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New wordsOne of principal selling points of dictionary publishers is that the new dictionary contains as much as possible of ‘the very latest material’. At the beginning of the seventies a term such as hot pants was inescapable in a dictionary of new words in English. These garments are now longer in fashion. In 1990 a dictionary of any size could hardly omit the world Aids but it is not inconceivable that the virus causing this diseas will have been eradicated by the year 2000.These examples show that it is much the moral usual case that a new word represents a new concept in need of a name. It is less common to introduce a new term for an existing concept: such deliberately constructed words arise primarily in order to avoid negative associations (bedlam becomes firts lunatic asylum then mental hospital) or out of concern for language purity or standardization (leberwurts become liver sausage, tidal wave becomes tsunami). The question of representativeness in these case is slightly more problematic than elsewhere. As the term suggests, fashionable words have high frequency but are very short – lived. In his endeavour to be up to date, the lexicographer has no time to wait and see whether a particular new word has come to stay or will be here today and gone tommorow. Furthermore, considering the way dictionaries are usually judged, he has everything to gain and nothing to lose by including a word, however ephemeral it may seem.The most honest method would be to resist the temptation to include in a letter edition. A compromise method would be where the lexicographer, trusting his intuition, tries to decide which words will survive, and include only those which can be expected to stand the test of time. If a dictionary is often revised, the problem is ofcourse easier and new words, meanings, and usages can be included more generously. However, in future editions it is important to ensure that one retains only words, meanings, etc. That are still ‘alive’ or, if ‘dead’, have left sufficient traces behind them.
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