Experiment InstructionsHM 165.ID Advanced HydrologySystemiDTP_1204/200 terjemahan - Experiment InstructionsHM 165.ID Advanced HydrologySystemiDTP_1204/200 Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Experiment InstructionsHM 165.ID Ad

Experiment Instructions
HM 165.ID Advanced Hydrology
System
i
DTP_12
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
Experiment Instructions
Please read and follow the safety regulations before the first installation!
Publication-no.: 917.000 ID A 165 02 (A) DTP_12
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
/ AB 204047
Table of Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 Unit Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Commissioning and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.1 Taps and valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.2 Preparing the equipment, commissioning the pump . . . . . . . 8
2.2.3 Check and align the rain nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.4 Set the rain system timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.5 Bleed the measurement hoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.6 Flow measurement, sediment measurement . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.7 Cleaning the measuring tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2.8 Obstructions to flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3 Data logging program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3.1 System diagramm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3.2 Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.1 Health hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2 Hazards for equipment and function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4 Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1 Rain and ground water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1.1 Take up, storage and release of rainwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1.2 Storage of ground water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.1.3 Water extraction using wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.1.4 Ground water level on an island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.2 Surface water flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
ii
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
5 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.1 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.2 Arrangement of measurement points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5.3 Measurement weir calibration curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.4 Installing the measurement data logging program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
6 Job Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.1 Experiment 1: Collecting, Storing and Dispensing Rainwater . . . . . 39
6.2 Experiment 2: Accumulation of Groundwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
6.3 Experiment 3: Drainage via Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.4 Experiment 4: Groundwater Level in the Case of an Island . . . . . . 42
iii
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
1 Introduction
The Advanced Hydrology SytemHM165.ID permits
fundamental experiments in the field of percolation
processes for rainfall and ground water
flows. In particular, effects that depend on the permeability
and storage capability of the ground can
be well observed.
The test stand also permits investigations into
river flows and surface water flows with sediment
transport and sedimentation including consideration
of obstacles to flows.
Variable densities and areas of rainfall can be
modelled, as can different flow and discharge
models for the ground water, in a wide variety of
experiments. Multiple measurement points and
measurement tubes allow the ground water level
to be precisely measured. The volumetric inflows
and outflows, together with the amount of
sediment can be measured.
The range of experiments covers the following areas:
• Influence of duration of rainfall at different
degrees of saturation of the ground
• Water percolation
• The ground as a storage medium for water
• Natural extraction by wells or drainage
• Flow behaviour of rivers, obstacles in the
riverbed, sediment transport in rivers
The equipment has a closed-circuit water system
with a large supply tank and a powerful pump.
It thus does not depend on the water mains for
operation.
1 Introduction 1
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
The test stand is equipped with electronicmeasuring
devices which amongst other things permit the water
discharge quantity and the sediment burden carried
with the water to be determined. The measured values
can be displayed and analysed on a PC.
The data logging program offers the following
facilities:
– Sensing and recording the flow quantities of
the water pumped into the bath
– Sensing and recording the quantities of the
water flowing out of the bath
– Sensing the quantity of sediment deposited
from the outlet water as a function of time
– Logging and saving data for further processing
and evaluation
The demonstration stand is intended exclusively
for tuition purposes and is ideally suited for demonstrations
to small groups.
2 1 Introduction
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
2 Description
2.1 Unit Layout
2 Description 3
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
Fig. 2.1 HM 165.ID Overall View
1 Test bath
2 Inlet tank
3 Inclination adjustment
(behind the control cabinet)
4 Control cabinet
5 Flow meter 1 for water inlet
6 Pump
7 Flow meter 2 for water inlet
8 Supply Tank
9 Measurement tank for outlet water
quantity and sediment quantity
10 Manifold system for outlet water
11 Discharge tank
12 Panel with measurement hoses for
indicating the ground water levels
13 Wells
14 Rain sprinkler nozzles
5 6 7 8
11
10
9
1
2
3
4
14
12
The central component of the unit is a test bath (1)
of stainless steel with a working area of 2 × 1m.
This allows creation of deposits of sand of up to
200mm depth in order to simulate the ground.
At the ends there are tanks: an inlet tank (2) and an
outlet tank (11). These are both separated from
the bath by fine mesh sieves. The outlet tanks
have the additional facility to be fitted with overflow
weirs to influence the water level in the bath. There
are inlet and outlet ports in the bottom of the bath at
each end.
There are a total of 8 rain sprinkler nozzles mounted
above the test area. Valves permit these nozzles
to be controlled in separate pairs. So as to
avoid loss of water due to overspray, a removable
spray guard of transparent plastic is fitted along
the sides of the bath.
