- Teks
- Sejarah
CHAPTER IINTRODUCTION1.1 Background
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Problem
English is an international language in the world. We can not deny the importance of English language in this modern world. This language helps us to express thinking and feelings, to talk, to exchange views, and to contract between person wherever we live. Furthermore, in the world that English is considered as the main language, English is now taking an importance part in the chance to take a job. Hence, we can predict that English language will continue to develop and bring us more advantages and the near future.
In Indonesia, English is learned since junior high school until University. In the school English is an important subject that must be teaching by the teacher. As long as we know the English subject is an compulsory subject. It’s include to final examination in the Junior High School and Senior High School.
In the English as subject school, English has four basic skills. The four basic skills are : writing, reading, listening and writing. The four basic skills have different purposes. The basic skills that use by the students and study in their school is writing. Writing is important skill that must be learned by the students’. Not only writing text in their school. They can use in daily life context such as: writing diary, writing lyric of song, writing name of place and writing our ideas. In the process of teaching and learning English, writing ability is the most difficult and complicated language skill to be learned almost by the students in every level of education.
There are some problem that the students found when they wrote the text. First, the students are lack of vocabulary. Vocabulary is very important thing that must be the students mastered to write a text. If they have and know many vocabulary in their memory, they never feel confused when they want to write something. Second, the students are lack of grammar. Grammar is important to the students to know to make the reader knows what the idea on the text. Actually, writing needs well knowledge and hard thinking when the students produce words, sentences, paragraph at the same time with good English grammatical. Some mistakes are made when the students do not understand well about the English grammar. Many of the students commonly make grammar mistakes in their learning activity especially in writing. But, sometimes the teacher did not aware about students' mistakes. Then the students made their mistakes repeatedly because they do not have the correction and it was what we have called as error.
Errors in foreign language teaching especially in English are the cases which are difficult enough to avoid. Many aspects that can cause the learners of English as a foreign language make errors and sometimes mother tongue interference also became one of the caused. Errors in language learning are natural. Therefore, when the teachers teach in the school, they will find many phenomena; they will find many students who have good writing in English and may be they will find many students who have low ability in writing English.
According to the curriculum of based competences in SMA PERTI Padang, Writing in the First Year students taught into five kinds of texts are: Recount, Narrative, Procedure, Descriptive, and News Item. Here the writer only used writing Recount text to be analyzed. Recount text is one of kind English text that the students learn in their school. Recount text is about someone's experience story. It’s also has some determinate to learn and write recount text. The teacher has to know about recount text before, such as the purposes of recount text, generic structure and language features to make the students written is a good text.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher is interested to analyze the students' errors in writing of recount text, especially in grammatical errors. The reason of writer choose that recount text because they had study in first year in senior high school PERTI Padang.
1.2 Identification of the Problem
Writing is one kind of English skill. The most of the students think that writing is difficult because they must be know and have knowledge such as: grammar, vocabulary and the purpose of what they write. In writing there are some reason such as to employ message, ideas, and express their feeling. In writing there are some component that must be know one of them are grammatical, content and vocabulary. So, write something the writer should know about what is the component of writing to make a good text. The components of writing are: content, organization, vocabulary, language use and mechanics.
Recount text is one kind of text that the students study in the first year of senior high school. Writing recount text has same sequence that should be know by the students. Especially in grammatical rules, the students should be understand what and when they will use a correct grammar.
The students main problem in writing recount text is about grammatical. They still confused to use the grammar. The students confused because their knowledge about grammar is very low. They cannot differenciate between the kind of grammar such as: past tense, future tense, and present tense. So, the researcher wanted to analyze the students. Grammatical error in write recount text.
1.3 Limitation of the Problem
In this research, the researcher limited the type of text to be analyzed. The researcher chose it because the students in first year had study about recount text, because of the grammatical is difficult of the students in first year senior high school and the students always have mistakes in grammar of recount text. The researcher wanted to analyse the students’ grammatical error in writing recount text.
According to James (1998) Error is the process of determinating the incidence, nature, causes, and consequences of unsuccessful language. It means to analyse an error of the students, it have to know the cause of the students. So, the researcher limit the problem of the students are: first, the students are lack of using kind of tense in write recount text, and the second, the students are lack of comprehence to write recount text with good sequence.
1.4 Research Questions
Based on the limitation of the problem above, the researcher conclude the problem in the form of questions are:
1. What is the main mistake of the students in writing a recount text?
2. How is the students’ skill in knowlegde about grammatical rule in recount text?
3. What kind of errors did the students make?
1.5 Purpose of The Research
The purpose of the research are:
1. To analyse the students’ grammatical error in writing recount text
2. To describe the students skill of grammar in context of recount text.
3. To describe kinds of errors that the students make in writing a recount text.
1.6 Significant of The Research
This research gives contribution to the students. First, The students know about their mistake in writing recount text, especially in grammatical rules. If they know about their mistake, they will not repeat again their mistake in the context of recount text. second, the students can improve their skill about writing recount text with good sequence.
