This article reports the findings o

This article reports the findings of two experimental tests of self-efficacy
theory of behavioral change. The first study investigated the hypothesis that
systematic desensitization effects changes in avoidance behavior by creating
and strengthening expectations of personal efficacy. Thorough extinction
of anxiety arousal to visualized threats by desensitization treatment produced
differential increases in self-efficacy. In accord with prediction,
microanalysis of congruence between self-efficacy and performance showed
self-efficacy to be a highly accurate predictor of degree of behavioral
change following complete desensitization. The findings also lend support
to the view that pereeived self-efficacy mediates anxiety arousal. The second
experiment investigated the process of efficacy and behavioral change
during the course of treatment by participant modeling. Self-efficacy
proved to be a superior predictor of amount of behavioral improvement
phobics gained from partial mastery of threats at different phases of treatment.
According to social learning theory (Bandura, 1977a), changes in defensive
behavior produced by different methods of treatment derive from a common
cognitive mechanism. It is postulated that psychological procedures,
whatever their format, serve as ways of creating and strengthening expectations
of personal effectiveness. Perceived self-efficacy affects people's
'This research was supported by Public Health Research Grant M-5162 from the National
Institute of Mental Health. The authors are indebted to Laura Macht for her able assistance in
administering the assessment procedures, and to Earl Neilson for his contributions to the preliminary
work in this project. We are grateful to Patti McReynolds, Robert Peterson, and
Duane Varble for arranging the research facilities at the University of Nevada, Rend.
2Address all correspondence to Albert Bandura, Department of Psychology, Stanford University,
Stanford, California 94305.
287

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Artikel ini melaporkan temuan-temuan dua tes eksperimental kemanjuran diriteori perubahan perilaku. Studi pertama menyelidiki hipotesis bahwasistematis desensitisasi efek perubahan dalam menghindari perilaku dengan menciptakandan memperkuat harapan pribadi khasiat. Kepunahan menyeluruhkecemasan gairah untuk divisualisasikan ancaman oleh perawatan desensitisasi diproduksidiferensial peningkatan diri-kemanjuran. Sesuai dengan prediksi,mikro harmoni antara diri-efektivitas dan kinerja yang menunjukkandiri-kemanjuran menjadi prediktor sangat akurat tingkat perilakumengubah mengikuti desensitisasi lengkap. Temuan juga meminjamkan dukunganTampilan pereeived diri-keberhasilan menengahi kecemasan gairah. Keduapercobaan diselidiki proses khasiat dan perubahan perilakuselama perawatan oleh peserta pemodelan. Kemanjuran diriterbukti unggul prediktor jumlah peningkatan perilakuphobics Diperoleh dari penguasaan parsial ancaman pada berbagai tahap pengobatan.Menurut teori pembelajaran sosial (Bandura, 1977a), perubahan dalam defensifperilaku yang dihasilkan oleh metode yang berbeda dari pengobatan yang berasal dari Umummekanisme kognitif. Ia diakui bahwa psikologis prosedur,apa pun mereka format, berfungsi sebagai cara untuk menciptakan dan memperkuat harapanefektivitas pribadi. Dirasakan diri-kemanjuran mempengaruhi orang-orang' Penelitian ini didukung oleh kesehatan masyarakat penelitian hibah M-5162 NationalInstitute of Mental Health. Para penulis berhutang budi kepada Laura Macht untuk bantuan nya bisa dimengelola prosedur penilaian, dan Earl Neilson untuk sumbangannya Pendahuluanbekerja dalam proyek ini. Kami sangat berterima kasih untuk Patti McReynolds, Robert Peterson, danDuane Varble untuk mengatur fasilitas penelitian di Universitas Nevada, Rend.2Address semua korespondensi ke Albert Bandura, jurusan psikologi, Universitas Stanford,Stanford, California 94305.287