agency to have monopolistic practices; these are all subject to compulsorylicences, Compulsory Measures, Articles 5, 6, 7, 11 and 12; and Patent Law Articles 49 and 50.
If a patent brings important technical progress, and the exploitation thereof, depends on the earlier patent; pursuant to the Patent Law Articles 49-51, a patent holder may request compulsory licensing to exploit the earlier patent, Compulsory Measures, Article 8. If the SIPO grants compulsory licensing of the earlier patent, the owner of the earlier patent may request compulsory licensing for exploitation of the latter patent, Compulsory Measures, Article 8.
Applications for compulsory licensing require the applicant to provide the reasons for its request, Compulsory Measures, Article 9(4).If the request for compulsory licensing is made pursuant to the Patent Law, Articles 48(1) or 51, then the applicant must provide evidence to prove it has requested licensing of the patent for exploitation from the patentee, on reasonable terms, and it has been refused, Compulsory Measures, Article 11.
The TRIPS Agreement (Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights), Article 31, provides limitations on its members, of which China is one, from allowing a patent to be used without theauthorisationof the rights holder. A protocol amending China’s accession so as to conform to TRIPS, states: ‘Decisions by the patent administration department of the State Council to grant compulsorylicencesaccording to Article 50 of the Patent Law should,… conform to provisions on compulsory licensing to address public health issues in relevant international agreements which China is a signatory of or a party to’. With regard to pharmaceuticals, if the SIPO grants compulsory licensing to an importer, the label on the product shall state it is manufactured under compulsory licensing and the grantee shall publish this on its web page, including information on the quantity of the product shipped to the importer etc, Compulsory Measures, Article 23(2) and (3), and Patent Law, Article 50. The SIPO shall at the same time ensure that the World Trade Organization (WTO) is informed of this act, Compulsory Measures, Article 24. While these provisions regarding pharmaceuticals appear to conform to TRIPS, it appears that the holder of the compulsorylicencecan export the pharmaceuticals, which would seem to be contrary to the purposes of this provision in Chinese Law and in TRIPS.
TRIPS provides that where there is compulsory licensing, the rights holder shall be paid adequate remuneration in the circumstances of each case, taking into account the economic value of theauthorisation, TRIPS, Article 31(h). Where compulsory licensing is ordered, the owner of the patent can request royalties from the SIPO,Compulsory Measures, Article 25; provided only the parties have conducted negotiations with regarding to royalties and failed. The SIPO should make a decision on said application within three months receipt of the application. This provision conforms to TRIPS, except the long decision-making process. Properly, the decision as to royalties should be made at the same time as the grant of a compulsorylicence, so as not to deprive the rights holder of proper compensation for a lengthy period.
Compulsory licensing may be terminated when the reasons for it are eliminated, pursuant to an application from the patent holder to the SIPO.
If any party is dissatisfied with a decision of the SIPO regarding compulsory licensing, it may apply for administrative review; or commence administrative litigation in the courts,Compulsory Measures, Article 41; as required by TRIPS, Article 31(j).
* Mr Buxbaum is a well-regarded expert on Chinese law and private international law. He is Chairman of the Intellectual Property Rights Committee of AmCham South China, and has published extensively on IP matters in Asia. Additionally, he has litigated major IP cases in China, including a leading case, Microsoft v Juren (Beijing Intermediate Court, 1996). Mr Buxbaum is a Senior Partner in the firm Anderson & Anderson and can be reached at: buxbaum@anallp.com.