This research also give contribution for the teacher, by having know the students’ mistake, the teacher can improve their teaching in writing recount text. English teacher can found the another method to teach writing until the students understand and do not make mistakes again in the next exam or test. Third, for the researcher, it can know about the students skill in grammatical errors of recount text.
1.7 Definition of The Key Term
The following definitions are used to avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation about the terms used in this thesis:
1. Error
Brown (2000), he defined error as the process to observe, analyze, and classify the deviations of the rules ofthe second language and then to reveal the systems operated by learne
2. Writing
According to Ghait (2002) Writing is a complex process that allows writer to explore thoughts and ideas, and make them visible and concrete.
3. Grammatical
According to James (2004) “Grammar is defined as a systematic way accounting for apredicting an ideal speaker’s or hearer’sknowledge of the language. This is done by a set of rules or principles that can be used to generate all well-formed or grammatical utterances in the language.
4. Recount text
According to Rohim (2005: 9-10) Recount is to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining. It consists of orientation, events, and re-orientation.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The nature of Writing
Wikipedia states that writing is a medium of communication that represents language though the inscription of signs and symbols. According to Tarigan (1985:5) writing is productive skills for writing on indirect communication and the nature of the character is very different from that expressed by speaking directly, therefor writing is included an ability, according to Harmer (2001:79) writing is from of communication to deliver throught or to express feeling through written form. So, writing is an inderect communication to deliver through or to express feeling through writen form.
Writing is important skill in study English for all level. It has many purposes such as to improve the students vocabulary, to improve the students grammatical, etc. Writing is more difficult rather than the other language skills because it needs well knowledge and hard thinking when they are produce words, sentences and paragraphs with a good grammatical.
Jeremy (2001) says written text has a number of conventions which separate it out from speaking. Apart from differences in Grammar and Vocabulary, there are issues of letter, word, and text formation, manifested by handwriting, spelling, and layout and punctuation. It means writing more difficult than speaking. Because in wri
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Problem
English is an international language in the world. We can not deny the importance of English language in this modern world. This language helps us to express thinking and feelings, to talk, to exchange views, and to contract between person wherever we live. Furthermore, in the world that English is considered as the main language, English is now taking an importance part in the chance to take a job. Hence, we can predict that English language will continue to develop and bring us more advantages and the near future.
In Indonesia, English is learned since junior high school until University. In the school English is an important subject that must be teaching by the teacher. As long as we know the English subject is an compulsory subject. It’s include to final examination in the Junior High School and Senior High School.
In the English as subject school, English has four basic skills. The four basic skills are : writing, reading, listening and writing. The four basic skills have different purposes. The basic skills that use by the students and study in their school is writing. Writing is important skill that must be learned by the students’. Not only writing text in their school. They can use in daily life context such as: writing diary, writing lyric of song, writing name of place and writing our ideas. In the process of teaching and learning English, writing ability is the most difficult and complicated language skill to be learned almost by the students in every level of education.
There are some problem that the students found when they wrote the text. First, the students are lack of vocabulary. Vocabulary is very important thing that must be the students mastered to write a text. If they have and know many vocabulary in their memory, they never feel confused when they want to write something. Second, the students are lack of grammar. Grammar is important to the students to know to make the reader knows what the idea on the text. Actually, writing needs well knowledge and hard thinking when the students produce words, sentences, paragraph at the same time with good English grammatical. Some mistakes are made when the students do not understand well about the English grammar. Many of the students commonly make grammar mistakes in their learning activity especially in writing. But, sometimes the teacher did not aware about students' mistakes. Then the students made their mistakes repeatedly because they do not have the correction and it was what we have called as error.
Errors in foreign language teaching especially in English are the cases which are difficult enough to avoid. Many aspects that can cause the learners of English as a foreign language make errors and sometimes mother tongue interference also became one of the caused. Errors in language learning are natural. Therefore, when the teachers teach in the school, they will find many phenomena; they will find many students who have good writing in English and may be they will find many students who have low ability in writing English.
According to the curriculum of based competences in SMA PERTI Padang, Writing in the First Year students taught into five kinds of texts are: Recount, Narrative, Procedure, Descriptive, and News Item. Here the writer only used writing Recount text to be analyzed. Recount text is one of kind English text that the students learn in their school. Recount text is about someone's experience story. It’s also has some determinate to learn and write recount text. The teacher has to know about recount text before, such as the purposes of recount text, generic structure and language features to make the students written is a good text.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher is interested to analyze the students' errors in writing of recount text, especially in grammatical errors. The reason of writer choose that recount text because they had study in first year in senior high school PERTI Padang.
1.2 Identification of the Problem
Writing is one kind of English skill. The most of the students think that writing is difficult because they must be know and have knowledge such as: grammar, vocabulary and the purpose of what they write. In writing there are some reason such as to employ message, ideas, and express their feeling. In writing there are some component that must be know one of them are grammatical, content and vocabulary. So, write something the writer should know about what is the component of writing to make a good text. The components of writing are: content, organization, vocabulary, language use and mechanics.
