PUFA. For these trials, water conte

PUFA. For these trials, water content, temperature, and molar ratio of PC to fatty acid were kept at 1.0% (based on total substrate weight), 55 C, and 1:8, respectively. The effect of enzyme loading on the acidolysis reaction is shown in Fig. 4 The incorporation of n3 PUFA into PC increased significantly when enzyme loading increased up to 20%. However, the differences between the n3 PUFA contents achieved at enzyme loading of 20% and 30% were minimal. For example, at 12 h, the incorporation of n3 PUFA increased by 22.5 mol%, as enzyme loading was increased from 10% to 20%. However, the difference in the n3 PUFA contents achieved
between enzyme loading of 20% and 30% was only 4.3 mol%. It is important to reduce the enzyme loading for economic feasibility, although reactions, such as acidolysis and esterification, are proportional to enzyme loading (Blasi et al., 2009; Karabulut, Durmaz, & Hayaloglu, 2009). The yield of PC decreased sharply during the first 3 h of reaction and remained constant after 6 h for all enzyme loadings examined. With the higher enzyme loading, the lower yield of PC was
obtained. Previous studies have also reported that the extent of hydrolysis increased along with increased incorporation of fatty acid residues into PC when higher enzyme loadings were employed
(Doig & Diks, 2003; Vikbjerg, Mu, & Xu, 2005). Overall, during the acidolysis reaction, the yield of PC decreased significantly although the incorporation of n3 PUFA into PC increased. For enzyme loading, 20% was selected as the optimum for further study, when the incorporation of n3 PUFA into PC was primarily taken into con- sideration. The total n3 PUFA content in modified PC obtained after 24 h at this condition was 57.4 mol% and the yield of PC was 16.7 mol%. In addition, vacuum was applied in the next step to enhance the yield of PC.
3.2.4. Vacuum
It is well known that enzymatic reactions in non-aqueous media are critically sensitive to the water content of the system. There

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

PUFA. Untuk percobaan ini, kadar air, suhu, dan rasio molar antara PC untuk asam lemak yang disimpan di 1,0% (berdasarkan berat total substrat), 55 C, dan 1:8, masing-masing. Efek dari enzim loading reaksi acidolysis ditunjukkan dalam gambar 4 penggabungan n 3 PUFA ke PC meningkat significantly ketika enzim yang memuat meningkat hingga 20%. Namun, perbedaan antara isi PUFA n 3 dicapai pada enzim pemuatan 20% dan 30% yang minim. Misalnya, pada 12 h, penggabungan n 3 PUFA meningkat sebesar 22.5 mol %, enzim pemuatan meningkat dari 10% sampai 20%. Namun, mencapai perbedaan dalam isi PUFA n 3antara enzim pemuatan 20% dan 30% adalah hanya 4,3% mol. Hal ini penting untuk mengurangi enzim loading untuk kelayakan ekonomi, walaupun reaksi, seperti acidolysis dan esterification, sebanding dengan enzim loading (Blasi et al., 2009; Karabulut, Liza, & Hayaloglu, 2009). Hasil dari PC menurun tajam selama posisi 3 h reaksi dan tetap konstan setelah 6 jam untuk tas enzim semua diperiksa. Dengan pemuatan enzim yang lebih tinggi, hasil yang lebih rendah dari PC adalahDiperoleh. Studi sebelumnya telah juga melaporkan bahwa tingkat hidrolisis meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan penggabungan dari asam lemak residu ke PC ketika tinggi enzim tas dipekerjakan(Doig & Diks, 2003; Vikbjerg, Mu, & Xu, 2005). Secara keseluruhan, selama reaksi acidolysis, hasil dari PC berkurang significantly meskipun penggabungan n 3 PUFA ke PC meningkat. Untuk pemuatan enzim, 20% dipilih sebagai optimum untuk studi lebih lanjut, ketika penggabungan n 3 PUFA ke PC terutama diambil ke con-sideration. Total n 3 PUFA konten dalam modified PC yang diperoleh setelah 24 jam pada kondisi ini adalah 57.4 mol % dan hasil dari PC adalah 16.7 mol %. Selain itu, vakum diterapkan pada langkah berikutnya untuk meningkatkan hasil dari PC.3.2.4. vakumHal ini juga diketahui bahwa reaksi enzim dalam media berair bebas sangat sensitif terhadap kadar air sistem. Ada