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sesuai dengan hukum paten dan peraturan pelaksana hukum paten, negara intelektual properti kantor (SIPO) diumumkan langkah-langkah pada lisensi wajib untuk paten eksploitasi di Cina, efektif pada 1 Mei 2012 ('langkah wajib'). Tujuan dari langkah-langkah yang wajib adalah untuk menetapkan tatacara pemberian dan memberikan royalti untuk lisensi wajib penemuan paten dan paten model utilitas. SIPO bertanggung jawab untuk melaksanakan prosedur ini. Prosedur ini sesuai dengan ketentuan undang-undang Paten, Bab VI, artikel 48 – 58.Sesuai dengan praktek Malang di Cina untuk memaksa orang asing untuk menggunakan badan-badan Cina yang tidak perlu, orang asing yang tidak tinggal di Cina harus mempercayakan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan lisensi wajib untuk agen paten Cina oleh kuasa; Langkah-langkah wajib, Pasal 4.Mana pemegang paten, '... dengan Taman tidak sah, gagal untuk mengeksploitasi atau cukup mengeksploitasi paten yang atau setelah selang tiga tahun dari tanggal pada yang paten diberikan dan setelah selang empat tahun dari tanggal di mana permohonan paten diajukan, entitas atau individu yang memenuhi syarat untuk mengeksploitasi paten , dapat mengajukan permintaan untuk pemberian lisensi wajib...', langkah-langkah wajib, Pasal 5. Demikian pula, dalam situasi di mana: darurat nasional dinyatakan oleh Departemen Dewan negara; dalam hal kesehatan masyarakat; atau dimana pemegang paten hukum ditentukan oleh pengadilan hukum atau lembaga penegak anti monopoli untuk memiliki praktek monopoli; ini adalah semua tergantung pada compulsorylicences, langkah-langkah wajib, artikel 5, 6, 7, 11 dan 12; dan hukum paten artikel 49 dan 50.Jika paten membawa kemajuan teknis yang penting, dan eksploitasi daripadanya, tergantung pada paten sebelumnya; Berdasarkan artikel hukum paten 49-51, pemegang paten dapat meminta lisensi wajib untuk mengeksploitasi paten sebelumnya, langkah-langkah wajib, Pasal 8. Jika SIPO hibah lisensi wajib paten sebelumnya, pemilik paten sebelumnya dapat meminta lisensi wajib untuk eksploitasi paten kedua, langkah-langkah wajib, Pasal 8.Aplikasi untuk lisensi wajib membutuhkan pemohon untuk memberikan alasan yang permintaan, langkah-langkah wajib, artikel 9(4). Jika permintaan untuk lisensi wajib dilakukan sesuai dengan hukum paten, 48(1) artikel atau 51, maka pemohon harus memberikan bukti untuk membuktikan itu telah meminta lisensi paten untuk eksploitasi dari paten, pada syarat-syarat yang wajar, dan itu telah menolak, langkah-langkah wajib, Pasal 11.Kesepakatan TRIPS (perjanjian pada perdagangan terkait aspek dari hak kekayaan intelektual), Pasal 31, menyediakan keterbatasan pada para anggotanya, yang Cina adalah salah satu dari memungkinkan paten harus digunakan tanpa theauthorisationof pemegang hak. Sebuah protokol yang mengubah aksesi Cina harus sesuai perjalanan, menyatakan: ' keputusan oleh Departemen Administrasi paten Dewan negara untuk memberikan compulsorylicencesaccording kepada Pasal 50 UU Paten harus,... sesuai dengan ketentuan wajib lisensi untuk mengatasi isu-isu kesehatan masyarakat dalam perjanjian-perjanjian internasional yang relevan yang Cina merupakan penandatangan atau pesta untuk '. Berkaitan dengan obat-obatan, jika SIPO hibah lisensi wajib untuk importir, label pada produk akan keadaan itu diproduksi di bawah lisensi wajib dan Penerima hibah akan mempublikasikan ini pada halaman web, termasuk informasi mengenai jumlah produk yang dikirim ke importir dll, langkah-langkah wajib, Pasal 23(2), dan (3), dan paten hukum, Pasal 50. SIPO pada saat yang bersamaan memastikan bahwa organisasi perdagangan dunia (WTO) adalah informasi tentang tindakan ini, langkah-langkah wajib, Pasal 24. Meskipun ini ketentuan mengenai obat-obatan muncul untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan perjalanan, tampaknya bahwa pemegang compulsorylicencecan ekspor obat-obatan, yang tampaknya akan bertentangan dengan tujuan dari ketentuan ini di hukum Cina dan di perjalanan.PERJALANAN menyediakan bahwa mana ada lisensi wajib, pemegang hak yang harus dibayarkan upah pada keadaan setiap kasus, mempertimbangkan nilai ekonomi theauthorisation, perjalanan, artikel 31(h). Mana lisensi wajib diperintahkan, pemilik paten dapat meminta royalti dari SIPO, langkah-langkah wajib, Pasal 25; disediakan hanya para pihak telah melakukan negosiasi dengan mengenai royalti dan gagal. SIPO harus membuat keputusan tentang kata permohonan dalam jangka waktu tiga bulan penerimaan aplikasi. Ketentuan ini sesuai dengan perjalanan, kecuali proses panjang pengambilan keputusan. Dengan benar, keputusan royalti harus dilakukan pada saat yang sama sebagai pemberian compulsorylicence, sehingga tidak untuk mencabut hak pemegang konpensasi untuk jangka waktu yang panjang.Lisensi wajib dapat dihentikan ketika alasan untuk itu dihilangkan, berdasarkan aplikasi dari pemegang paten untuk SIPO.Jika pihak puas dengan keputusan SIPO mengenai lisensi wajib, itu dapat mengajukan tinjauan administrasi; atau memulakan administratif litigasi di pengadilan, langkah-langkah wajib, Pasal 41; sebagaimana diatur oleh perjalanan, artikel 31(j).* Mr Buxbaum adalah seorang ahli yang dianggap baik pada hukum Cina dan Pribadi hukum internasional. Dia adalah Ketua intelektual properti hak Komite AmCham selatan Cina, dan telah diterbitkan secara ekstensif pada hal-hal yang IP di Asia. Selain itu, ia memiliki perkara kasus IP utama di Cina, termasuk kasus terkemuka, Microsoft v Juren (Beijing Intermediate Court, 1996). Mr Buxbaum adalah mitra Senior di perusahaan Anderson & Anderson dan dapat dihubungi di: buxbaum@anallp.com.