Recount text is one kind of text that the students study in the first year of senior high school. Writing recount text has same sequence that should be know by the students. Especially in grammatical rules, the students should be understand what and when they will use a correct grammar.
The students main problem in writing recount text is about grammatical. They still confused to use the grammar. The students confused because their knowledge about grammar is very low. They cannot differenciate between the kind of grammar such as: past tense, future tense, and present tense. So, the researcher wanted to analyze the students. Grammatical error in write recount text.
1.3 Limitation of the Problem
In this research, the researcher limited the type of text to be analyzed. The researcher chose it because the students in first year had study about recount text, because of the grammatical is difficult of the students in first year senior high school and the students always have mistakes in grammar of recount text. The researcher wanted to analyse the students’ grammatical error in writing recount text.
According to James (1998) Error is the process of determinating the incidence, nature, causes, and consequences of unsuccessful language. It means to analyse an error of the students, it have to know the cause of the students. So, the researcher limit the problem of the students are: first, the students are lack of using kind of tense in write recount text, and the second, the students are lack of comprehence to write recount text with good sequence.
1.4 Research Questions
Based on the limitation of the problem above, the researcher conclude the problem in the form of questions are:
1. What is the main mistake of the students in writing a recount text?
2. How is the students’ skill in knowlegde about grammatical rule in recount text?
3. What kind of errors did the students make?
1.5 Purpose of The Research
The purpose of the research are:
1. To analyse the students’ grammatical error in writing recount text
2. To describe the students skill of grammar in context of recount text.
3. To describe kinds of errors that the students make in writing a recount text.
1.6 Significant of The Research
This research gives contribution to the students. First, The students know about their mistake in writing recount text, especially in grammatical rules. If they know about their mistake, they will not repeat again their mistake in the context of recount text. second, the students can improve their skill about writing recount text with good sequence.
This research also give contribution for the teacher, by having know the students’ mistake, the teacher can improve their teaching in writing recount text. English teacher can found the another method to teach writing until the students understand and do not make mistakes again in the next exam or test. Third, for the researcher, it can know about the students skill in grammatical errors of recount text.
1.7 Definition of The Key Term
The following definitions are used to avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation about the terms used in this thesis:
1. Error
Brown (2000), he defined error as the process to observe, analyze, and classify the deviations of the rules ofthe second language and then to reveal the systems operated by learne
2. Writing
According to Ghait (2002) Writing is a complex process that allows writer to explore thoughts and ideas, and make them visible and concrete.
3. Grammatical
According to James (2004) “Grammar is defined as a systematic way accounting for apredicting an ideal speaker’s or hearer’sknowledge of the language. This is done by a set of rules or principles that can be used to generate all well-formed or grammatical utterances in the language.
4. Recount text
According to Rohim (2005: 9-10) Recount is to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining. It consists of orientation, events, and re-orientation.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The nature of Writing
Wikipedia states that writing is a medium of communication that represents language though the inscription of signs and symbols. According to Tarigan (1985:5) writing is productive skills for writing on indirect communication and the nature of the character is very different from that expressed by speaking directly, therefor writing is included an ability, according to Harmer (2001:79) writing is from of communication to deliver throught or to express feeling through written form. So, writing is an inderect communication to deliver through or to express feeling through writen form.
Writing is important skill in study English for all level. It has many purposes such as to improve the students vocabulary, to improve the students grammatical, etc. Writing is more difficult rather than the other language skills because it needs well knowledge and hard thinking when they are produce words, sentences and paragraphs with a good grammatical.