Within the test field there are two special sieve
pipes to act as wells (13). They can be plugged
with stoppers if their use is not required.
So as to be able to measure the distribution of
ground water in the bath during the experiment, in
the base of the bath there are a total of 19 measurement
holes. These are connected to hoses so
that they can be used for displaying the ground water
level; the hoses are brought together on a panel
(12) on the front of the bath. To prevent the ingress
of sand into the measurement pipework, each
measurement hole is protected with a filter. (See
appendix for dimensional diagram of measurement
positions)
4 2 Description
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
The test bath, rain nozzle system and overspray
guards can be inclined from the horizontal by a
spindle, which is turned by a hand wheel (3). The
gradient of the bath can by this means be set between
-5%...+5% from the horizontal.
This adjustment facility is particularly useful for experiments
in the flow of surface water.
The test bath rests on a wheeled tubular steel
sub-frame. This contains the supply tank (8) and a
circulation pump (6) for the closed-circuit water
system. The water flow to the rain nozzle system
and the inlet tank is measured with two rotameter
flow meters (5 & 7). These have different measurement
ranges and can be used individually or in
parallel.
The water flowing from the outlet tank, the bottom
outlet ports or the wells flows through the manifold
system (10) to a measuring tank (9) and from
thence over a measurement weir to sense the outlet
water flow back to the supply tank. The measuring
tank is fitted in addition with load cells for measuring
the sediment quantity carried over.
2 Description 5
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
All electrical components are brought together in a
control cabinet.
– Master switch (17)
– Pump switch (16)
– Rain system switch (20)
– Rain system timer (19)
– Display for outlet water quantity (18)
– Display for weight of the measuring tank (15)
– Emergency stop button (21)
6 2 Description
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
18
19
20
21
15
16
17
2.2 Commissioning and Operation
2.2.1 Taps and valves
All taps and valves are manually operated.
EXCEPTION! The electrical control valve in the
feed pipe to the rain nozzles is actuated by the rain
system timer.
2 Description 7
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
Fig. 2.2 Tap and valve diagram
Outlet water Inlet water
Flow meter
Test bath
Measurement tank
Supply tank
2.2.2 Preparin
0/5000
Dari: -
Ke: -
Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1: [Salinan]
Disalin!
Percobaan petunjuk
HM 165. ID Advanced hidrologi
sistem
saya
DTP_12
04/2005
semua hak dilindungi undang-undang G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Jerman 03/2005
petunjuk percobaan
silahkan baca dan ikuti peraturan keselamatan sebelum instalasi pertama!
publikasi-no.: 917.000 ID 165 02 DTP_12 ()
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
/ AB 204047
Table of Contents
1 pendahuluan.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 Unit Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 komisioning dan operasi............................. 7
2.2.1 keran dan katup.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.2 mempersiapkan peralatan, komisioning pompa....... 8
2.2.3 Check dan menyelaraskan nozel hujan..................... 9
Pilot Home 2.17 mengatur waktu sistem hujan........................... 9
2.2.5 berdarah selang pengukuran...................... 10
2.2.6 pengukuran aliran, sedimen pengukuran..... 10
2.2.7 Cleaning pengukuran tangki...................... . 12
2.2.8 penghalang mengalir............................. . 12
2.3 Data logging program................................... 13
2.3.1 sistem diagramm............................. . . . 13
2.3.2 Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.1 Health hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2 bahaya untuk peralatan dan fungsi........................ 20
4 Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1 hujan dan air tanah.................................. 21
4.1.1 mengambil up, Penyimpanan dan pelepasan air hujan............. 21
4.1.2 penyimpanan air tanah........................... 24
4.1.3 air ekstraksi menggunakan sumur..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.1.4 paras air tanah di sebuah pulau..................... 28
4.2 permukaan air mengalir.................................... . 30
ii
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
04 2005
5 lampiran......................................... 33
5.1 data teknis...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.2 susunan pengukuran poin...................... . 34
5.3 pengukuran weir kurva kalibrasi........................ 35
5.4 menginstal program pengukuran data logging.............. 36
6 Job Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.1 percobaan 1: mengumpulkan, menyimpan dan dispenser air hujan..... 39
6.2 percobaan 2: akumulasi airtanah................. 40
6.3 percobaan 3: drainase melalui sumur.......................... 41
6.4 percobaan 4: tingkat air tanah dalam kasus sebuah pulau...... 42
iii
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
04/2005
semua hak dilindungi undang-undang G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Jerman 03/2005
1 Pendahuluan
The Advanced hidrologi SytemHM165.ID izin
mendasar percobaan dalam bidang perkolasi
proses curah hujan dan air tanah
mengalir. Efek tertentu, yang bergantung pada permeabilitas
dan kemampuan penyimpanan tanah dapat
juga diamati.