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pursuant to the Patent Law and the Implementing Regulations of the Patent Law, the State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) promulgated Measures on Compulsory Licensing for Patent Exploitation in China, effective on 1 May 2012 (‘Compulsory Measures’). The purposes of the Compulsory Measures are to establish procedures for granting and providing royalties for compulsory licensing of invention patents and utility model patents. The SIPO is responsible for carrying out these procedures. These procedures conform to the provisions of the Patent Law, Chapter VI, Articles 48–58.
In keeping with the unfortunate practice in China to compel foreigners to use unnecessary Chinese agencies, foreign persons not resident in China must entrust matters relating to compulsory licensing to a Chinese patent agency by power of attorney; Compulsory Measures, Article 4.
Where the holder of a patent, ‘… with no legitimate grounds, fails to exploit or adequately exploit its or his patent after the lapse of three years from the date on which the patent is granted and after the lapse of four years from the date on which the patent application is submitted, an entity or individual which is qualified to exploit the patent, may file a request for the grant of compulsory licensing …’, Compulsory Measures, Article 5. Similarly, in situations where: a national emergency declared by a department of the State Council; in matters of public health; or where the patent holder is legally determined by a court of law or anti-monopoly enforcement agency to have monopolistic practices; these are all subject to compulsorylicences, Compulsory Measures, Articles 5, 6, 7, 11 and 12; and Patent Law Articles 49 and 50.
If a patent brings important technical progress, and the exploitation thereof, depends on the earlier patent; pursuant to the Patent Law Articles 49-51, a patent holder may request compulsory licensing to exploit the earlier patent, Compulsory Measures, Article 8. If the SIPO grants compulsory licensing of the earlier patent, the owner of the earlier patent may request compulsory licensing for exploitation of the latter patent, Compulsory Measures, Article 8.
Applications for compulsory licensing require the applicant to provide the reasons for its request, Compulsory Measures, Article 9(4).If the request for compulsory licensing is made pursuant to the Patent Law, Articles 48(1) or 51, then the applicant must provide evidence to prove it has requested licensing of the patent for exploitation from the patentee, on reasonable terms, and it has been refused, Compulsory Measures, Article 11.
The TRIPS Agreement (Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights), Article 31, provides limitations on its members, of which China is one, from allowing a patent to be used without theauthorisationof the rights holder. A protocol amending China’s accession so as to conform to TRIPS, states: ‘Decisions by the patent administration department of the State Council to grant compulsorylicencesaccording to Article 50 of the Patent Law should,… conform to provisions on compulsory licensing to address public health issues in relevant international agreements which China is a signatory of or a party to’. With regard to pharmaceuticals, if the SIPO grants compulsory licensing to an importer, the label on the product shall state it is manufactured under compulsory licensing and the grantee shall publish this on its web page, including information on the quantity of the product shipped to the importer etc, Compulsory Measures, Article 23(2) and (3), and Patent Law, Article 50. The SIPO shall at the same time ensure that the World Trade Organization (WTO) is informed of this act, Compulsory Measures, Article 24. While these provisions regarding pharmaceuticals appear to conform to TRIPS, it appears that the holder of the compulsorylicencecan export the pharmaceuticals, which would seem to be contrary to the purposes of this provision in Chinese Law and in TRIPS.
TRIPS provides that where there is compulsory licensing, the rights holder shall be paid adequate remuneration in the circumstances of each case, taking into account the economic value of theauthorisation, TRIPS, Article 31(h). Where compulsory licensing is ordered, the owner of the patent can request royalties from the SIPO,Compulsory Measures, Article 25; provided only the parties have conducted negotiations with regarding to royalties and failed. The SIPO should make a decision on said application within three months receipt of the application. This provision conforms to TRIPS, except the long decision-making process. Properly, the decision as to royalties should be made at the same time as the grant of a compulsorylicence, so as not to deprive the rights holder of proper compensation for a lengthy period.
Compulsory licensing may be terminated when the reasons for it are eliminated, pursuant to an application from the patent holder to the SIPO.
If any party is dissatisfied with a decision of the SIPO regarding compulsory licensing, it may apply for administrative review; or commence administrative litigation in the courts,Compulsory Measures, Article 41; as required by TRIPS, Article 31(j).
