A prospective study of dietary selenium intake and risk of type 2 diab terjemahan - A prospective study of dietary selenium intake and risk of type 2 diab Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

A prospective study of dietary sele

A prospective study of dietary selenium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes
Abstract
Background:Growing evidence raises concern about possible associations of high selenium exposure with diabetes in selenium-replete populations such as the US. In countries with lower selenium status, such as Italy, there is little epidemiological evidence on the association between selenium and diabetes. This study examined the prospective association between dietary selenium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes.
Methods:The ORDET cohort study comprised a large sample of women from Northern Italy (n = 7,182). Incident type 2 diabetes was defined as a self-report of a physician diagnosis, use of antidiabetic medication, or a hospitalization discharge. Dietary selenium intake was measured by a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire at the baseline examination (1987-1992). Participants were divided in quintiles based on their baseline dietary selenium intake.
Results: Average selenium intake at baseline was 55.7μg/day. After a median follow-up of 16 years, 253 women developed diabetes. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the odds ratio for diabetes comparing the highest to the lowest quintile of selenium intake was 2.39, (95% CI: 1.32, 4.32; Pfor linear trend = 0.005). The odds ratio for diabetes associated with a 10μg/d increase in selenium intake was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.52).
Conclusions: In this population, increased dietary selenium intake was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. These findings raise additional concerns about the association of selenium intake above the Recommended Dietary Allowance (55μg/day) with diabetes risk
Background
Selenium is a key component of a number of selenoproteins involved in essential enzymatic functions, such as redox homeostasis, thyroid hormone metabolism, immunity and reproduction [1]. Because of antioxidant properties of selenoproteins, and because selenate mimics insulin activity in experimental models [2,3], selenium was expected to prevent type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [4]. However, recent findings from observational studies and randomised clinical trials have raised concerns with respectto possible adverse cardiometabolic effects of high selenium exposure, at least in well-nourished populations. Specifically, several unrelated studies from the US indicate that high selenium status or selenium supplementation is associated with an increased diabetes risk [5-8]. Furthermore, recent evidence from several populations indicates that high selenium exposure may also be associated with an adverse lipid profile [9-12] and hypertension [13], raising additional concerns about metabolic toxicity of high selenium exposure and prolonged use of selenium supplements [14]. Dietary intake of selenium varies considerably between countries and regions largely due to the variability of the selenium content of soil and hence of plant foods and animal forage [15]. Current recommendations on selenium intake are based on optimizing the activity of plasma glutathione peroxidases, which are maximized at intakes as high as 55 μg/day[16].IntheUS,selenium intake ranges from 60-220 μg/day [8,12,13,15] and it is unclear if there are health benefits of increased selenium intake above the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), or if metabolic toxicity might occur at these levels. Selenium intakes in Europe are lower than in the US, but with large between-country variability ranging from adequate or marginally adequate (Western and Central Europe: 30-90μg/day) to low or deficient intake (Eastern European countries: 7-30 μg/day) [15]. There is little epidemiological evidence on the association of selenium with diabetes among European populations [17,18]. The objective of the present study was thus to examine the association of dietary selenium intake with risk of incident type 2 diabetes in the ORDET cohort study, a large sample of women from Northern Italy [19].
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A prospective study of dietary selenium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes
Abstract
Background:Growing evidence raises concern about possible associations of high selenium exposure with diabetes in selenium-replete populations such as the US. In countries with lower selenium status, such as Italy, there is little epidemiological evidence on the association between selenium and diabetes. This study examined the prospective association between dietary selenium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes.
Methods:The ORDET cohort study comprised a large sample of women from Northern Italy (n = 7,182). Incident type 2 diabetes was defined as a self-report of a physician diagnosis, use of antidiabetic medication, or a hospitalization discharge. Dietary selenium intake was measured by a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire at the baseline examination (1987-1992). Participants were divided in quintiles based on their baseline dietary selenium intake.
Results: Average selenium intake at baseline was 55.7μg/day. After a median follow-up of 16 years, 253 women developed diabetes. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the odds ratio for diabetes comparing the highest to the lowest quintile of selenium intake was 2.39, (95% CI: 1.32, 4.32; Pfor linear trend = 0.005). The odds ratio for diabetes associated with a 10μg/d increase in selenium intake was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.52).
Conclusions: In this population, increased dietary selenium intake was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. These findings raise additional concerns about the association of selenium intake above the Recommended Dietary Allowance (55μg/day) with diabetes risk
Background
Selenium is a key component of a number of selenoproteins involved in essential enzymatic functions, such as redox homeostasis, thyroid hormone metabolism, immunity and reproduction [1]. Because of antioxidant properties of selenoproteins, and because selenate mimics insulin activity in experimental models [2,3], selenium was expected to prevent type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [4]. However, recent findings from observational studies and randomised clinical trials have raised concerns with respectto possible adverse cardiometabolic effects of high selenium exposure, at least in well-nourished populations. Specifically, several unrelated studies from the US indicate that high selenium status or selenium supplementation is associated with an increased diabetes risk [5-8]. Furthermore, recent evidence from several populations indicates that high selenium exposure may also be associated with an adverse lipid profile [9-12] and hypertension [13], raising additional concerns about metabolic toxicity of high selenium exposure and prolonged use of selenium supplements [14]. Dietary intake of selenium varies considerably between countries and regions largely due to the variability of the selenium content of soil and hence of plant foods and animal forage [15]. Current recommendations on selenium intake are based on optimizing the activity of plasma glutathione peroxidases, which are maximized at intakes as high as 55 μg/day[16].IntheUS,selenium intake ranges from 60-220 μg/day [8,12,13,15] and it is unclear if there are health benefits of increased selenium intake above the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), or if metabolic toxicity might occur at these levels. Selenium intakes in Europe are lower than in the US, but with large between-country variability ranging from adequate or marginally adequate (Western and Central Europe: 30-90μg/day) to low or deficient intake (Eastern European countries: 7-30 μg/day) [15]. There is little epidemiological evidence on the association of selenium with diabetes among European populations [17,18]. The objective of the present study was thus to examine the association of dietary selenium intake with risk of incident type 2 diabetes in the ORDET cohort study, a large sample of women from Northern Italy [19].