Tahan uji juga memungkinkan penyelidikan
sungai mengalir dan permukaan air mengalir dengan sedimen
transportasi dan sedimentasi termasuk pertimbangan
hambatan untuk mengalir.
variabel densitas dan daerah curah hujan dapat
dimodelkan, serta dapat berbeda aliran pembuangan
model untuk tanah air, di berbagai
percobaan. Beberapa poin pengukuran dan
pengukuran tabung memungkinkan tingkat air tanah
diukur dengan tepat. Aliran Volumetrik
dan arus keluar, dengan jumlah
sedimen dapat diukur.
berbagai percobaan mencakup bidang-bidang berikut:
• pengaruh durasi curah hujan di berbeda
derajat kejenuhan tanah
• air perkolasi
• tanah sebagai media penyimpanan untuk air
• Alam ekstraksi sumur atau drainase
• perilaku aliran sungai, hambatan dalam
diangkatnya, transportasi sedimen di Sungai
peralatan yang memiliki sistem air sirkuit tertutup
dengan tangki persediaan besar dan kuat pompa.
sehingga tidak tergantung pada listrik air untuk
operasi.
1 pendahuluan 1
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
04 2005
semua hak dilindungi undang-undang G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbHBarsbüttel, Jerman 03/2005
tahan uji dilengkapi dengan electronicmeasuring
perangkat yang antara lain memungkinkan air
debit kuantitas dan beban sedimen dilakukan
dengan air yang akan ditentukan. Nilai-nilai diukur
dapat ditampilkan dan dianalisis pada PC.
program data logging menawarkan berikut
Fasilitas:
-Sensing dan merekam aliran jumlah
air dipompa ke mandi
-Sensing dan merekam jumlah
air yang mengalir dari mandi
-Sensing kuantitas sedimen disimpan
dari air outlet sebagai fungsi dari waktu
-pembalakan liar dan menyimpan data untuk diproses lebih lanjut
dan evaluasi
berdiri demonstrasi ditujukan secara eksklusif
untuk kuliah tujuan dan cocok untuk demonstrasi
untuk kelompok-kelompok kecil.
2 1 Pendahuluan
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
04/2005
2 Deskripsi
2.1 Unit Layout
2 Deskripsi 3
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
04 2005
semua hak dilindungi undang-undang G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Jerman 03/2005
Fig. 2.1 HM 165. ID pandangan
1 tes mandi
2 Inlet tangki
3 kecenderungan penyesuaian
(di belakang lemari kontrol)
4 kontrol kabinet
5 Flow meter 1 untuk air inlet
pompa 6
7 Flow meter 2 untuk air inlet
8 pasokan tangki
9 pengukuran tangki air outlet
kuantitas dan kuantitas sedimen
10 Manifold sistem air outlet
11 Discharge tangki
12 Panel dengan pengukuran selang untuk
menunjukkan tingkat air tanah
13 Wells
14 hujan sprinkler nozel
5 6 7 8
11
10
9
1
2
3
4
14
12
akselerasi unit adalah tes mandi (1)
stainless steel dengan area kerja 2 × 1 m.
ini memungkinkan penciptaan deposito pasir hingga
kedalaman 200mm untuk mensimulasikan tanah.
pada ujung ada tangki: tangki inlet (2) dan
outlet tangki (11). Ini baik dipisahkan dari
mandi dengan saringan mesh halus. Tank outlet
memiliki fasilitas tambahan untuk dipasang dengan meluap
Bendung untuk mempengaruhi tingkat air di kamar mandi. Ada
adalah port inlet dan outlet di bawah mandi pada
akhir masing-masing.
ada total 8 hujan sprinkler nozel dipasang
di atas area uji. Katup izin nozel ini
dikontrol secara terpisah berpasangan. Sehingga untuk
menghindari kehilangan air karena overspray, dilepas
penjaga semprot plastik transparan dilengkapi sepanjang
sisi mandi.
dalam bidang tes ada dua saringan khusus
pipa untuk bertindak sebagai sumur (13). Mereka dapat dipasang
dengan sumbat jika tidak diperlukan penggunaannya.
sehingga dapat mengukur distribusi
tanah air di kamar mandi selama percobaan, di
dasar mandi sana adalah total 19 pengukuran
lubang. Ini terhubung ke selang jadi
bahwa mereka dapat digunakan untuk menampilkan tanah air
tingkat; selang dibawa bersama-sama pada sebuah panel
(12) di bagian depan mandi. Untuk mencegah masuknya
pasir ke dalam pengukuran pipework, masing-masing
pengukuran lubang dilindungi dengan filter. (Lihat
Lampiran dimensi diagram pengukuran
posisi)
4 2 Deskripsi
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
04 2005
tes mandi, sistem nozel hujan dan overspray
penjaga dapat cenderung dari horizontal oleh
gelendong, yang dimatikan oleh tangan roda (3).