Jeremy (2001) says written text has a number of conventions which separate it out from speaking. Apart from differences in Grammar and Vocabulary, there are issues of letter, word, and text formation, manifested by handwriting, spelling, and layout and punctuation. It means writing more difficult than speaking. Because in wri
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BAB SAYAPENDAHULUAN1.1 latar belakang masalahBahasa Inggris adalah bahasa antarbangsa di dunia. Kita tidak dapat menyangkal pentingnya bahasa Inggris dalam dunia modern ini. Bahasa ini membantu kita untuk mengungkapkan pemikiran dan perasaan, untuk berbicara, untuk bertukar pandangan dan untuk kontrak antara orang di mana pun kita hidup. Selain itu, di dunia Inggris dianggap sebagai bahasa utama, Inggris sekarang mengambil peran penting dalam kesempatan untuk mengambil pekerjaan. Oleh karena itu, kita bisa meramal bahwa bahasa Inggris akan terus mengembangkan dan membawa kita lebih banyak keuntungan dan masa depan.Di Indonesia, bahasa Inggris belajar sejak SMP sampai Universitas. Di sekolah bahasa Inggris adalah subjek yang penting yang harus mengajar oleh guru. Selama kita tahu Inggris subjek adalah subjek yang wajib. Hal ini mencakup untuk ujian akhir di SMP dan SMA.Dalam bahasa Inggris sebagai mata pelajaran sekolah, bahasa Inggris memiliki empat keterampilan dasar. Keterampilan dasar empat adalah: menulis, membaca, mendengarkan dan menulis. Empat keterampilan dasar memiliki tujuan yang berbeda. Keterampilan dasar yang digunakan oleh siswa dan belajar di sekolah mereka menulis. Menulis adalah keterampilan penting yang harus dipelajari oleh para siswa. Tidak hanya menulis teks dalam sekolah mereka. Mereka dapat menggunakan dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari seperti: menulis buku harian, menulis lirik lagu, menulis nama tempat dan menulis ide-ide kami. Dalam proses belajar mengajar bahasa Inggris, kemampuan menulis adalah keterampilan bahasa paling sulit dan rumit untuk hampir dipelajari oleh para siswa di setiap tingkat pendidikan. Ada beberapa masalah bahwa siswa ditemukan ketika mereka menulis teks. Pertama, mahasiswa adalah minimnya kosa kata. Kosakata sangat penting hal yang harus menjadi siswa menguasai untuk menulis teks. Jika mereka memiliki dan tahu banyak kosakata dalam ingatan mereka, mereka tidak pernah merasa bingung ketika mereka ingin menulis sesuatu. Kedua, siswa adalah kurangnya tata bahasa. Tata bahasa sangat penting untuk para siswa untuk tahu untuk membuat pembaca tahu apa gagasan pada teks. Sebenarnya, menulis kebutuhan baik pengetahuan dan berpikir keras ketika siswa menghasilkan kata-kata, kalimat, paragraf pada waktu yang sama dengan tata bahasa bahasa Inggris yang baik. Beberapa kesalahan yang dibuat ketika siswa tidak memahami baik tentang bahasa Inggris grammar. Banyak siswa umumnya membuat kesalahan tata bahasa dalam kegiatan belajar mereka terutama dalam menulis. Tapi, kadang-kadang guru tidak sadar tentang kesalahan siswa. Kemudian siswa membuat kesalahan mereka berulang kali karena mereka tidak memiliki koreksi dan itu adalah apa yang kita sebut sebagai kesalahan.Kesalahan dalam bahasa asing yang mengajar khususnya dalam English adalah perkara-perkara yang cukup sulit untuk menghindari. Banyak aspek yang dapat menyebabkan pembelajar bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing membuat kesalahan dan kadang-kadang campur tangan Ibu juga menjadi salah satu disebabkan. Kesalahan dalam belajar bahasa alami. Oleh karena itu, ketika guru mengajar di sekolah, mereka akan menemukan banyak fenomena; mereka akan menemukan banyak siswa yang memiliki baik menulis dalam bahasa Inggris dan mungkin mereka akan menemukan banyak siswa yang memiliki kemampuan rendah dalam menulis bahasa Inggris.Menurut kurikulum berbasis kompetensi di SMA PERTI Padang, menulis siswa tahun pertama diajarkan menjadi lima macam teks adalah: menceritakan, narasi, prosedur, Descriptive, dan berita. Di sini penulis hanya digunakan menulis Tsamrotul dianalisis. Teks adalah salah satu jenis teks Inggris bahwa siswa belajar di sekolah mereka. Teks ini adalah tentang kisah pengalaman seseorang. Hal ini juga memiliki beberapa menentukan untuk belajar dan menulis teks. Guru harus tahu tentang teks sebelumnya, seperti tujuan teks, struktur dan bahasa generik fitur untuk membuat siswa yang ditulis adalah teks yang baik. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, para peneliti tertarik untuk menganalisis kesalahan siswa dalam menulis teks, terutama dalam kesalahan tata bahasa. Alasan penulis memilih yang menceritakan teks karena mereka telah belajar di tahun pertama di SMA Persatuan Tarbiyah ISLAMIYAH Padang.1.2 identifikasi masalahMenulis adalah salah satu jenis kemampuan bahasa Inggris. Sebagian besar siswa berpikir bahwa menulis sulit karena mereka harus tahu dan memiliki pengetahuan seperti: tata bahasa, kosa kata dan tujuan dari apa yang mereka tulis. Dalam tulisan ada beberapa alasan seperti untuk mempekerjakan pesan, ide, dan mengekspresikan perasaan mereka. Dalam tulisan ada beberapa komponen yang harus tahu salah satu dari mereka konten, tata bahasa dan kosa kata. Jadi, menulis sesuatu yang penulis ketahui tentang apa komponen menulis untuk membuat teks yang baik. Komponen menulis adalah: konten, organisasi, kosakata, penggunaan bahasa dan mekanika.Teks ini adalah salah satu jenis teks yang siswa belajar di tahun pertama sekolah menengah atas. Menulis teks memiliki sama urutan yang harus tahu oleh siswa. Terutama dalam peraturan tata bahasa, siswa harus memahami apa dan kapan mereka akan menggunakan tata bahasa yang benar. Masalah utama