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Sebuah studi prospektif asupan selenium makanan dan risiko diabetes tipe 2
Abstrak
Latar Belakang: bukti Tumbuh menimbulkan kekhawatiran tentang kemungkinan asosiasi paparan selenium tinggi dengan diabetes pada populasi selenium-penuh seperti Amerika Serikat. Di negara-negara yang memiliki status selenium rendah, seperti Italia, ada bukti epidemiologi sedikit tentang hubungan antara selenium dan diabetes. Penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara asupan selenium calon diet dan risiko diabetes tipe 2.
Metode: Studi Ordet kohort terdiri sampel besar wanita dari Italia Utara (n = 7182). Diabetes tipe 2 Insiden didefinisikan sebagai laporan diri dari diagnosis dokter, penggunaan obat antidiabetes, atau debit rumah sakit. Asupan makanan selenium diukur dengan kuesioner frekuensi makanan semi kuantitatif pada pemeriksaan awal (1987-1992). Peserta dibagi dalam kuintil berdasarkan asupan selenium makanan dasar mereka.
Hasil: asupan selenium rata pada awal adalah 55.7μg / hari. Setelah tindak lanjut median dari 16 tahun, 253 perempuan terserang diabetes. Dalam regresi logistik multivariat, rasio odds untuk diabetes membandingkan tertinggi untuk kuintil terendah asupan selenium adalah 2.39, (95% CI: 1.32, 4.32, Pfor linear trend = 0,005). Rasio odds untuk diabetes dikaitkan dengan 10μg / d peningkatan asupan selenium adalah 1,29 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.52).
Kesimpulan: Dalam populasi ini, meningkatkan asupan selenium makanan dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko diabetes tipe 2. Temuan ini meningkatkan kekhawatiran mengenai hubungan asupan selenium atas Recommended Dietary Allowance yang (55μg / hari) dengan risiko diabetes
Latar Belakang
Selenium adalah komponen kunci dari sejumlah selenoproteins terlibat dalam fungsi enzimatik penting, seperti homeostasis redoks, metabolisme hormon tiroid, imunitas dan reproduksi [1]. Karena sifat antioksidan selenoproteins, dan karena aktivitas insulin meniru selenate dalam model eksperimental [2,3], selenium diharapkan untuk mencegah diabetes tipe 2 dan penyakit kardiovaskular (CVD) [4]. Namun, temuan terbaru dari studi observasional dan uji klinis acak telah menyuarakan keprihatinan dengan respectto kemungkinan efek kardiometabolik buruk paparan selenium yang tinggi, setidaknya pada populasi gizi baik. Secara khusus, beberapa studi terkait dari AS menunjukkan status selenium tinggi atau suplemen selenium dikaitkan dengan risiko diabetes meningkat [5-8]. Selain itu, bukti terbaru dari beberapa populasi menunjukkan bahwa paparan selenium yang tinggi juga dapat dikaitkan dengan profil lipid yang merugikan [9-12] dan hipertensi [13], meningkatkan kekhawatiran tambahan tentang toksisitas metabolisme paparan selenium yang tinggi dan penggunaan jangka panjang dari suplemen selenium [14 ]. Asupan selenium bervariasi antara negara dan wilayah sebagian besar disebabkan oleh variabilitas kandungan selenium dari tanah dan karenanya makanan nabati dan makanan ternak hewan [15]. Rekomendasi saat ini pada asupan selenium didasarkan pada optimalisasi aktivitas peroksidase glutation plasma, yang dimaksimalkan pada intake setinggi 55 mg / hari [16] .IntheUS, asupan selenium berkisar 60-220 mg / hari [8,12,13 , 15] dan tidak jelas apakah ada manfaat kesehatan dari peningkatan asupan selenium atas Recommended Dietary Allowance yang (RDA), atau jika toksisitas metabolik dapat terjadi pada tingkat ini. Intake Selenium di Eropa lebih rendah daripada di AS, namun dengan besar variabilitas antara negara mulai dari memadai atau sedikit memadai (Barat dan Eropa Tengah: 30-90μg / hari) dengan asupan rendah atau kekurangan (negara-negara Eropa Timur: 7-30 mg / hari) [15]. Ada bukti epidemiologis kecil pada asosiasi dari selenium dengan diabetes antara populasi Eropa [17,18]. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah dengan demikian untuk meneliti hubungan asupan selenium diet dengan risiko diabetes tipe 2 pada studi kohort Ordet, sampel besar perempuan dari Italia Utara [19] jenis insiden.
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