Gradien mandi dapat dengan cara ini diatur antara
-5%... 5% dari horisontal.
Fasilitas penyesuaian ini berguna untuk percobaan
dalam aliran permukaan air.
mandi tes bersandar pada tabung baja beroda
sub-frame. Ini berisi tangki supply (8) dan
pompa sirkulasi (6) untuk sirkuit tertutup air
sistem. Aliran air ke sistem nozel hujan
dan tangki inlet diukur dengan dua rotameter
flow meter (5 & 7). Ini memiliki berbagai pengukuran
berkisar dan dapat digunakan secara individual atau
paralel.
air yang mengalir dari tangki outlet, bawah
Port outlet atau sumur mengalir melalui bermacam
sistem (10) ke tangki mengukur (9) dan dari
dari situ selama pengukuran weir merasakan outlet
aliran air kembali ke tangki pasokan. Pengukuran
tangki Selain dilengkapi dengan sel-sel beban untuk mengukur
jumlah sedimen yang dibawa atas.
2 Deskripsi 5
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
04 2005
semua hak dilindungi undang-undang G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Jerman 03/2005
semua komponen listrik dibawa bersama-sama
kontrol kabinet.
-Master switch (17)
-pompa switch (16)
-Hujan beralih sistem (20)
-hujan sistem timer (19)
-tampilan untuk kuantitas air outlet (18)
-tampilan untuk tank tersebut mengukur (15)
-tombol berhenti darurat (21)
6 2 Deskripsi
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
04/2005
18
19
20
21
15
16
17
2.2 Commissioning dan operasi
2.2.1 keran dan katup
semua keran dan katup dioperasikan secara manual.
pengecualian! Katup kontrol listrik di
Pipa feed ke nozel hujan digerakkan oleh hujan
sistem timer.
2 Deskripsi 7
HM 165. ID ADVANCED hidrologi SYSTEM
04/2005
semua hak dilindungi undang-undang G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Jerman 03/2005
diagram Fig. 2.2 tekan, dan katup
Outlet air Inlet Air
Flow meter
tes mandi
pengukuran tangki
pasokan tangki
2.2.2 Preparin
Sedang diterjemahkan, harap tunggu..
Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
Disalin!
Experiment Instructions
HM 165.ID Advanced Hydrology
System
i
DTP_12
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
Experiment Instructions
Please read and follow the safety regulations before the first installation!
Publication-no.: 917.000 ID A 165 02 (A) DTP_12
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
/ AB 204047
Table of Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 Unit Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Commissioning and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.1 Taps and valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.2 Preparing the equipment, commissioning the pump . . . . . . . 8
2.2.3 Check and align the rain nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.4 Set the rain system timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.5 Bleed the measurement hoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.6 Flow measurement, sediment measurement . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.7 Cleaning the measuring tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2.8 Obstructions to flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3 Data logging program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3.1 System diagramm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3.2 Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.1 Health hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2 Hazards for equipment and function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4 Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1 Rain and ground water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1.1 Take up, storage and release of rainwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1.2 Storage of ground water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.1.3 Water extraction using wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.1.4 Ground water level on an island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.2 Surface water flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
ii
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
5 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.1 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.2 Arrangement of measurement points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5.3 Measurement weir calibration curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.4 Installing the measurement data logging program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
6 Job Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.1 Experiment 1: Collecting, Storing and Dispensing Rainwater . . . . . 39
6.2 Experiment 2: Accumulation of Groundwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
6.3 Experiment 3: Drainage via Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.4 Experiment 4: Groundwater Level in the Case of an Island . . . . . . 42
iii
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
1 Introduction
The Advanced Hydrology SytemHM165.ID permits
fundamental experiments in the field of percolation
processes for rainfall and ground water
flows. In particular, effects that depend on the permeability
and storage capability of the ground can
be well observed.
The test stand also permits investigations into
river flows and surface water flows with sediment
transport and sedimentation including consideration
of obstacles to flows.
Variable densities and areas of rainfall can be
modelled, as can different flow and discharge
models for the ground water, in a wide variety of
experiments. Multiple measurement points and
measurement tubes allow the ground water level
to be precisely measured. The volumetric inflows
and outflows, together with the amount of
sediment can be measured.
