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Density AltitudeDensity altitude is pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperatures, and is used for determining aerodynamic performance in the nonstandard atmosphere. Density altitude increases as the density decreases. Since density varies directly with pressure, and inversely with temperature, a wide range of temperatures may exist with a given pressure altitude, which allows the density to vary. However, a known density occurs for any one temperature and pressure altitude combination. The density of the air has a significant effect on aircraft and engine performance. Regardless of theFigure 2-7. Relationship of Lift to Angle of Attack. actual altitude above sea level an aircraft is operating at, its performance will be as though it were operating at an altitude equal to the existing density altitude. If a chart is not available the density altitude can be estimated by adding 120 feet for every degree Celsius above the ISA. For example, at 3,000 feet pressure altitude (PA), the ISA prediction is 9° C (15° C - [lapse rate of 2° C per 1,000 feet x 3 = 6° C]).However, if the actual temperature is 20° C (11° C more than that predicted by ISA) then the difference of 11° C is multiplied by 120 feet equaling 1,320. Adding this figure to the original3,000 feet provides a density altitude of 4,320 feet (3,000 feet + 1,320 feet).Density AltitudeDensity altitude is pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperatures, and is used for determining aerodynamic performance in the nonstandard atmosphere. Density altitude increases as the density decreases. Since density varies directly with pressure, and inversely with temperature, a wide range of temperatures may exist with a given pressure altitude, which allows the density to vary. However, a known density occurs for any one temperature and pressure altitude combination. The density of the air has a significant effect on aircraft and engine performance. Regardless of theFigure 2-7. Relationship of Lift to Angle of Attack. actual altitude above sea level an aircraft is operating at, its performance will be as though it were operating at an altitude equal to the existing density altitude. If a chart is not available the density altitude can be estimated by adding 120 feet for every degree Celsius above the ISA. For example, at 3,000 feet pressure altitude (PA), the ISA prediction is 9° C (15° C - [lapse rate of 2° C per 1,000 feet x 3 = 6° C]).However, if the actual temperature is 20° C (11° C more than that predicted by ISA) then the difference of 11° C is multiplied by 120 feet equaling 1,320. Adding this figure to the original3,000 feet provides a density altitude of 4,320 feet (3,000 feet + 1,320 feet).
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