siswa dalam menulis teks adalah tentang tata bahasa. Mereka masih bingung untuk menggunakan tata bahasa. Siswa bingung karena mereka pengetahuan tentang tata bahasa sangat rendah. Mereka tidak bisa d antara jenis tata bahasa seperti: masa lampau, masa depan tegang dan sekarang. Jadi, para peneliti ingin menganalisis siswa. Kesalahan dalam menulis teks.1.3 pembatasan masalahDalam penelitian ini, peneliti terbatas jenis teks untuk dianalisis. Peneliti memilihnya karena para mahasiswa tahun pertama itu studi tentang menceritakan teks, karena tata bahasa sulit siswa di pertama tahun senior SMA dan para siswa selalu memiliki kesalahan dalam tata bahasa dari teks. Peneliti ingin menganalisis kesalahan tata bahasa siswa dalam menulis teks. Menurut James (1998) kesalahan adalah proses determinating insiden, sifat, penyebab dan konsekuensi dari bahasa gagal. Itu berarti untuk menganalisis kesalahan siswa, itu harus tahu penyebab siswa. Jadi, batas peneliti masalah siswa adalah: pertama, mahasiswa adalah kurangnya menggunakan jenis tegang dalam menulis teks, dan kedua, siswa adalah kurangnya comprehence untuk menulis teks dengan urutan yang baik.1.4 pertanyaan penelitianBerdasarkan keterbatasan masalah diatas, peneliti menyimpulkan masalah dalam bentuk pertanyaan adalah:1. apa adalah kesalahan utama siswa dalam menulis teks?2. Bagaimana Apakah siswa keterampilan dalam pengetahuan tentang aturan tata bahasa dalam teks?3. apa jenis kesalahan Apakah siswa membuat?1.5 tujuan penelitianTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah:1. untuk menganalisis kesalahan tata bahasa siswa dalam menulis teks2. untuk menggambarkan keterampilan siswa tata bahasa dalam konteks teks.3. untuk menggambarkan jenis-jenis kesalahan yang membuat siswa dalam menulis teks.1.6 signifikan penelitianPenelitian ini memberikan kontribusi kepada siswa. Pertama, mahasiswa tahu tentang kesalahan mereka dalam menulis teks, terutama dalam peraturan tata bahasa. Jika mereka tahu tentang kesalahan mereka, mereka tidak akan mengulangi lagi kesalahan mereka dalam konteks teks. kedua, siswa dapat meningkatkan keterampilan mereka tentang menulis teks dengan urutan yang baik.Penelitian ini juga memberikan kontribusi untuk guru, dengan memiliki tahu kesalahan siswa, guru dapat meningkatkan pengajaran mereka dalam menulis teks. Guru bahasa Inggris dapat ditemukan metode lain untuk mengajar menulis sampai siswa memahami dan tidak membuat kesalahan lagi dalam ujian berikutnya atau tes. Ketiga, untuk para peneliti, dapat mengetahui tentang keterampilan siswa dalam kesalahan tata bahasa dari teks.1.7 definisi dari istilah kunciDefinisi berikut digunakan untuk menghindari kesalahpahaman dan kesalahpahaman tentang istilah-istilah yang digunakan dalam tesis ini:1. kesalahan Cokelat (2000), ia didefinisikan kesalahan sebagai proses untuk mengamati, menganalisis, dan mengklasifikasikan penyimpangan aturan bahasa kedua dan kemudian mengungkapkan sistem yang dioperasikan oleh learne2. menulisMenurut Ghait (2002) menulis adalah sebuah proses kompleks yang memungkinkan penulis untuk mengeksplorasi pikiran dan ide-ide, dan membuat mereka terlihat dan beton.3. tata bahasaMenurut James (2004) "tata bahasa didefinisikan sebagai cara yang sistematis akuntansi untuk apredicting ideal pembicara atau hearer'sknowledge bahasa. Hal ini dilakukan oleh seperangkat aturan atau prinsip-prinsip yang dapat digunakan untuk menghasilkan semua ucapan-ucapan gramatikal atau well-formed dalam bahasa.4. TsamrotulMenurut Rohim (2005: 9-10) menceritakan adalah untuk menceritakan kembali peristiwa untuk memberitahu atau menghibur. Terdiri dari orientasi, acara, dan Re-Orientasi. BAB IIKAJIAN PUSTAKA TERKAIT2.1 sifat menulis Wikipedia menyatakan bahwa menulis adalah media komunikasi yang mewakili bahasa meskipun prasasti tanda-tanda dan simbol. Menurut Tarigan (1985:5) menulis adalah keterampilan yang produktif untuk menulis pada komunikasi langsung dan sifat karakter sangat berbeda dari yang dinyatakan dengan berbicara langsung, untuk itu menulis termasuk kemampuan, menurut Harmer (2001:79) menulis adalah dari komunikasi untuk menyampaikan berpikir atau untuk mengekspresikan perasaan melalui bentuk tertulis. Jadi, menulis adalah komunikasi inderect untuk menyampaikan melalui atau untuk mengekspresikan perasaan melalui formulir ditulis.Menulis adalah keterampilan yang penting dalam studi bahasa Inggris untuk semua tingkat. Ini memiliki banyak tujuan seperti untuk meningkatkan kosa kata siswa, untuk meningkatkan siswa tata bahasa, dll. Menulis lebih sulit daripada keterampilan bahasa lain karena membutuhkan pengetahuan yang baik dan keras berpikir ketika mereka yang menghasilkan kata-kata, kalimat dan paragraf dengan baik tata bahasa.Jeremy (2001) mengatakan teks tertulis memiliki sejumlah Konvensi yang memisahkan dari berbicara. Terlepas dari perbedaan dalam tata bahasa dan kosa kata, ada masalah huruf, kata, dan formasi teks, diwujudkan oleh tulisan tangan, ejaan, dan tata letak dan tanda baca. Itu berarti menulis lebih sulit daripada berbicara. Karena di wri
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Problem
English is an international language in the world. We can not deny the importance of English language in this modern world. This language helps us to express thinking and feelings, to talk, to exchange views, and to contract between person wherever we live. Furthermore, in the world that English is considered as the main language, English is now taking an importance part in the chance to take a job. Hence, we can predict that English language will continue to develop and bring us more advantages and the near future.
