work performed in the laboratory, which may include demonstrations and terjemahan - work performed in the laboratory, which may include demonstrations and Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

work performed in the laboratory, w

work performed in the laboratory, which may include demonstrations and computer simulations in addition to hands-on experimental work. While there continues to be a widespread belief that lab work is necessary in order for students to gain a concep- tual understanding of the scientific disciplines and to develop a wide range of practical skills, there is no universal guide as to the objectives of introductory practical lab work (Kirschner & Mester, 1988). In addition, educators have identified several challenges associated with lab work and, given the time and resources necessary, many are questioning whether learning outcomes can be achieved more effectively and effi- ciently by other means.
Domin (1999, 2007) identifies four styles of lab instruction: expository, discovery, inquiry, and problem-based. The expository style of instruction is evident in most first- year labs where the result is known in advance, the experimental procedure is standard, and minimal data analysis is required. In senior-level laboratory courses, students encounter an inquiry or problem-based style where experiments are more open-ended and complex. With considerably less supervision than previously encountered, students must determine the best procedure to conduct the investigation and are encouraged to question their results and show limitations of theory. If implemented properly, Domin says that students will acquire knowledge and develop a rich under- standing of concepts, models, and theories. In this study, we focus on discovery-style laboratories at the second-year level. The challenge for students at this level is to effi- ciently conduct the experiment and to appropriately interpret the results obtained.
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work performed in the laboratory, which may include demonstrations and computer simulations in addition to hands-on experimental work. While there continues to be a widespread belief that lab work is necessary in order for students to gain a concep- tual understanding of the scientific disciplines and to develop a wide range of practical skills, there is no universal guide as to the objectives of introductory practical lab work (Kirschner & Mester, 1988). In addition, educators have identified several challenges associated with lab work and, given the time and resources necessary, many are questioning whether learning outcomes can be achieved more effectively and effi- ciently by other means.Domin (1999, 2007) identifies four styles of lab instruction: expository, discovery, inquiry, and problem-based. The expository style of instruction is evident in most first- year labs where the result is known in advance, the experimental procedure is standard, and minimal data analysis is required. In senior-level laboratory courses, students encounter an inquiry or problem-based style where experiments are more open-ended and complex. With considerably less supervision than previously encountered, students must determine the best procedure to conduct the investigation and are encouraged to question their results and show limitations of theory. If implemented properly, Domin says that students will acquire knowledge and develop a rich under- standing of concepts, models, and theories. In this study, we focus on discovery-style laboratories at the second-year level. The challenge for students at this level is to effi- ciently conduct the experiment and to appropriately interpret the results obtained.
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pekerjaan yang dilakukan di laboratorium, yang mungkin termasuk demonstrasi dan simulasi komputer selain tangan-karya eksperimental. Sementara ada terus menjadi keyakinan luas bahwa praktikum diperlukan agar siswa untuk memperoleh pemahaman konseptual dari disiplin ilmu dan mengembangkan berbagai keterampilan praktis, tidak ada panduan universal dengan tujuan pengantar praktis praktikum (Kirschner & Mester, 1988). Selain itu, pendidik telah mengidentifikasi beberapa tantangan yang berkaitan dengan praktikum dan, mengingat waktu dan sumber daya yang diperlukan, banyak yang mempertanyakan apakah hasil belajar dapat dicapai secara lebih efektif dan secara efisien dengan cara lain.
Domin (1999, 2007) mengidentifikasi empat gaya instruksi lab: ekspositoris, penemuan, penyelidikan, dan berbasis masalah. Gaya ekspositori instruksi jelas di sebagian besar laboratorium tahun pertama-mana hasilnya diketahui di muka, prosedur eksperimental standar, dan analisis data minimal diperlukan. Dalam kursus laboratorium tingkat senior, siswa menghadapi penyelidikan atau gaya berbasis masalah-mana eksperimen lebih terbuka dan kompleks. Dengan pengawasan sangat kurang dari temui sebelumnya, siswa harus menentukan prosedur terbaik untuk melakukan penyelidikan dan didorong untuk mempertanyakan hasil mereka dan menunjukkan keterbatasan teori. Jika diterapkan dengan benar, Domin mengatakan bahwa siswa akan memperoleh pengetahuan dan mengembangkan pemahaman yang kaya konsep, model, dan teori-teori. Dalam studi ini, kita fokus pada laboratorium penemuan-gaya di tingkat kedua tahun. Tantangan bagi siswa di tingkat ini adalah untuk secara efisien melakukan percobaan dan tepat menginterpretasikan hasil yang diperoleh.
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