DefinitionAcne is a common skin disease characterized by pimples on th terjemahan - DefinitionAcne is a common skin disease characterized by pimples on th Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

DefinitionAcne is a common skin dis

Definition
Acne is a common skin disease characterized by pimples on the face, chest, and back. It occurs when the pores of the skin become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria.
Description
Acne vulgaris, the medical term for common acne, is the most common skin disease. It affects nearly 17 million people in the United States. While acne can arise at any age, it usually begins at puberty and worsens during adolescence. Nearly 85% of people develop acne at some time between the ages of 12-25 years. Up to 20% of women develop mild acne. It is also found in some newborns.
The sebaceous glands lie just beneath the skin's surface. They produce an oil called sebum, the skin's natural moisturizer. These glands and the hair follicles within which they are found are called sebaceous follicles. These follicles open onto the skin through pores. At puberty, increased levels of androgens (male hormones) cause the glands to produce too much sebum. When excess sebum combines with dead, sticky skin cells, a hard plug, or comedo, forms that blocks the pore. Mild noninflammatory acne consists of the two types of comedones, whiteheads and blackheads.
Moderate and severe inflammatory types of acne result after the plugged follicle is invaded by Propionibacterium acnes, a bacteria that normally lives on the skin. A pimple forms when the damaged follicle weakens and bursts open, releasing sebum, bacteria, and skin and white blood cells into the surrounding tissues. Inflamed pimples near the skin's surface are called papules; when deeper, they are called pustules. The most severe type of acne consists of cysts (closed sacs) and nodules (hard swellings). Scarring occurs when new skin cells are laid down to replace damaged cells.
The most common sites of acne are the face, chest, shoulders, and back since these are the parts of the body where the most sebaceous follicles are found.
Causes and symptoms
The exact cause of acne is unknown. Several risk factors have been identified:
Age. Due to the hormonal changes they experience, teenagers are more likely to develop acne.
Gender. Boys have more severe acne and develop it more often than girls.
Disease. Hormonal disorders can complicate acne in girls.
Heredity. Individuals with a family history of acne have greater susceptibility to the disease.
Hormonal changes. Acne can flare up before menstruation, during pregnancy, and menopause.
Diet. No foods cause acne, but certain foods may cause flare-ups.
Drugs. Acne can be a side effect of drugs including tranquilizers, antidepressants, antibiotics, oral contraceptives, and anabolic steroids.
Personal hygiene. Abrasive soaps, hard scrubbing, or picking at pimples will make them worse.
Cosmetics. Oil-based makeup and hair sprays worsen acne.
Environment. Exposure to oils and greases, polluted air, and sweating in hot weather aggravate acne.
Stress. Emotional stress may contribute to acne.
Acne is usually not conspicuous, although inflamed lesions may cause pain, tenderness, itching, or swelling. The most troubling aspects of these lesions are the negative cosmetic effects and potential for scarring. Some people, especially teenagers, become emotionally upset about their condition, and have problems forming relationships or keeping jobs.
Diagnosis
Acne patients are often treated by family doctors. Complicated cases are referred to a dermatologist, a skin disease specialist, or an endocrinologist, a specialist who treats diseases of the body's endocrine (hormones and glands) system.
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DefinisiJerawat adalah penyakit kulit umum yang ditandai dengan jerawat di wajah, dada dan punggung. Hal ini terjadi ketika pori-pori kulit menjadi tersumbat dengan minyak, sel-sel kulit mati, dan bakteri.DeskripsiJerawat vulgaris, istilah medis untuk jerawat umum, adalah penyakit kulit yang paling umum. Ini mempengaruhi hampir 17 juta orang di Amerika Serikat. Sementara jerawat dapat timbul pada usia berapa pun, biasanya dimulai pada masa pubertas dan memburuk selama masa remaja. Hampir 85% orang mengembangkan jerawat pada beberapa waktu antara usia 12-25 tahun. Hingga 20% dari wanita mengembangkan jerawat ringan. Hal ini juga ditemukan dalam beberapa bayi.Kelenjar sebaceous berbaring tepat di bawah permukaan kulit. Mereka menghasilkan minyak yang disebut sebum, pelembab alami kulit. Kelenjar ini dan folikel rambut di mana mereka ditemukan disebut folikel sebaceous. Folikel ini terbuka ke kulit melalui pori-pori. Pada masa pubertas, peningkatan tingkat androgen (hormon laki-laki) menyebabkan kelenjar untuk menghasilkan sebum terlalu banyak. Ketika sebum berlebih menggabungkan dengan sel-sel kulit mati, lengket, steker keras, atau comedo, bentuk yang menghalangi pori-pori. Jerawat ringan noninflammatory terdiri dari dua jenis komedo, whiteheads dan komedo.Moderat dan berat jenis peradangan jerawat hasil setelah folikel terpasang diserang oleh Propionibacterium acnes, bakteri yang biasanya tinggal pada kulit. Jerawat bentuk ketika rusak folikel melemah dan meledak terbuka, melepaskan sebum, bakteri, dan kulit dan sel darah putih ke jaringan sekitarnya. Jerawat yang meradang dekat permukaan kulit disebut papula; Ketika lebih dalam, mereka disebut pustula. Jenis yang paling parah jerawat terdiri dari kista (ditutup kantung) dan nodul (keras pembengkakan). Jaringan parut terjadi ketika sel-sel kulit baru yang