Exhibit 3-5 displays and example of a time record. As the example show terjemahan - Exhibit 3-5 displays and example of a time record. As the example show Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Exhibit 3-5 displays and example of

Exhibit 3-5 displays and example of a time record. As the example shows, most of the employee’s time was spent working on two different production jobs. In the accounting department, the time spent of each job will be multiplied by the employee’s wage rate, and the cost will be recorded in Work In process Inventory and on the appropriate job-cost records. The employee also spent one half hour on shop cleanup duties. This time will be classified by the accounting department as indirect labor, and its cost will be included in manufacturing overhead.
Manufacturing-Overhead Cost
It is relatively simple to trace direct-material and direct-labor costs to production jobs, but manufacturing overhead is not easily traced to jobs. By definition, manufacturing overhead is a heterogeneous pool of indirect production costs, such as indirect material, indirect labor, utility cost, and depreciation. These cost often bear no obvious relationship to individual jobs or units of product, but they must be incurred for production to take place. Therefore, it is necessary to assign manufacturing-overhead cost to jobs in order to have a complete picture of production jobs is called overhead application ( or sometimes overhead absorption).
Overhead Application for product-costing information to be useful, it must be provided to managers on a timely basis. Suppose the cost-accounting department waited until the end of an accounting period so that the actual costs of manufacturing overhead could be determined before applying overhead costs to the firm’s products. The result would be very accurate overhead application. However, the information might be useless because it was not available to managers for planning, control, and decision making during the period.
Predetermined Overhead Rate The solution to this problem is to apply overhead to products on the basis of estimates made at the beginning of the accounting period. The accounting department chooses some measure of productive activity to use as the basis for overhead application. In traditional product-costing systems, this measure is ussualy

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Exhibit 3-5 displays and example of a time record. As the example shows, most of the employee’s time was spent working on two different production jobs. In the accounting department, the time spent of each job will be multiplied by the employee’s wage rate, and the cost will be recorded in Work In process Inventory and on the appropriate job-cost records. The employee also spent one half hour on shop cleanup duties. This time will be classified by the accounting department as indirect labor, and its cost will be included in manufacturing overhead.Manufacturing-Overhead CostIt is relatively simple to trace direct-material and direct-labor costs to production jobs, but manufacturing overhead is not easily traced to jobs. By definition, manufacturing overhead is a heterogeneous pool of indirect production costs, such as indirect material, indirect labor, utility cost, and depreciation. These cost often bear no obvious relationship to individual jobs or units of product, but they must be incurred for production to take place. Therefore, it is necessary to assign manufacturing-overhead cost to jobs in order to have a complete picture of production jobs is called overhead application ( or sometimes overhead absorption).Overhead Application for product-costing information to be useful, it must be provided to managers on a timely basis. Suppose the cost-accounting department waited until the end of an accounting period so that the actual costs of manufacturing overhead could be determined before applying overhead costs to the firm’s products. The result would be very accurate overhead application. However, the information might be useless because it was not available to managers for planning, control, and decision making during the period.Predetermined Overhead Rate The solution to this problem is to apply overhead to products on the basis of estimates made at the beginning of the accounting period. The accounting department chooses some measure of productive activity to use as the basis for overhead application. In traditional product-costing systems, this measure is ussualy
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Bukti 3-5 menampilkan dan contoh dari catatan waktu. Sebagai contoh menunjukkan, sebagian besar waktu karyawan dihabiskan bekerja pada dua pekerjaan produksi yang berbeda. Di departemen akuntansi, waktu yang dihabiskan setiap pekerjaan akan dikalikan dengan tingkat upah karyawan, dan biaya akan disimpan di Kerja Dalam proses Inventarisasi dan pada catatan pekerjaan-biaya yang sesuai. Karyawan juga menghabiskan satu setengah jam pada tugas toko pembersihan. Kali ini akan diklasifikasikan oleh departemen akuntansi sebagai tenaga kerja tidak langsung, dan biaya akan dimasukkan dalam manufaktur overhead.
Manufacturing-Overhead Cost
Hal ini relatif sederhana untuk melacak langsung material dan tenaga kerja langsung biaya untuk pekerjaan produksi, tetapi biaya overhead manufaktur tidak mudah ditelusuri ke pekerjaan. Menurut definisi, overhead pabrik adalah kolam heterogen biaya produksi tidak langsung, seperti bahan langsung, tenaga kerja tidak langsung, biaya utilitas, dan depresiasi. Biaya ini sering menanggung ada hubungan yang jelas untuk pekerjaan atau unit produk individu, tetapi mereka harus dikeluarkan untuk produksi untuk mengambil tempat. Oleh karena itu, perlu untuk menetapkan biaya produksi-overhead untuk pekerjaan dalam rangka untuk memiliki gambaran yang lengkap dari pekerjaan produksi disebut aplikasi overhead (atau penyerapan kadang-kadang overhead).
Aplikasi Overhead untuk produk-biaya informasi berguna, itu harus diberikan kepada manajer secara tepat waktu. Misalkan departemen biaya-akuntansi menunggu sampai akhir periode akuntansi sehingga biaya yang sebenarnya overhead manufaktur dapat ditentukan sebelum menerapkan biaya overhead ke produk perusahaan. Hasilnya akan menjadi aplikasi overhead yang sangat akurat. Namun, informasi yang mungkin berguna karena itu tidak tersedia untuk manajer untuk perencanaan, pengendalian, dan pengambilan keputusan selama periode tersebut.
Yang telah ditetapkan Overhead Beri Solusi untuk masalah ini adalah untuk menerapkan overhead untuk produk berdasarkan estimasi yang dibuat pada awal periode akuntansi. Departemen akuntansi memilih beberapa ukuran aktivitas produktif untuk digunakan sebagai dasar untuk aplikasi overhead. Dalam sistem produk-biaya tradisional, ukuran ini adalah ussualy

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