The range of experiments covers the following areas:
• Influence of duration of rainfall at different
degrees of saturation of the ground
• Water percolation
• The ground as a storage medium for water
• Natural extraction by wells or drainage
• Flow behaviour of rivers, obstacles in the
riverbed, sediment transport in rivers
The equipment has a closed-circuit water system
with a large supply tank and a powerful pump.
It thus does not depend on the water mains for
operation.
1 Introduction 1
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
The test stand is equipped with electronicmeasuring
devices which amongst other things permit the water
discharge quantity and the sediment burden carried
with the water to be determined. The measured values
can be displayed and analysed on a PC.
The data logging program offers the following
facilities:
– Sensing and recording the flow quantities of
the water pumped into the bath
– Sensing and recording the quantities of the
water flowing out of the bath
– Sensing the quantity of sediment deposited
from the outlet water as a function of time
– Logging and saving data for further processing
and evaluation
The demonstration stand is intended exclusively
for tuition purposes and is ideally suited for demonstrations
to small groups.
2 1 Introduction
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
2 Description
2.1 Unit Layout
2 Description 3
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
Fig. 2.1 HM 165.ID Overall View
1 Test bath
2 Inlet tank
3 Inclination adjustment
(behind the control cabinet)
4 Control cabinet
5 Flow meter 1 for water inlet
6 Pump
7 Flow meter 2 for water inlet
8 Supply Tank
9 Measurement tank for outlet water
quantity and sediment quantity
10 Manifold system for outlet water
11 Discharge tank
12 Panel with measurement hoses for
indicating the ground water levels
13 Wells
14 Rain sprinkler nozzles
5 6 7 8
11
10
9
1
2
3
4
14
12
The central component of the unit is a test bath (1)
of stainless steel with a working area of 2 × 1m.
This allows creation of deposits of sand of up to
200mm depth in order to simulate the ground.
At the ends there are tanks: an inlet tank (2) and an
outlet tank (11). These are both separated from
the bath by fine mesh sieves. The outlet tanks
have the additional facility to be fitted with overflow
weirs to influence the water level in the bath. There
are inlet and outlet ports in the bottom of the bath at
each end.
There are a total of 8 rain sprinkler nozzles mounted
above the test area. Valves permit these nozzles
to be controlled in separate pairs. So as to
avoid loss of water due to overspray, a removable
spray guard of transparent plastic is fitted along
the sides of the bath.
Within the test field there are two special sieve
pipes to act as wells (13). They can be plugged
with stoppers if their use is not required.
So as to be able to measure the distribution of
ground water in the bath during the experiment, in
the base of the bath there are a total of 19 measurement
holes. These are connected to hoses so
that they can be used for displaying the ground water
level; the hoses are brought together on a panel
(12) on the front of the bath. To prevent the ingress
of sand into the measurement pipework, each
measurement hole is protected with a filter. (See
appendix for dimensional diagram of measurement
positions)
4 2 Description
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
The test bath, rain nozzle system and overspray
guards can be inclined from the horizontal by a
spindle, which is turned by a hand wheel (3). The
gradient of the bath can by this means be set between
-5%...+5% from the horizontal.
This adjustment facility is particularly useful for experiments
in the flow of surface water.
The test bath rests on a wheeled tubular steel
sub-frame. This contains the supply tank (8) and a
circulation pump (6) for the closed-circuit water
system. The water flow to the rain nozzle system
and the inlet tank is measured with two rotameter
flow meters (5 & 7). These have different measurement
ranges and can be used individually or in
parallel.
The water flowing from the outlet tank, the bottom
outlet ports or the wells flows through the manifold
system (10) to a measuring tank (9) and from
thence over a measurement weir to sense the outlet
water flow back to the supply tank. The measuring
tank is fitted in addition with load cells for measuring
the sediment quantity carried over.
2 Description 5
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
All electrical components are brought together in a
control cabinet.
– Master switch (17)
– Pump switch (16)
– Rain system switch (20)
– Rain system timer (19)
– Display for outlet water quantity (18)
– Display for weight of the measuring tank (15)
– Emergency stop button (21)
6 2 Description
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
18
19
20
21
15
16
17
2.2 Commissioning and Operation
2.2.1 Taps and valves
All taps and valves are manually operated.
EXCEPTION! The electrical control valve in the
feed pipe to the rain nozzles is actuated by the rain
system timer.
2 Description 7
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
Fig. 2.2 Tap and valve diagram
Outlet water Inlet water
Flow meter
Test bath
Measurement tank
Supply tank
2.2.2 Preparin
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