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The Evaluation of ProspectsThe major theory of decision-makingunder risk is the expected utility model.This model is based on a set of axioms,for example, transitivity of preferences,which provide criteria for the rationalityof choices. The choices of an individualwho conforms to the axioms can be describedin terms of the utilities of variousoutcomes for that individual. The utilityof a risky prospect is equal to the expectedutility of its outcomes, obtainedby weighting the utility of each possibleoutcome by its probability. When facedwith a choice, a rational decision-makerwill prefer the prospect that offers thehighest expected utility
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