Experiment Instructions
HM 165.ID Advanced Hydrology
System
i
DTP_12
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
Experiment Instructions
Please read and follow the safety regulations before the first installation!
Publication-no.: 917.000 ID A 165 02 (A) DTP_12
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
/ AB 204047
Table of Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 Unit Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Commissioning and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.1 Taps and valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.2 Preparing the equipment, commissioning the pump . . . . . . . 8
2.2.3 Check and align the rain nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.4 Set the rain system timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2.5 Bleed the measurement hoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.6 Flow measurement, sediment measurement . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.7 Cleaning the measuring tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2.8 Obstructions to flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3 Data logging program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3.1 System diagramm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3.2 Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.1 Health hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2 Hazards for equipment and function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4 Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1 Rain and ground water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1.1 Take up, storage and release of rainwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.1.2 Storage of ground water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.1.3 Water extraction using wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.1.4 Ground water level on an island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.2 Surface water flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
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HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
5 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.1 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.2 Arrangement of measurement points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5.3 Measurement weir calibration curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.4 Installing the measurement data logging program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
6 Job Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.1 Experiment 1: Collecting, Storing and Dispensing Rainwater . . . . . 39
6.2 Experiment 2: Accumulation of Groundwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
6.3 Experiment 3: Drainage via Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.4 Experiment 4: Groundwater Level in the Case of an Island . . . . . . 42
iii
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
1 Introduction
The Advanced Hydrology SytemHM165.ID permits
fundamental experiments in the field of percolation
processes for rainfall and ground water
flows. In particular, effects that depend on the permeability
and storage capability of the ground can
be well observed.
The test stand also permits investigations into
river flows and surface water flows with sediment
transport and sedimentation including consideration
of obstacles to flows.
Variable densities and areas of rainfall can be
modelled, as can different flow and discharge
models for the ground water, in a wide variety of
experiments. Multiple measurement points and
measurement tubes allow the ground water level
to be precisely measured. The volumetric inflows
and outflows, together with the amount of
sediment can be measured.
The range of experiments covers the following areas:
• Influence of duration of rainfall at different
degrees of saturation of the ground
• Water percolation
• The ground as a storage medium for water
• Natural extraction by wells or drainage
• Flow behaviour of rivers, obstacles in the
riverbed, sediment transport in rivers
The equipment has a closed-circuit water system
with a large supply tank and a powerful pump.
It thus does not depend on the water mains for
operation.
1 Introduction 1
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
The test stand is equipped with electronicmeasuring
devices which amongst other things permit the water
discharge quantity and the sediment burden carried
with the water to be determined. The measured values
can be displayed and analysed on a PC.
The data logging program offers the following
facilities:
– Sensing and recording the flow quantities of
the water pumped into the bath
– Sensing and recording the quantities of the
water flowing out of the bath
– Sensing the quantity of sediment deposited
from the outlet water as a function of time
– Logging and saving data for further processing
and evaluation
The demonstration stand is intended exclusively
for tuition purposes and is ideally suited for demonstrations
to small groups.
2 1 Introduction
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
2 Description
2.1 Unit Layout
2 Description 3
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
Fig. 2.1 HM 165.ID Overall View
1 Test bath
2 Inlet tank
3 Inclination adjustment
(behind the control cabinet)
4 Control cabinet
5 Flow meter 1 for water inlet
6 Pump
7 Flow meter 2 for water inlet
8 Supply Tank
9 Measurement tank for outlet water
quantity and sediment quantity
10 Manifold system for outlet water
11 Discharge tank
12 Panel with measurement hoses for
indicating the ground water levels
13 Wells
14 Rain sprinkler nozzles
5 6 7 8
11
10
9
1
2
3
4
14
12
The central component of the unit is a test bath (1)
of stainless steel with a working area of 2 × 1m.
This allows creation of deposits of sand of up to
200mm depth in order to simulate the ground.
At the ends there are tanks: an inlet tank (2) and an
outlet tank (11). These are both separated from
the bath by fine mesh sieves. The outlet tanks
have the additional facility to be fitted with overflow
weirs to influence the water level in the bath. There
are inlet and outlet ports in the bottom of the bath at
each end.
There are a total of 8 rain sprinkler nozzles mounted
above the test area. Valves permit these nozzles
to be controlled in separate pairs. So as to
avoid loss of water due to overspray, a removable
spray guard of transparent plastic is fitted along
the sides of the bath.
Within the test field there are two special sieve
pipes to act as wells (13). They can be plugged
with stoppers if their use is not required.
So as to be able to measure the distribution of
ground water in the bath during the experiment, in
the base of the bath there are a total of 19 measurement
holes. These are connected to hoses so
that they can be used for displaying the ground water
level; the hoses are brought together on a panel
(12) on the front of the bath. To prevent the ingress
of sand into the measurement pipework, each
measurement hole is protected with a filter. (See
appendix for dimensional diagram of measurement
positions)
4 2 Description
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
The test bath, rain nozzle system and overspray
guards can be inclined from the horizontal by a
spindle, which is turned by a hand wheel (3). The
gradient of the bath can by this means be set between
-5%...+5% from the horizontal.
This adjustment facility is particularly useful for experiments
in the flow of surface water.
The test bath rests on a wheeled tubular steel
sub-frame. This contains the supply tank (8) and a
circulation pump (6) for the closed-circuit water
system. The water flow to the rain nozzle system
and the inlet tank is measured with two rotameter
flow meters (5 & 7). These have different measurement
ranges and can be used individually or in
parallel.
The water flowing from the outlet tank, the bottom
outlet ports or the wells flows through the manifold
system (10) to a measuring tank (9) and from
thence over a measurement weir to sense the outlet
water flow back to the supply tank. The measuring
tank is fitted in addition with load cells for measuring
the sediment quantity carried over.
2 Description 5
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
All electrical components are brought together in a
control cabinet.
– Master switch (17)
– Pump switch (16)
– Rain system switch (20)
– Rain system timer (19)
– Display for outlet water quantity (18)
– Display for weight of the measuring tank (15)
– Emergency stop button (21)
6 2 Description
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
18
19
20
21
15
16
17
2.2 Commissioning and Operation
2.2.1 Taps and valves
All taps and valves are manually operated.
EXCEPTION! The electrical control valve in the
feed pipe to the rain nozzles is actuated by the rain
system timer.
2 Description 7
HM 165.ID ADVANCED HYDROLOGY SYSTEM
04/2005
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 03/2005
Fig. 2.2 Tap and valve diagram
Outlet water Inlet water
Flow meter
Test bath
Measurement tank
Supply tank
2.2.2 Preparin
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