ditetapkan untuk menggantikan sel yang rusak.Situs yang paling umum jerawat di wajah, dada, bahu, dan kembali karena ini adalah bagian dari tubuh dimana folikel sebaceous paling ditemukan.Penyebab dan gejalaYang tepat penyebab jerawat tidak diketahui. Beberapa faktor risiko telah diidentifikasi:Usia. Karena perubahan hormon mereka mengalami, remaja lebih mungkin untuk mengembangkan jerawat.Jenis kelamin. Anak laki-laki memiliki lebih parah jerawat dan mengembangkan lebih sering daripada anak perempuan.Penyakit. Kelainan hormon dapat menyulitkan jerawat pada anak perempuan.Keturunan. Individu dengan riwayat keluarga jerawat memiliki lebih besar kerentanan terhadap penyakit.Perubahan hormon. Jerawat dapat menyala sebelum haid, selama kehamilan, dan menopause.Diet. Makanan tidak menyebabkan jerawat, tapi makanan tertentu dapat menyebabkan pembengkakan.Obat-obatan. Jerawat dapat efek samping dari obat-obatan yang termasuk obat penenang, antidepresan, antibiotik, kontrasepsi oral dan anabolic steroid.Kebersihan pribadi. Sabun kasar, keras menggosok atau memilih di jerawat akan membuat mereka lebih buruk.Kosmetik. Makeup berbasis minyak dan semprotan rambut memperburuk jerawat.Lingkungan. Paparan minyak dan gemuk, polusi udara dan berkeringat dalam kondisi cuaca panas memperburuk jerawat.Stres. Stres emosional dapat berkontribusi untuk jerawat.Jerawat biasanya tidak mencolok, walaupun lesi meradang dapat menyebabkan sakit, kelembutan, gatal atau pembengkakan. Aspek yang paling mengganggu dari lesi ini adalah efek negatif kosmetik dan potensi untuk jaringan parut. Beberapa orang, terutama remaja, menjadi emosional marah tentang kondisi mereka, dan memiliki masalah membentuk hubungan atau menjaga pekerjaan.DiagnosisPasien jerawat sering diperlakukan oleh dokter keluarga. Kasus-kasus rumit yang disebut dokter kulit, seorang spesialis penyakit kulit, atau seorang endokrinologi, seorang spesialis yang merawat penyakit sistem tubuh endokrin (hormon dan kelenjar).
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
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Definition
Acne is a common skin disease characterized by pimples on the face, chest, and back. It occurs when the pores of the skin become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria.
Description
Acne vulgaris, the medical term for common acne, is the most common skin disease. It affects nearly 17 million people in the United States. While acne can arise at any age, it usually begins at puberty and worsens during adolescence. Nearly 85% of people develop acne at some time between the ages of 12-25 years. Up to 20% of women develop mild acne. It is also found in some newborns.
The sebaceous glands lie just beneath the skin's surface. They produce an oil called sebum, the skin's natural moisturizer. These glands and the hair follicles within which they are found are called sebaceous follicles. These follicles open onto the skin through pores. At puberty, increased levels of androgens (male hormones) cause the glands to produce too much sebum. When excess sebum combines with dead, sticky skin cells, a hard plug, or comedo, forms that blocks the pore. Mild noninflammatory acne consists of the two types of comedones, whiteheads and blackheads.
Moderate and severe inflammatory types of acne result after the plugged follicle is invaded by Propionibacterium acnes, a bacteria that normally lives on the skin. A pimple forms when the damaged follicle weakens and bursts open, releasing sebum, bacteria, and skin and white blood cells into the surrounding tissues. Inflamed pimples near the skin's surface are called papules; when deeper, they are called pustules. The most severe type of acne consists of cysts (closed sacs) and nodules (hard swellings). Scarring occurs when new skin cells are laid down to replace damaged cells.
The most common sites of acne are the face, chest, shoulders, and back since these are the parts of the body where the most sebaceous follicles are found.
Causes and symptoms
The exact cause of acne is unknown. Several risk factors have been identified:
Age. Due to the hormonal changes they experience, teenagers are more likely to develop acne.
Gender. Boys have more severe acne and develop it more often than girls.
Disease. Hormonal disorders can complicate acne in girls.
Heredity. Individuals with a family history of acne have greater susceptibility to the disease.
Hormonal changes. Acne can flare up before menstruation, during pregnancy, and menopause.
Diet. No foods cause acne, but certain foods may cause flare-ups.
Drugs. Acne can be a side effect of drugs including tranquilizers, antidepressants, antibiotics, oral contraceptives, and anabolic steroids.
Personal hygiene. Abrasive soaps, hard scrubbing, or picking at pimples will make them worse.
Cosmetics. Oil-based makeup and hair sprays worsen acne.
Environment. Exposure to oils and greases, polluted air, and sweating in hot weather aggravate acne.
Stress. Emotional stress may contribute to acne.
Acne is usually not conspicuous, although inflamed lesions may cause pain, tenderness, itching, or swelling. The most troubling aspects of these lesions are the negative cosmetic effects and potential for scarring. Some people, especially teenagers, become emotionally upset about their condition, and have problems forming relationships or keeping jobs.
Diagnosis
Acne patients are often treated by family doctors. Complicated cases are referred to a dermatologist, a skin disease specialist, or an endocrinologist, a specialist who treats diseases of the body's endocrine (hormones and glands) system.
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