In Indonesia, English is learned since junior high school until University. In the school English is an important subject that must be teaching by the teacher. As long as we know the English subject is an compulsory subject. It’s include to final examination in the Junior High School and Senior High School.
In the English as subject school, English has four basic skills. The four basic skills are : writing, reading, listening and writing. The four basic skills have different purposes. The basic skills that use by the students and study in their school is writing. Writing is important skill that must be learned by the students’. Not only writing text in their school. They can use in daily life context such as: writing diary, writing lyric of song, writing name of place and writing our ideas. In the process of teaching and learning English, writing ability is the most difficult and complicated language skill to be learned almost by the students in every level of education.
There are some problem that the students found when they wrote the text. First, the students are lack of vocabulary. Vocabulary is very important thing that must be the students mastered to write a text. If they have and know many vocabulary in their memory, they never feel confused when they want to write something. Second, the students are lack of grammar. Grammar is important to the students to know to make the reader knows what the idea on the text. Actually, writing needs well knowledge and hard thinking when the students produce words, sentences, paragraph at the same time with good English grammatical. Some mistakes are made when the students do not understand well about the English grammar. Many of the students commonly make grammar mistakes in their learning activity especially in writing. But, sometimes the teacher did not aware about students' mistakes. Then the students made their mistakes repeatedly because they do not have the correction and it was what we have called as error.
Errors in foreign language teaching especially in English are the cases which are difficult enough to avoid. Many aspects that can cause the learners of English as a foreign language make errors and sometimes mother tongue interference also became one of the caused. Errors in language learning are natural. Therefore, when the teachers teach in the school, they will find many phenomena; they will find many students who have good writing in English and may be they will find many students who have low ability in writing English.
According to the curriculum of based competences in SMA PERTI Padang, Writing in the First Year students taught into five kinds of texts are: Recount, Narrative, Procedure, Descriptive, and News Item. Here the writer only used writing Recount text to be analyzed. Recount text is one of kind English text that the students learn in their school. Recount text is about someone's experience story. It’s also has some determinate to learn and write recount text. The teacher has to know about recount text before, such as the purposes of recount text, generic structure and language features to make the students written is a good text.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher is interested to analyze the students' errors in writing of recount text, especially in grammatical errors. The reason of writer choose that recount text because they had study in first year in senior high school PERTI Padang.
1.2 Identification of the Problem
Writing is one kind of English skill. The most of the students think that writing is difficult because they must be know and have knowledge such as: grammar, vocabulary and the purpose of what they write. In writing there are some reason such as to employ message, ideas, and express their feeling. In writing there are some component that must be know one of them are grammatical, content and vocabulary. So, write something the writer should know about what is the component of writing to make a good text. The components of writing are: content, organization, vocabulary, language use and mechanics.
Recount text is one kind of text that the students study in the first year of senior high school. Writing recount text has same sequence that should be know by the students. Especially in grammatical rules, the students should be understand what and when they will use a correct grammar.
The students main problem in writing recount text is about grammatical. They still confused to use the grammar. The students confused because their knowledge about grammar is very low. They cannot differenciate between the kind of grammar such as: past tense, future tense, and present tense. So, the researcher wanted to analyze the students. Grammatical error in write recount text.
1.3 Limitation of the Problem
In this research, the researcher limited the type of text to be analyzed. The researcher chose it because the students in first year had study about recount text, because of the grammatical is difficult of the students in first year senior high school and the students always have mistakes in grammar of recount text. The researcher wanted to analyse the students’ grammatical error in writing recount text.