* Mr Buxbaum is a well-regarded expert on Chinese law and private international law. He is Chairman of the Intellectual Property Rights Committee of AmCham South China, and has published extensively on IP matters in Asia. Additionally, he has litigated major IP cases in China, including a leading case, Microsoft v Juren (Beijing Intermediate Court, 1996). Mr Buxbaum is a Senior Partner in the firm Anderson & Anderson and can be reached at: buxbaum@anallp.com.
In keeping with the unfortunate practice in China to compel foreigners to use unnecessary Chinese agencies, foreign persons not resident in China must entrust matters relating to compulsory licensing to a Chinese patent agency by power of attorney; Compulsory Measures, Article 4.
Where the holder of a patent, ‘… with no legitimate grounds, fails to exploit or adequately exploit its or his patent after the lapse of three years from the date on which the patent is granted and after the lapse of four years from the date on which the patent application is submitted, an entity or individual which is qualified to exploit the patent, may file a request for the grant of compulsory licensing …’, Compulsory Measures, Article 5. Similarly, in situations where: a national emergency declared by a department of the State Council; in matters of public health; or where the patent holder is legally determined by a court of law or anti-monopoly enforcement agency to have monopolistic practices; these are all subject to compulsorylicences, Compulsory Measures, Articles 5, 6, 7, 11 and 12; and Patent Law Articles 49 and 50.
If a patent brings important technical progress, and the exploitation thereof, depends on the earlier patent; pursuant to the Patent Law Articles 49-51, a patent holder may request compulsory licensing to exploit the earlier patent, Compulsory Measures, Article 8. If the SIPO grants compulsory licensing of the earlier patent, the owner of the earlier patent may request compulsory licensing for exploitation of the latter patent, Compulsory Measures, Article 8.
Applications for compulsory licensing require the applicant to provide the reasons for its request, Compulsory Measures, Article 9(4).If the request for compulsory licensing is made pursuant to the Patent Law, Articles 48(1) or 51, then the applicant must provide evidence to prove it has requested licensing of the patent for exploitation from the patentee, on reasonable terms, and it has been refused, Compulsory Measures, Article 11.
The TRIPS Agreement (Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights), Article 31, provides limitations on its members, of which China is one, from allowing a patent to be used without theauthorisationof the rights holder. A protocol amending China’s accession so as to conform to TRIPS, states: ‘Decisions by the patent administration department of the State Council to grant compulsorylicencesaccording to Article 50 of the Patent Law should,… conform to provisions on compulsory licensing to address public health issues in relevant international agreements which China is a signatory of or a party to’. With regard to pharmaceuticals, if the SIPO grants compulsory licensing to an importer, the label on the product shall state it is manufactured under compulsory licensing and the grantee shall publish this on its web page, including information on the quantity of the product shipped to the importer etc, Compulsory Measures, Article 23(2) and (3), and Patent Law, Article 50. The SIPO shall at the same time ensure that the World Trade Organization (WTO) is informed of this act, Compulsory Measures, Article 24. While these provisions regarding pharmaceuticals appear to conform to TRIPS, it appears that the holder of the compulsorylicencecan export the pharmaceuticals, which would seem to be contrary to the purposes of this provision in Chinese Law and in TRIPS.
TRIPS provides that where there is compulsory licensing, the rights holder shall be paid adequate remuneration in the circumstances of each case, taking into account the economic value of theauthorisation, TRIPS, Article 31(h). Where compulsory licensing is ordered, the owner of the patent can request royalties from the SIPO,Compulsory Measures, Article 25; provided only the parties have conducted negotiations with regarding to royalties and failed. The SIPO should make a decision on said application within three months receipt of the application. This provision conforms to TRIPS, except the long decision-making process. Properly, the decision as to royalties should be made at the same time as the grant of a compulsorylicence, so as not to deprive the rights holder of proper compensation for a lengthy period.
Compulsory licensing may be terminated when the reasons for it are eliminated, pursuant to an application from the patent holder to the SIPO.
If any party is dissatisfied with a decision of the SIPO regarding compulsory licensing, it may apply for administrative review; or commence administrative litigation in the courts,Compulsory Measures, Article 41; as required by TRIPS, Article 31(j).
* Mr Buxbaum is a well-regarded expert on Chinese law and private international law. He is Chairman of the Intellectual Property Rights Committee of AmCham South China, and has published extensively on IP matters in Asia. Additionally, he has litigated major IP cases in China, including a leading case, Microsoft v Juren (Beijing Intermediate Court, 1996). Mr Buxbaum is a Senior Partner in the firm Anderson & Anderson and can be reached at: buxbaum@anallp.com.
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