Randomized and nonrandomized contro

Randomized and nonrandomized controlled trial studies on PBL use in Chinese undergraduate medical
education were retrieved through PubMed, the Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Chinese National
Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP-CSTJ) with
publication dates from 1st January 1966 till 31 August 2014. The pass rate, excellence rate and examination
scores of course examination were collected. Methodological quality was evaluated based on the modified
Jadad scale. The I-square statistic and Chi-square test of heterogeneity were used to assess the statistical
heterogeneity. Overall RRs or SMDs with their 95% CIs were calculated in meta-analysis. Meta-regression and
subgroup meta-analyses were also performed based on comparators and other confounding factors. Funnel
plots and Egger's tests were performed to assess degrees of publication bias.

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Randomized and nonrandomized controlled trial studies on PBL use in Chinese undergraduate medicaleducation were retrieved through PubMed, the Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Chinese NationalKnowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP-CSTJ) withpublication dates from 1st January 1966 till 31 August 2014. The pass rate, excellence rate and examinationscores of course examination were collected. Methodological quality was evaluated based on the modifiedJadad scale. The I-square statistic and Chi-square test of heterogeneity were used to assess the statisticalheterogeneity. Overall RRs or SMDs with their 95% CIs were calculated in meta-analysis. Meta-regression andsubgroup meta-analyses were also performed based on comparators and other confounding factors. Funnelplots and Egger's tests were performed to assess degrees of publication bias.

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Acak dan secara acak studi uji coba terkontrol pada PBL digunakan dalam pengobatan Cina sarjana
pendidikan yang diambil melalui PubMed, Database Excerpta Medica (EMBASE), Nasional Cina
Infrastruktur Pengetahuan (CNKI) dan VIP Cina Sains dan Teknologi Journal Database (VIP-CSTJ) dengan
tanggal publikasi dari 1 Januari 1966 hingga 31 Agustus 2014. tingkat lulus, tingkat dan pemeriksaan keunggulan
skor pemeriksaan saja dikumpulkan. Kualitas metodologi dievaluasi berdasarkan dimodifikasi
skala Jadad. Uji statistik I-persegi dan Chi-square heterogenitas yang digunakan untuk menilai statistik
heterogenitas. Secara keseluruhan RR atau SMDs dengan mereka 95% CI dihitung dalam meta-analisis. Meta-regresi dan
subkelompok meta-analisis juga dilakukan berdasarkan pembanding dan faktor-faktor lainnya. Corong
plot dan tes Egger ini dilakukan untuk menilai derajat bias publikasi.

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