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We l l - d e s i g n e d p e r s o n a l i t y instruments should also provide relatively high and flat Test Information Functions. That is, such measures should aim to differentiate between people equally across all levels of possible personality, rather than say, accurately differentiating between those low versus moderate or high on a trait, but being less accurate at differentiating between those moderate versus high. In contrast, the Test Information Function for a clinical measure of psychological health or distress should look quite different in a general population sample. Here we would reasonably expect that the Test Information Function would be skewed toward high values of θ, say for example, θ > 1 (keeping in mind that 1 represents 1 Standard Deviation unit). A function of this type would indicate that the test provided detailed information differentiating between people with high versus very high levels of the trait in question, but did not differentiate that well between people with low or moderate scores. This is exactly the type of function observed, for instance, in Item Response Analyses of the Kessler-6 screening scale for non-specific psychological distress in general population samples (Kessler et al., 2002; Krynen, Osborne, Duck & Sibley, 2012).
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