According to James (1998) Error is the process of determinating the incidence, nature, causes, and consequences of unsuccessful language. It means to analyse an error of the students, it have to know the cause of the students. So, the researcher limit the problem of the students are: first, the students are lack of using kind of tense in write recount text, and the second, the students are lack of comprehence to write recount text with good sequence.
1.4 Research Questions
Based on the limitation of the problem above, the researcher conclude the problem in the form of questions are:
1. What is the main mistake of the students in writing a recount text?
2. How is the students’ skill in knowlegde about grammatical rule in recount text?
3. What kind of errors did the students make?
1.5 Purpose of The Research
The purpose of the research are:
1. To analyse the students’ grammatical error in writing recount text
2. To describe the students skill of grammar in context of recount text.
3. To describe kinds of errors that the students make in writing a recount text.
1.6 Significant of The Research
This research gives contribution to the students. First, The students know about their mistake in writing recount text, especially in grammatical rules. If they know about their mistake, they will not repeat again their mistake in the context of recount text. second, the students can improve their skill about writing recount text with good sequence.
This research also give contribution for the teacher, by having know the students’ mistake, the teacher can improve their teaching in writing recount text. English teacher can found the another method to teach writing until the students understand and do not make mistakes again in the next exam or test. Third, for the researcher, it can know about the students skill in grammatical errors of recount text.
1.7 Definition of The Key Term
The following definitions are used to avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation about the terms used in this thesis:
1. Error
Brown (2000), he defined error as the process to observe, analyze, and classify the deviations of the rules ofthe second language and then to reveal the systems operated by learne
2. Writing
According to Ghait (2002) Writing is a complex process that allows writer to explore thoughts and ideas, and make them visible and concrete.
3. Grammatical
According to James (2004) “Grammar is defined as a systematic way accounting for apredicting an ideal speaker’s or hearer’sknowledge of the language. This is done by a set of rules or principles that can be used to generate all well-formed or grammatical utterances in the language.
4. Recount text
According to Rohim (2005: 9-10) Recount is to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining. It consists of orientation, events, and re-orientation.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The nature of Writing
Wikipedia states that writing is a medium of communication that represents language though the inscription of signs and symbols. According to Tarigan (1985:5) writing is productive skills for writing on indirect communication and the nature of the character is very different from that expressed by speaking directly, therefor writing is included an ability, according to Harmer (2001:79) writing is from of communication to deliver throught or to express feeling through written form. So, writing is an inderect communication to deliver through or to express feeling through writen form.
Writing is important skill in study English for all level. It has many purposes such as to improve the students vocabulary, to improve the students grammatical, etc. Writing is more difficult rather than the other language skills because it needs well knowledge and hard thinking when they are produce words, sentences and paragraphs with a good grammatical.
Jeremy (2001) says written text has a number of conventions which separate it out from speaking. Apart from differences in Grammar and Vocabulary, there are issues of letter, word, and text formation, manifested by handwriting, spelling, and layout and punctuation. It means writing more difficult than speaking. Because in wri
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Problem
English is an international language in the world. We can not deny the importance of English language in this modern world. This language helps us to express thinking and feelings, to talk, to exchange views, and to contract between person wherever we live. Furthermore, in the world that English is considered as the main language, English is now taking an importance part in the chance to take a job. Hence, we can predict that English language will continue to develop and bring us more advantages and the near future.
In Indonesia, English is learned since junior high school until University. In the school English is an important subject that must be teaching by the teacher. As long as we know the English subject is an compulsory subject. It’s include to final examination in the Junior High School and Senior High School.
In the English as subject school, English has four basic skills. The four basic skills are : writing, reading, listening and writing. The four basic skills have different purposes. The basic skills that use by the students and study in their school is writing. Writing is important skill that must be learned by the students’. Not only writing text in their school. They can use in daily life context such as: writing diary, writing lyric of song, writing name of place and writing our ideas. In the process of teaching and learning English, writing ability is the most difficult and complicated language skill to be learned almost by the students in every level of education.
There are some problem that the students found when they wrote the text. First, the students are lack of vocabulary. Vocabulary is very important thing that must be the students mastered to write a text. If they have and know many vocabulary in their memory, they never feel confused when they want to write something. Second, the students are lack of grammar. Grammar is important to the students to know to make the reader knows what the idea on the text. Actually, writing needs well knowledge and hard thinking when the students produce words, sentences, paragraph at the same time with good English grammatical. Some mistakes are made when the students do not understand well about the English grammar. Many of the students commonly make grammar mistakes in their learning activity especially in writing. But, sometimes the teacher did not aware about students' mistakes. Then the students made their mistakes repeatedly because they do not have the correction and it was what we have called as error.
Errors in foreign language teaching especially in English are the cases which are difficult enough to avoid. Many aspects that can cause the learners of English as a foreign language make errors and sometimes mother tongue interference also became one of the caused. Errors in language learning are natural. Therefore, when the teachers teach in the school, they will find many phenomena; they will find many students who have good writing in English and may be they will find many students who have low ability in writing English.
According to the curriculum of based competences in SMA PERTI Padang, Writing in the First Year students taught into five kinds of texts are: Recount, Narrative, Procedure, Descriptive, and News Item. Here the writer only used writing Recount text to be analyzed. Recount text is one of kind English text that the students learn in their school. Recount text is about someone's experience story. It’s also has some determinate to learn and write recount text. The teacher has to know about recount text before, such as the purposes of recount text, generic structure and language features to make the students written is a good text.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher is interested to analyze the students' errors in writing of recount text, especially in grammatical errors. The reason of writer choose that recount text because they had study in first year in senior high school PERTI Padang.
1.2 Identification of the Problem
Writing is one kind of English skill. The most of the students think that writing is difficult because they must be know and have knowledge such as: grammar, vocabulary and the purpose of what they write. In writing there are some reason such as to employ message, ideas, and express their feeling. In writing there are some component that must be know one of them are grammatical, content and vocabulary. So, write something the writer should know about what is the component of writing to make a good text. The components of writing are: content, organization, vocabulary, language use and mechanics.
Recount text is one kind of text that the students study in the first year of senior high school. Writing recount text has same sequence that should be know by the students. Especially in grammatical rules, the students should be understand what and when they will use a correct grammar.
The students main problem in writing recount text is about grammatical. They still confused to use the grammar. The students confused because their knowledge about grammar is very low. They cannot differenciate between the kind of grammar such as: past tense, future tense, and present tense. So, the researcher wanted to analyze the students. Grammatical error in write recount text.
1.3 Limitation of the Problem
In this research, the researcher limited the type of text to be analyzed. The researcher chose it because the students in first year had study about recount text, because of the grammatical is difficult of the students in first year senior high school and the students always have mistakes in grammar of recount text. The researcher wanted to analyse the students’ grammatical error in writing recount text.
According to James (1998) Error is the process of determinating the incidence, nature, causes, and consequences of unsuccessful language. It means to analyse an error of the students, it have to know the cause of the students. So, the researcher limit the problem of the students are: first, the students are lack of using kind of tense in write recount text, and the second, the students are lack of comprehence to write recount text with good sequence.
1.4 Research Questions
Based on the limitation of the problem above, the researcher conclude the problem in the form of questions are:
1. What is the main mistake of the students in writing a recount text?
2. How is the students’ skill in knowlegde about grammatical rule in recount text?
3. What kind of errors did the students make?
1.5 Purpose of The Research
The purpose of the research are:
1. To analyse the students’ grammatical error in writing recount text
2. To describe the students skill of grammar in context of recount text.
3. To describe kinds of errors that the students make in writing a recount text.
1.6 Significant of The Research
This research gives contribution to the students. First, The students know about their mistake in writing recount text, especially in grammatical rules. If they know about their mistake, they will not repeat again their mistake in the context of recount text. second, the students can improve their skill about writing recount text with good sequence.
This research also give contribution for the teacher, by having know the students’ mistake, the teacher can improve their teaching in writing recount text. English teacher can found the another method to teach writing until the students understand and do not make mistakes again in the next exam or test. Third, for the researcher, it can know about the students skill in grammatical errors of recount text.
1.7 Definition of The Key Term
The following definitions are used to avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation about the terms used in this thesis:
1. Error
Brown (2000), he defined error as the process to observe, analyze, and classify the deviations of the rules ofthe second language and then to reveal the systems operated by learne
2. Writing
According to Ghait (2002) Writing is a complex process that allows writer to explore thoughts and ideas, and make them visible and concrete.
3. Grammatical
According to James (2004) “Grammar is defined as a systematic way accounting for apredicting an ideal speaker’s or hearer’sknowledge of the language. This is done by a set of rules or principles that can be used to generate all well-formed or grammatical utterances in the language.
4. Recount text
According to Rohim (2005: 9-10) Recount is to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining. It consists of orientation, events, and re-orientation.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The nature of Writing
Wikipedia states that writing is a medium of communication that represents language though the inscription of signs and symbols. According to Tarigan (1985:5) writing is productive skills for writing on indirect communication and the nature of the character is very different from that expressed by speaking directly, therefor writing is included an ability, according to Harmer (2001:79) writing is from of communication to deliver throught or to express feeling through written form. So, writing is an inderect communication to deliver through or to express feeling through writen form.
Writing is important skill in study English for all level. It has many purposes such as to improve the students vocabulary, to improve the students grammatical, etc. Writing is more difficult rather than the other language skills because it needs well knowledge and hard thinking when they are produce words, sentences and paragraphs with a good grammatical.
Jeremy (2001) says written text has a number of conventions which separate it out from speaking. Apart from differences in Grammar and Vocabulary, there are issues of letter, word, and text formation, manifested by handwriting, spelling, and layout and punctuation. It means writing more difficult than speaking. Because in wri
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